1156

Year 1156 (MCLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	11th century 12th century 13th century
Decades:	1130s 1140s 1150s 1160s 1170s
Years:	1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159

1156 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1156 MCLVI
Ab urbe condita	1909
Armenian calendar	605 ԹՎ ՈԵ
Assyrian calendar	5906
Balinese saka calendar	1077–1078
Bengali calendar	563
Berber calendar	2106
English Regnal year	2 Hen. 2 – 3 Hen. 2
Buddhist calendar	1700
Burmese calendar	518
Byzantine calendar	6664–6665
Chinese calendar	乙亥年 (Wood Pig) 3852 or 3792     — to — 丙子年 (Fire Rat) 3853 or 3793
Coptic calendar	872–873
Discordian calendar	2322
Ethiopian calendar	1148–1149
Hebrew calendar	4916–4917
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1212–1213
- Shaka Samvat	1077–1078
- Kali Yuga	4256–4257
Holocene calendar	11156
Igbo calendar	156–157
Iranian calendar	534–535
Islamic calendar	550–551
Japanese calendar	Kyūju 3 / Hōgen 1 (保元元年)
Javanese calendar	1062–1063
Julian calendar	1156 MCLVI
Korean calendar	3489
Minguo calendar	756 before ROC 民前756年
Nanakshahi calendar	−312
Seleucid era	1467/1468 AG
Thai solar calendar	1698–1699
Tibetan calendar	阴木猪年 (female Wood-Pig) 1282 or 901 or 129     — to — 阳火鼠年 (male Fire-Rat) 1283 or 902 or 130

Emperor Frederick I marries Beatrice I

Events

Levant

• Spring – Raynald of Châtillon, prince of Antioch, makes an alliance with Thoros II (the Great), ruler of Armenian Cilicia. He invades Cyprus and conducts a widespread plundering of the Byzantine island.[1] The Crusaders and the Armenian forces march up and down the island robbing and pillaging every building, church and convent as well as shops and private houses. The crops are burnt; the herds are rounded up – together with all the population – and driven down to the coast. The massacre last about three weeks, on the rumor of an Byzantine fleet in the offing, Raynald gives the order for embarkation. The Crusader ships are loaded with booty, and every Cypriot is forced to ransom himself.[2]

Europe

The murder of St. Henry by Lalli, painting by Karl Anders Ekman (1854)

• January 20 – Freeholder Lalli slays the English missionary-bishop Henry with an axe, on the ice of Lake Köyliönjärvi in Finland (according to legend).
• February – Domenico Morosini, doge of Venice (House of Morosini), dies after a 8-year reign. He is succeeded by Vitale II Michiel as ruler of Venice.
• May 28 – King William I (the Bad) lands with a Sicilian expeditionary force in Apulia. He defeats the Byzantine army at Brindisi and recaptures Bari.
• June 9 – Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) marries Beatrice I, daughter of Reginald III, adding the County of Burgundy to the Holy Roman Empire.
• June 18 – Pope Adrian IV comes to terms, and signs the Treaty of Benevento. He recognises the suzerainity of William I as ruler of Sicily and Italy.[3]
• September 17 – Frederick I makes the Margraviate of Austria a duchy and gives the Babenberg Dynasty special privileges (the Privilegium Minus).
• Yuri Dolgorukiy, Grand Prince of Kiev, founds and fortifies the town of Moscow and erects wooden Kremlin within the settlement (approximate date).
• December 25 – King Sverker I (the Elder) is murdered on his way to church. He is succeeded by his rival, Eric IX (the Holy), as ruler of Sweden.

Africa

• The independent city-state Sfax revolts against Norman occupation. Almohad forces liberate the city and massacre the Christian citizens.[4]

Asia

• July 28 – The Hōgen rebellion, a dispute between Emperor Go-Shirakawa and his half-brother retired-Emperor Sutoku, erupts in Japan.

Art and Science

• Mosan artists create the Stavelot Triptych, a masterpiece of Goldsmithing, as a reliquary to house purported pieces of the True Cross.

Births

• January 6 – Matilda of England, daughter of Henry II (d. 1189)
• October 27 – Raymond VI, French nobleman (d. 1222)
• Abu Said al-Baji, Almohad Sufi scholar (d. 1231)
• Gaucelm Faidit, French troubadour (d. 1209)
• Hōjō Masako, Japanese noblewoman (d. 1225)
• Isaac II (Angelos), Byzantine emperor (d. 1204)
• Magnus V (Erlingsson), king of Norway (d. 1184)
• Robert of Auxerre, French chronicler (d. 1212)
• Sayf al-Din al-Amidi, Ayyubid jurist (d. 1233)

Deaths

• January 17 – André de Montbard, French nobleman
• January 20 – Henry, English bishop and missionary
• January 31 – Herman van Horne, bishop of Utrecht
• July 20 – Toba, Japanese emperor (b. 1103)
• August 4 – Otto IV, German nobleman (b. 1083)
• August 12 – Blanca of Navarre, queen of Castile
• November 20 – Henry I, German nobleman (b. 1115)
• December 2 – William IX, count of Poitiers (b. 1153)
• December 25
  • Peter the Venerable, French monk and abbot
  • Sverker I (the Elder), king of Sweden
• Atsiz, Persian ruler of the Khwarazmian Empire
• Domenico Morosini, doge of Venice (House of Morosini)
• Fujiwara no Sadanobu, Japanese calligrapher (b. 1088)
• Fujiwara no Taishi, Japanese empress (b. 1095)
• Fujiwara no Yorinaga, Japanese statesman (b. 1120)
• Gilbert de Gant, English nobleman (b. 1126)
• Li Qingzhao, Chinese female poet (b. 1084)
• Mas'ud I, Seljuk ruler of the Sultanate of Rum
• Minamoto no Tameyoshi, Japanese general (b. 1096)
• Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair, Irish king (b. 1088)

References

1. Ghazarian, Jacob G. (2000). The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1393. Routledge Curzon (Taylor & Francis Group), 2000, Abingdon. ISBN 0-7007-1418-9.
2. Runciman, Steven (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 283. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
3. Kleinhenz, Christopher (2010). Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. p. 95. ISBN 978-0-415-93930-0.
4. Bresc, Henri (2003). "La Sicile et l'espace libyen au Moyen Age" (PDF). Retrieved January 17, 2012. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)