2018–19 Trabzonspor season
The 2018–19 season was Trabzonspor's 51st year in existence. In addition to the domestic league, Trabzonspor participated in the Turkish Cup.
| 2018–19 season | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chairman |  Ahmet Ali Ağaoğlu | |||
| Manager | Ünal Karaman [1] | |||
| Stadium | Şenol Güneş Stadium | |||
| Süper Lig | 4th | |||
| Turkish Cup | Quarter-final | |||
| Top goalscorer | League: Hugo Rodallega (15) All: Hugo Rodallega (16) | |||
|
| ||||
Süper Lig
League table
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | İstanbul Başakşehir | 34 | 19 | 10 | 5 | 49 | 22 | +27 | 67 | Qualification to Champions League third qualifying round |
| 3 | Beşiktaş | 34 | 19 | 8 | 7 | 72 | 46 | +26 | 65 | Qualification to Europa League group stage |
| 4 | Trabzonspor | 34 | 18 | 9 | 7 | 64 | 46 | +18 | 63 | Qualification to Europa League third qualifying round |
| 5 | Yeni Malatyaspor | 34 | 13 | 8 | 13 | 47 | 46 | +1 | 47 | Qualification to Europa League second qualifying round |
| 6 | Fenerbahçe | 34 | 11 | 13 | 10 | 44 | 44 | 0 | 46 |
Source: Süper Lig, Soccerway
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored; 5) Goal difference; 6) Goals scored; 7) Play-off.[2]
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored; 5) Goal difference; 6) Goals scored; 7) Play-off.[2]
Galibiyet Beraberlik Mağlubiyet
Results summary
| Overall | Home | Away | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD |
| 34 | 18 | 9 | 7 | 64 | 46 | +18 | 63 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 39 | 20 | +19 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 25 | 26 | −1 |
Source: TFF
Results by round
Updated to match(es) played on 12 May 2019. Source: TFF.org
A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss
A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss
Matches
| August 12, 2018 1 | Medipol Başakşehir | 2 - 0 | Trabzonspor | Istanbul |
| 19:30 | Manuel da Costa  43' Gökhan Inler  58' Júnior Caiçara 74' Emmanuel Adebayor 90' |
Report | 57' Yusuf Yazıcı 79' Ogenyi Onazi |
Stadium: Başakşehir Fatih Terim Stadium Referee: Fırat Aydınus |
| August 17, 2018 2 | Trabzonspor | 3 - 1 | Sivasspor | Trabzon |
| 21:45 | Olcay Şahan 7' 8' Hugo Rodallega 14' (pen.) 27' |
Report | 4' Delvin N'Dinga 13' David Braz 45' Douglas 85' Uğur Çiftçi 90' Erdoğan Yeşilyurt |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Yaşar Kemal Uğurlu |
| August 25, 2018 3 | MKE Ankaragücü | 2 - 2 | Trabzonspor | Ankara |
| 19:15 | Bakary Koné 27' Ricardo Faty 43' Thibault Moulin 87' Youness Mokhtar 90' |
Report | 28' Filip Novák 41' Abdülkadir Ömür 80' Hugo Rodallega 90' Juraj Kucka |
Stadium: Osmanlı Stadium Referee: Mete Kalkavan |
| September 1, 2018 4 | Trabzonspor | 4 - 0 | Galatasaray | Trabzon |
| Ogenyi Onazi 3' Anthony Nwakaeme 25' 45+3' 33' Filip Novák Yusuf Yazıcı 87' Caleb Ekuban 90+3' |
Report |  30' Younès Belhanda 42' Mariano |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Fırat Aydınus |
| September 17, 2018 5 | Alanyaspor | 1 - 0 | Trabzonspor | Alanya, Antalya |
| Merih Demiral 27' Fabrice N'Sakala 65' |
Report | 68' Yusuf Yazıcı 89' Onur Kıvrak |
Stadium: Alanya Oba Stadyumu Referee: Halis Özkahya |
| September 22, 2018 6 | Trabzonspor | 1 - 2 | Göztepe | Trabzon |
| Burak Yılmaz 66' Vahid Amiri 38' Yusuf Yazıcı 73' |
Report | 8' 28' Yasin Öztekin 34' Adama Traoré) 61' Celso Borges 88' Titi |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Hüseyin Ocak |
| September 29, 2018 7 | Trabzonspor | 4 - 2 | Kasımpaşa | Trabzon |
| Burak Yılmaz 43' 74' Hugo Rodallega 53' 72' Juraj Kucka 80' Ogenyi Onazi 90+4' |
Report | 30' 70' Emem Eduok 30' Loret Sadiku 37' Trézéguet 76' Josué Sá |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Ali Palabıyık |
| October 7, 2018 8 | Akhisar Belediyespor | 1 - 3 | Trabzonspor | Akhisar, Manisa Province |
| Yevhen Seleznyov 77' Dany Nounkeu 66' |
Report | 35' José Sosa 39' Zargo Touré 43' 76' Burak Yılmaz 67' Filip Novák 79' João Pereira |
Stadium: Spor Toto Akhisar Stadium Referee: Halil Umut Meler |
| October 22, 2018 9 | Trabzonspor | 0 - 0 | Büyükşehir Belediye Erzurumspor | Trabzon |
| Ogenyi Onazi 45+2' |
Report | 24' Gilles Sunu 65' Auremir 90+3' Ibrahim Šehić |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Bülent Yıldırım (referee) |
| October 27, 2018 10 | Antalyaspor | 1 - 1 | Trabzonspor | Antalya |
| Souleymane Doukara 15' Aly Cissokho 27' Chico 61' |
Report | 28' (pen.) 90+5' Burak Yılmaz |
Stadium: New Antalya Stadium Referee: Yaşar Kemal Uğurlu |
| November 4, 2018 11 | Trabzonspor | 1 - 1 | Bursaspor | Trabzon |
| Hugo Rodallega 25' José Sosa 43' Burak Yılmaz 45' |
Report | 48' Ertuğrul Ersoy 87' Allano 90+6' Barış Yardımcı |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Alper Ulusoy |
| November 9, 2018 12 | Yeni Malatyaspor | 5 - 0 | Trabzonspor | Malatya |
| Guilherme 36' 64' Danijel Aleksić 38' 48' Khalid Boutaïb 44' 51' |
Report | 66' Hugo Rodallega |
Stadium: Malatya Arena Referee: Arda Kardeşler |
| November 25, 2018 13 | Trabzonspor | 2 - 1 | Fenerbahçe | Trabzon |
| Filip Novák 50' José Sosa 75' Ogenyi Onazi 87' João Pereira 90' Uğurcan Çakır 90+4' |
Report | 25' Islam Slimani 82' 87' Michael Frey 90+5' Yiğithan Güveli |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Halil Umut Meler |
| December 1, 2018 14 | Kayserispor | 0 - 2 | Trabzonspor | Kayseri |
| Cristian Săpunaru 21' Mert Özyıldırım 65' Bernard Mensah 81' Şamil Çinaz 82' Tiago Lopes 84' |
Report | 70' João Pereira 82' Caleb Ekuban 90+8' Vahid Amiri |
Stadium: Kadir Has Stadium Referee: Mustafa Öğretmenoğlu |
| December 8, 2018 15 | Trabzonspor | 3 - 0 | Konyaspor | Trabzon |
| Yusuf Yazıcı 67' Hugo Rodallega pen.' (76) 80' Caleb Ekuban 77' Ogenyi Onazi 89' |
Report | 22' Uğur Demirok 51' Milan Jevtović 63' Ömer Ali Şahiner |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Mete Kalkavan |
| December 16, 2018 16 | Beşiktaş | 2 - 2 | Trabzonspor | Istanbul |
| Dorukhan Toköz 45' Caner Erkin 46' Ogenyi Onazi k.k.' (57) Adem Ljajić 77' Mustafa Pektemek 90+6' |
Report | 45+1' Hugo Rodallega 47' Anthony Nwakaeme 90+2' João Pereira |
Stadium: Vodafone Arena Referee: Halil Umut Meler |
| December 23, 2018 17 | Trabzonspor | 4 - 1 | Rizespor | Trabzon |
| Abdülkadir Ömür 24' 67' Hugo Rodallega 79' Caleb Ekuban 89' Juraj Kucka 90' Anthony Nwakaeme 90+3' Abdülkadir Parmak 90+6' Kamil Çörekçi 90+7' |
Report | 74' Mustafa Saymak 84' Aminu Umar 90+6' Rick Boldrin |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Fırat Aydınus |
| January 20, 2019 18 | Trabzonspor | 2 - 4 | İstanbul Başakşehir F.K. | Trabzon |
| João Pereira 20' Caleb Ekuban 28' 49' Yusuf Yazıcı 47' 80' |
Report | 32' 64' İrfan Kahveci 42' Gaël Clichy 42' (o.g.) Caleb Ekuban 70' Arda Turan 86' Edin Višća |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Halil Umut Meler |
| January 27, 2019 19 | Sivasspor | 1 - 1 | Trabzonspor | Sivas |
| Arouna Koné 73' |
Report | 74' Hugo Rodallega 75' Abdülkadir Parmak |
Stadium: sivas 4 Eylül Stadium Referee: Alper Ulusoy |
| February 2, 2019 20 | Trabzonspor | 1 - 0 | MKE Ankaragücü | Trabzon |
| Hugo Rodallega 6' Hüseyin Türkmen 28' Caleb Ekuban 69' Anthony Nwakaeme 85' Uğurcan Çakır 90+5' |
Report | 48' Wilfred Moke 66' Sedat Ağçay 90+1' Tiago Pinto |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Mustafa Öğretmenoğlu |
| February 10, 2019 21 | Galatasaray | 3 - 1 | Trabzonspor | Istanbul |
| Mbaye Diagne 8' 21' (pen.) Younès Belhanda 44' 51' 75' Ryan Donk 62' Martin Linnes 80' |
Report | 18' Arda Akbulut 30' Hugo Rodallega |
Stadium: Türk Telekom Stadium Referee: Ümit Öztürk |
| February 17, 2019 22 | Trabzonspor | 0 - 2 | Alanyaspor | Trabzon |
| Vahid Amiri 60' |
Report | 14' Welinton 36' Ceyhun Gülselam 51' 68' Édouard Cissé |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Suat Arslanboğa |
| February 22, 2019 23 | Göztepe | 1 - 3 | Trabzonspor | Bornova, İzmir |
| Berkan Emir 22' Deniz Kadah 71' (pen.) Yasin Öztekin 89' |
Report | 27' Hugo Rodallega 63' Majid Hosseini 73' Abdülkadir Parmak 90' (o.g.) Kadu |
Stadium: Bornova Aziz Kocaoğlu Stadyumu Referee: Mustafa Öğretmenoğlu |
| March 4, 2019 24 | Kasımpaşa | 2 - 2 | Trabzonspor | Istanbul |
| Veysel Sarı 30' Loret Sadiku 53' Stipe Perica 63' Josué Sá 79' Trézéguet 90' (pen.) |
Report | 30' 45+2' Anthony Nwakaeme 81' Yusuf Yazıcı 86' Filip Novák |
Stadium: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Stadium Referee: Bülent Yıldırım (referee) |
| March 9, 2019 25 | Trabzonspor | 2 - 1 | Akhisar Belediyespor | Trabzon |
| Majid Hosseini 29' Yusuf Yazıcı 34' Abdülkadir Parmak 62' Kamil Çörekçi 66' Olcay Şahan 67' Anthony Nwakaeme 70' José Sosa 76' (pen.) |
Report | 62' Serginho 65' 71' Jeremy Bokila 69' Zeki Yavru |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Yaşar Kemal Uğurlu |
| March 16, 2019 26 | Büyükşehir Belediye Erzurumspor | 0 - 1 | Trabzonspor | Erzurum |
| Lokman Gör 87' İbrahim Akdağ 90+4' |
Report | 47' Vahid Amiri 64' Anthony Nwakaeme 74' Abdülkadir Parmak 86' Hugo Rodallega |
Stadium: Kazım Karabekir Stadium Referee: Ali Palabıyık |
| April 5, 2019 27 | Trabzonspor | 4 - 1 | Antalyaspor | Trabzon |
| Anthony Nwakaeme 21' Caleb Ekuban 58' Kamil Çörekçi 55' Olcay Şahan 67' Murat Cem Akpınar 90+4' |
Report | 9' Souleymane Doukara 56' Charles Fernando Basílio da Silva |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Hüseyin Göçek |
| April 12, 2019 28 | Bursaspor | 0 - 1 | Trabzonspor | Bursa |
| 20:30 | Aytaç Kara 38' Stéphane Badji 80' Ertuğrul Ersoy 90' |
Report | 38' José Sosa 68' Abdülkadir Ömür 83' Luis Ibáñez 90' Majid Hosseini |
Stadium: Timsah Arena Referee: Bülent Yıldırım (referee) |
| April 20, 2019 29 | Trabzonspor | 2 - 1 | Yeni Malatyaspor | Trabzon |
| Anthony Nwakaeme 31' Filip Novák 61' Hugo Rodallega 79' João Pereira 90+4' |
Report | 22' 45' Ömer Şişmanoğlu 70' 76' Mustafa Akbaş |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Zorbay Küçük |
| April 27, 2019 30 | Fenerbahçe | 1 - 1 | Trabzonspor | Istanbul |
| Martin Škrtel 21' Roberto Soldado 30' Hasan Ali Kaldırım 57' Sadık Çiftpınar 59' 71' Mathieu Valbuena 90+6' |
Report | 16' Yusuf Yazıcı 74' Hüseyin Türkmen 85' Abdülkadir Parmak |
Stadium: Ülker Stadyumu Referee: Cüneyt Çakır |
| May 6, 2019 31 | Trabzonspor | 4 - 2 | Kayserispor | Trabzon |
| José Sosa 16' Yusuf Yazıcı 20' 51' Majid Hosseini 52' Abdülkadir Ömür 65' Filip Novák 84' |
Report | 32' 64' Hasan Hüseyin Acar 45+3' Artem Kravets 69' Deniz Türüç 69' Tjaronn Chery |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Fırat Aydınus |
| May 12, 2019 32 | Konyaspor | 2 - 2 | Trabzonspor | Konya |
| Jens Jønsson 17' 88' Moryké Fofana 45' Uğur Demirok 78' Ömer Ali Şahiner 82' Deni Milošević 90+4' |
Report | 11' Hugo Rodallega 79' (pen.) José Sosa 90+7' Yusuf Yazıcı |
Stadium: Konya Büyükşehir Stadium Referee: Halis Özkahya |
| May 18, 2019 33 | Trabzonspor | 2 - 1 | Beşiktaş | Trabzon |
| Filip Novák 53' Vahid Amiri 90+1' Yusuf Yazıcı 77' 90+4' |
Report | 15' Caner Erkin 72' Nicolas Isimat-Mirin 74' Shinji Kagawa |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Fırat Aydınus |
| May 24, 2019 34 | Çaykur Rizespor | 2 - 3 | Trabzonspor | Rize |
| Rick Boldrin 16' 90+4' Vedat Muriqi 65' |
Report | 20' Hugo Rodallega 23' (o.g.) Dario Melnjak 43' Abdülkadir Ömür 89' Filip Novák |
Stadium: Yeni Rize Şehir Stadium Referee: Yaşar Kemal Uğurlu |
Türkiye Kupası
Fifth round
| December 4, 2018 | Sivas Belediyespor | 2 - 2 | Trabzonspor | Sivas |
| Aykut Emre Yakut 6' 67' Alpay Koçaklı 9' Mustafa Aydın 13' Aykut Emre Yakut 67' Fatih Ayık 83' |
Report | 45+1' Majid Hosseini 46' Abdülkadir Parmak |
Stadium: Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Stadyumu Referee: Serkan Çınar |
| December 19, 2018 | Trabzonspor | 5 - 0 | Sivas Belediyespor | Trabzon |
| Batuhan Artarslan 9' Caleb Ekuban 17' 35' Zeki Yavru 19' Vahid Amiri 52' Abdülkadir Parmak 78' |
Report | 66' Fatih Çiplak |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Bahattin Şimşek |
Round of 16
| January 16, 2019 | Trabzonspor | 2 - 1 | Balıkesirspor | Trabzon |
| Caleb Ekuban 45+1' Hugo Rodallega 63' Kamil Çörekçi 76' |
Report | 48' Nizamettin Çalışkan |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Özgür Yankaya |
| January 23, 2019 | Balıkesirspor | 1 - 3 | Trabzonspor | Balıkesir |
| Doğa İşeri 19' Steve Leo Beleck 34' Muhammed Ali Doğan 63' |
Report | 32' Filip Novák 59' 87' Abdülkadir Parmak |
Stadium: Balıkesir Atatürk Stadium Referee: Hüseyin Göçek |
Quarter finals
| February 5, 2019 | Trabzonspor | 0 - 0 | Ümraniyespor | Trabzon |
| Luis Ibáñez 71' |
Report | 50' Uğur Aygören |
Stadium: Şenol Güneş Stadium Referee: Yaşar Kemal Uğurlu |
| February 26, 2019 | Ümraniyespor | 3 - 1 | Trabzonspor | Istanbul |
| Emircan Altıntaş 37' 66' (pen.) Leandrinho 55' Muhammed Gönülaçar 68' Burak Öğür 84' Alaaddin Okumuş 90+3' Atabey Çiçek 90+7' |
Report | 35' Anthony Nwakaeme 87' Caleb Ekuban 90+8' Murat Cem Akpınar |
Stadium: Başakşehir Fatih Terim Stadium Referee: Alper Ulusoy |
Statistics
Squad statistics
| No. | Pos. | Player | Süper Lig | Türkiye Kupası | Total | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apps | |
|
|
Apps | |
|
|
Apps | |
|
| |||
| 28 | FV |  Hugo Rodallega
| 31 | 15 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 35 | 16 | 4 | 0 |
| FV |  Caleb Ekuban
| 28 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 34 | 8 | 4 | 0 | |
| 97 | OS | Yusuf Yazıcı
| 29 | 3 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 | 3 | 10 | 0 |
 Filip Novák
| 28 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 5 | 4 | 0 | ||
| 19 | OS | Abdülkadir Ömür
| 28 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 5 | 1 | 0 |
| OS |  Zargo Touré
| 27 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| FV |  Anthony Nwakaeme
| 25 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 11 | 1 | 0 | |
| 28 | FV |  José Sosa
| 28 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 5 | 2 | 0 |
| DF |  Majid Hosseini
| 24 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 1 | 4 | 0 | |
| Hüseyin Türkmen
| 22 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||
| FV | Vahid Amiri
| 21 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 2 | 3 | 0 | |
| Abdülkadir Parmak
| 17 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 6 | 4 | 0 | ||
| 96 | KL | Uğurcan Çakır
| 19 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| 47 | DF |  João Pereira
| 21 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| 10 | OS | Olcay Şahan
| 19 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| 2 | DF | Kamil Çörekçi
| 11 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| 20 | OS | Ogenyi Onazi
| 16 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 2 | 4 | 0 |
| 16 | OS | Batuhan Artarslan
| 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | KL | Onur Kıvrak
| 12 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Luis Ibáñez
| 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 33 | OS |  Juraj Kucka
| 8 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Murat Cem Akpınar
| 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 17 | FV | Burak Yılmaz
| 7 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 0 |
| Arda Akbulut
| 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Berkay Sefa Kara
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 25 | DF | Mustafa Akbaş
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Zeki Yavru
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Ali Karnapoğlu
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Semih Karadeniz
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 23 | KL |  Esteban Alvarado
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
References
- "Trabzonspor'un Yeni Teknik Direktörü Ünal Karaman". Eurosport 1. 30 May 2018. Archived from the original on 12 October 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
- "TÜRKİYE FUTBOL FEDERASYONU FUTBOL MÜSABAKA TALİMATI : MADDE 9 – PUAN USULÜ VE AVERAJ" [Turkish Football Federation Football Competition Instruction : Article 9 - Score Procedure and Average] (PDF) (in Turkish). tff.org. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
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