Wynne, Arkansas

Wynne is the county seat and largest city of Cross County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 8,367 at the 2010 Census.[3] Nestled between the Arkansas Delta and Crowley's Ridge, Wynne is the closest city to the second-largest state park in Arkansas, Village Creek State Park.[4]

Wynne, Arkansas
City
"The City with a Smile"
Location of Wynne in Cross County, Arkansas.
Coordinates: 35°13′39″N 90°47′22″W
CountryUnited States
StateArkansas
CountyCross
Post office openedSeptember 27, 1882
Government
 • MayorJennifer Hobbs
Area
 • Total9.02 sq mi (23.38 km2)
 • Land9.01 sq mi (23.35 km2)
 • Water0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2)
Elevation
262 ft (80 m)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total8,367
 • Estimate 
(2019)[2]
7,749
 • Density859.66/sq mi (331.91/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
ZIP code
72396
Area code870
FIPS code05-77090
GNIS feature ID0078815
Websitewww.cityofwynne.com

Early history
The Commercial District is one of ten sites in Wynne listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Wynne was named for Captain Jesse Watkins Wynne, a Texan who achieved the rank of Captain in the Civil War at the age of just 21. He was famed for leading a group of his captors up to the Confederate lines, where he then marched them to headquarters as his own prisoners.

In 1867, Captain Wynne moved to St. Francis County, Arkansas, and joined the finance company of Dennis & Beck. At that time, the Dennis & Beck company held savings for other companies and for individuals, but eventually, it became the Bank of Eastern Arkansas, and Wynne became its first president.

From 1880-85, as the St. Louis, Iron Mountain, and Southern Railroad was under construction, active steamboat riverports like Wittsburg, at that time the county seat of Cross County, were deserted for the railroads.

The location of the settlement of Wynne was first chosen in 1882, when a train derailed, leaving one boxcar without wheels and off the tracks. That boxcar was then turned upright as a building, and as a compliment to Captain Wynne, it was designated the "Wynne Station". On September 27, 1882, the Wynne Station Post Office was opened.

When the east-west railroad line was completed, it crossed the north-south line near the boxcar, and the name "Wynne Junction" became well known in the area. On May 28, 1888, the "Junction" part of the name was dropped, and the town of Wynne was formed.

By the 1890s, the railroad traffic and the resulting activity in Wynne made it a more vibrant town than the town of Vanndale, which had been the county seat since 1886. In 1903, the county seat of Cross County was moved to Wynne.

With the advent of the U.S. Highway System in the 1920s and 30s, U.S. Route 64 was built west from Memphis, through Wynne, and to points west. Also, the north-south Arkansas Highway 1 was built through Wynne, making it an important highway crossroads for several decades, in addition to being a railroad town. Since the advent of the Interstate Highway System, Interstate 40 has largely diverted long-distance travel away from Wynne.

Geography

Wynne lies in south-central Cross County at 35°13′39″N 90°47′22″W (35.227435, -90.789435),[5] the boundary between two distinct geographical areas of Arkansas: the fertile farmland of the Arkansas Delta (which is a part of the larger Mississippi Alluvial Plain), and Crowley's Ridge, a distinct rise marking the New Madrid Fault Line.

U.S. Route 64 passes through the northern side of the city, leading east 37 miles (60 km) to Marion and west 58 miles (93 km) to Searcy. Arkansas Highway 1 leads north 25 miles (40 km) to Harrisburg and south 14 miles (23 km) to Interstate 40 at Forrest City.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Wynne has a total area of 8.9 square miles (23.0 km2), of which 0.012 square miles (0.03 km2), or 0.12%, is water.[3]

The town of Wynne is considered "the city with a smile" and displays this title proudly on their single overpass which is also painted in the school colors of blue and gold. However, the city is still largely segregated and has several railroad tracks that divide its residents that many have believed is due to race. Because of the lack of city funding and planning much of the West part of town has had little to no upkeep by the city. Consisting hugely of African-American residents, the West side of Wynne was once considered a staple of black business from the post Civil Rights era to well into the mid 1990s. Community staples such as Bud Davis’ Bar & Grill, Miss Anna’s, Hollywood Night-Club, Club D’Essence, Woodard Funeral Home, Johnson’s Funeral Home, Waits BBQ, and Smith’s Grocery were all beneficial in providing a steady cash flow as well as entertainment for the African-American residents of Wynne. Youth programs thrived such as Boys 2 Men/Girls 2 Women and the various black churches like Union Valley Missionary Baptist Church, First Baptist Church, St. James Church and Jones Temple COGIC all provided various scholarships for its graduating members. Around the early to mid 2000s, Wynne saw many members of the African-American community die or move to more economically developed parts of Arkansas and/or the country. This led to a drastic decline in revenue for the African-American community of Wynne that has yet to recover from.

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1890565—
19001,629188.3%
19102,35344.4%
19202,93324.6%
19303,50519.5%
19403,6333.7%
19504,14214.0%
19604,92218.8%
19706,69636.0%
19807,92718.4%
19908,1873.3%
20008,6155.2%
20108,367−2.9%
2019 (est.)7,749[2]−7.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]

According to the census[7] of 2000, there were 8,615 people, 3,245 households, and 2,323 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,056.5 people per square mile (408.1/km2). There were 3,476 housing units at an average density of 426.3 per square mile (164.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 75.91% White, 22.32% Black or African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.48% Asian, 0.27% from other races, and 0.88% from two or more races. 1.03% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,245 households, out of which 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.5% were married couples living together, 19.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.4% were non-families. 26.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.09.

The age distribution of the population shows 28.7% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.9 males. For every 100 woman age 18 and over, there were 80.4 men.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,125, and the median income for a family was $35,714. Males had a median income of $30,506 versus $20,567 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,800. About 17.9% of families and 21.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.7% of those under age 18 and 17.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Wynne has a public school system that consists of four different schools. The first school is Wynne Primary School which is for children in grades Kindergarten through second grade. The second school is Wynne Intermediate School which is for children in grades 3–5. The third school is Wynne Junior High School which is for grades 6–8. The fourth school is for grades 9–12.

Wynne also has a branch of the East Arkansas Community College located on Falls Boulevard.

The New Hope School was one of the original buildings constructed to serve students of District 25. It was donated in 2007 to the Cross County Historical Society where it was restored to its original appearance. In 2008, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

Notable people
  • Cortney Lance Bledsoe, poet, writer, and book reviewer, born in Wynne in 1976
  • Jessica Andrews, country music singer
  • Ronald R. Caldwell, Republican Arkansas state senator from District 23; a Wynne real estate businessman[8]
  • Clay Ford (1938–2013), Republican former member of the Florida House of Representatives from 2007 until his death; member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from 1975 to 1976; born in Wynne
  • Carlos Norman Hathcock II, (May 20, 1942 – February 22, 1999) was a United States Marine Corps (USMC) sniper with a service record of 93 confirmed kills. Hathcock's record and the extraordinary details of the missions he undertook made him a legend in the U.S. Marine Corps. He grew up in Wynne, Arkansas, living with his grandmother after his parents separated for the first 12 years of his life. While visiting relatives in Mississippi, he took to shooting and hunting at an early age, partly out of necessity to help feed his poor family. He is the real life basis for the 1993 Tom Berenger film, Sniper, where the films lead character takes down an enemy sniper tracking his team with a well-placed shot through the enemy shooter's own scope. This kill was originally scored in real life by sniper and Marine Corps legend Carlos Hathcock.
  • James Luker, Arkansas state legislator and mayor of Wynne
  • William L. Spicer, chairman of the Arkansas Republican Party from 1962 to 1964, lived in Wynne during his early years
  • Hugh "Bones" Taylor, who played wide receiver with the Washington Redskins from 1947–54, and was honored as one of the 70 Greatest Redskins in 2002. Taylor was later the head coach of the Houston Oilers in 1965, and was an assistant with the New York Titans, Pittsburgh Steelers, and the San Diego Chargers.
  • DeAngelo Williams, a former Wynne Yellowjacket, currently plays as a running back for the Pittsburgh Steelers[9]

Notable places
  • Cross County Courthouse
  • Cross County Library
  • Cross County Museum
  • Historic Downtown Wynne
  • Jesse Wynne Park
  • Village Creek State Park

Media

Newspapers

The Wynne Progress is the main newspaper in the city of Wynne. The Wynne, Arkansas Progress is in the Memphis, Tennessee DMA. It serves both Wynne and Cross County. It has been in publication for over 100 years. The Wynne Progress is published weekly.[10]

Radio stations

KWYN is the main broadcasting station in the city of Wynne. They operate 92.5 FM which is primarily country music and 1400 AM which is primarily news and sports. These stations are part of the East Arkansas Broadcasters, Incorporated.[11]

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Wynne has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[12]

References
  1. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
  2. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  3. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Wynne city, Arkansas". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
  4. "5 Largest State Parks in Arkansas". Trails of Arkansas. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
  5. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  6. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  7. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  8. "Jason Tolbert, Ronald Caldwell Announces Candidacy For State Senate District 23 Race, July 2012". talkbusiness.net. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
  9. "Remembering Those With Retired Jerseys: Memphis Tigers HB DeAngelo Williams". SBNATION Underdog Dunasty (2015-05-29). Retrieved 2017-11-18.
  10. "Echo Media V3 Print Media Experts". Echo Media V3.
  11. "Error – FM Query". transition.fcc.gov.
  12. "Wynne, Arkansas Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase.
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