Alejandro González Iñárritu

Alejandro González Iñárritu (/ɪˈnjɑːrɪtuː/; American Spanish: [aleˈxandɾo ɣonˈsales iˈɲaritu]; born 15 August 1963) is a Mexican film director, producer, and screenwriter. He is known for telling international stories about the human condition, and his projects have garnered critical acclaim and numerous accolades.

Alejandro G. Iñárritu
Iñárritu in 2017.
Born	15 August 1963 Mexico City, Mexico
Nationality	Mexican
Alma mater	Universidad Iberoamericana
Occupation	Film director film producer screenwriter
Years active	1984–present
Spouse(s)	Maria Eladia Hagerman
Children	2
Honours	Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (2019)
Signature

His debut film, Amores Perros, premiered at the Cannes Film Festival and won the Critics' Week Grand Prize and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film[1] in 2000. His next and first American film, 21 Grams, was presented in competition at the 60th Venice International Film Festival, where Sean Penn won the Volpi Cup for Best Actor. It was nominated for two Academy Awards for Lead Actress Naomi Watts and Supporting Actor Benicio del Toro. In 2006, Babel was presented in competition at the 59th Cannes Film Festival where Iñárritu won the Best Director Award. That same year, Babel went on to win the Golden Globe Award for Best Picture Drama, was nominated for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing, and was nominated for seven Academy Awards, including two for Iñárritu for Best Picture and Best Director. Iñárritu's fourth film, Biutiful, received the Best Actor Award at the Cannes Film Festival for Javier Bardem's lead performance. Additionally, the film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, and Javier Bardem was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor.

In 2014, he won three Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Original Screenplay for Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance). The following year, he won a second Academy Award for Best Director for The Revenant (2015), making him the third director to win back-to-back Academy Awards, and the first since 1950. The Revenant also won Iñárritu a DGA Award, making history as the first person to ever win two in a row. Additionally, Iñárritu was awarded a Special Achievement Academy Award for his virtual reality installation Carne y Arena in 2017, the first time it had been awarded since 1995.[2] Carne y Arena also became the first VR installation ever presented at the Cannes Film Festival in 2017 and it was exhibited at Fondazione Prada in Milan, LACMA in Los Angeles, Tlatelolco in Mexico City and in Washington DC at a converted church in the northeast sector of the city.

Iñárritu is the first Mexican filmmaker to be nominated for either director or producer in the history of the Academy Awards, the first Mexican filmmaker to receive a Best Director Award at Cannes, the first Mexican filmmaker to win an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, and the first Mexican filmmaker to win a Best Picture Academy Award. Iñárritu and his friends Alfonso Cuaron, and Guillermo Del Toro and together, the filmmakers are known in the film industry as “The Three Amigos".[3] Finally, Iñárritu became the first Latin American to become the President of the Jury of the 72nd Cannes Film Festival[4] in 2019, same year in which he received the honoris causa doctorate from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).

Early life

Iñárritu was born on 15 August 1963 in Mexico City, the youngest of seven siblings, to Luz María Iñárritu and Héctor González Gama.[5][6][7] Héctor was a banker who owned a ranch, but went bankrupt when Iñárritu was five.[7][8] A poor student, Iñárritu was expelled from high school at the age of 16 or 17 due to poor grades and misbehavior.[7][8][9] He briefly ran off with a girl from a wealthy family to Acapulco, having been influenced by the Miloš Forman film Hair, but returned to Mexico City after a week.[7][9]

Soon after, Iñárritu left home and worked as a sailor on cargo boats, taking two trips at the ages of 16 and 18, sailing through the Mississippi River and then visiting Europe and Africa. With $1,000 supplied by his father, Iñárritu stayed in Europe for a year on the second trip.[10][11] He has noted that these early travels as a young man have had a great influence on him as a filmmaker,[11] and the settings of his films have often been in the places he visited during this period.[9] After his travels, Iñárritu returned to Mexico City and majored in communications at Universidad Iberoamericana, one of the most prestigious private universities in Mexico.[12]

Career

Early career

Alejandro González Iñárritu and the Biutiful team at Cannes.

Iñárritu began his career in 1984 as a radio host at the Mexican radio station WFM, the country's most popular rock music station, where he "pieced together playlists into a loose narrative arc".[11][12] He worked with and interviewed artists like Robert Plant, David Gilmour, Elton John, Bob Geldof and Carlos Santana. He also wrote and broadcast small audio stories and storytelling promos. He later became the youngest producer for Televisa, the largest mass media company in Latin America.[12] From 1987 to 1989, he composed music for six Mexican feature films. During this time, Iñárritu became acquainted with Mexican writer Guillermo Arriaga, beginning their screenwriting collaborations.[12] Iñárritu has stated that he believes music has had a bigger influence on him as an artist than film itself.[11]

In the early 1990s, Iñárritu created Z films, a production company, with Raul Olvera in Mexico.[13] Under Z Films, he started writing, producing and directing short films and advertisements.[12] Making the final transition into TV and film directing, he studied under well-known theater director Ludwik Margules, as well as Judith Weston in Los Angeles.[14][15] In 1995, Iñárritu wrote and directed his first TV pilot for Z Films, called Detrás del dinero, or Behind the Money, starring Miguel Bosé.[13]

2000s

Alejandro G. Iñárritu. and Cate Blanchett on the set of Babel.

In 2000, Iñárritu directed his first feature film Amores perros, co-written with Guillermo Arriaga.[12] Amores perros explored Mexican society in Mexico City told via three intertwining stories. In 2000, Amores perros premiered at the Cannes Film Festival and won the Critics' Week Grand Prize.[16] It was the film debut of actor Gael García Bernal, who would later appear in Babel and the Iñárritu-produced Mexican film Rudo y Cursi. Amores perros was the first installment in Iñárritu's and Arriaga's thematic "Death trilogy", and nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.[1][17]

After the success of Amores Perros, Iñárritu and Arriaga revisited the intersected-stories structure of Amores perros in Iñárritu's second feature film, 21 Grams (2003).[12] The film starred Benicio del Toro, Naomi Watts and Sean Penn. It was selected to compete for the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival, where Penn received the Volpi Cup for Best Actor.[18][19] At the 76th Academy Awards, Del Toro and Watts received nominations for their performances.[20]

Iñárritu embarked on his third and last film that formed the "Death Trilogy", Babel (2006), co-written with Arriaga.[21][22] Babel comprises four interrelated stories set in Morocco, Mexico, the United States, and Japan, in four different languages.[23] The film stars Brad Pitt, Cate Blanchett, Adriana Barraza, Gael Garcia Bernal, Rinko Kikuchi and Kōji Yakusho. The rest of the cast comprised non-professional actors.[24] The film competed at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival, where Iñárritu received the Best Director Award (Prix de la mise en scène),[25] becoming the first Mexican-born director to win the award.[26]

Babel received seven nominations at the 79th Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director.[18] Gustavo Santaolalla, the film's composer, won the Academy Award for Best Original Score.[27] The film won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama in 2007.[28] Iñárritu became the first Mexican director to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Directing and the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing.[29][30] After this third feature film collaboration with writing partner Arriaga, Iñárritu and he professionally parted ways, following Iñárritu's barring of Arriaga from the set during filming. Arriaga told the Los Angeles Times in 2009, "It had to come to an end, but I still respect [González Iñárritu]."[31]

2010s

Biutiful (2010)

In 2010, Iñárritu directed and produced Biutiful, starring Javier Bardem, written by Iñárritu, Armando Bó Jr., and Nicolás Giacobone.[32] The film premiered at the Cannes Film Festival in May 2010.[33] Bardem went on to win Best Actor (shared with Elio Germano for La nostra vita) at Cannes.[34] Biutiful is Iñárritu's first film in his native Spanish since his debut feature Amores perros. The film was nominated at the 2011 Golden Globes for Best Foreign Language Film, and at the BAFTA Awards for Best Film Not in the English Language and Best Actor.[35][36] For the second time in his career, Iñárritu's film was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the Academy Awards; Javier Bardem's performance was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor.[37]

Birdman (2014)

In 2014, Iñárritu ultimately won three Academy Awards for directing, co-writing and co-producing Best Picture winner Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance), starring Michael Keaton, Edward Norton, Emma Stone, Naomi Watts, Zach Galifianakis, and Andrea Riseborough. The film is an existential dark comedy exploring the ego of a forgotten superhero actor, experienced as if filmed on a single shot. It was the first time a Mexican Filmmaker received Best Picture at the Academy Awards. He also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay, a DGA Award and a PGA Award for the film.[38][39]

The Revenant (2015)

The following year, Iñárritu directed The Revenant, which he and Mark L. Smith adapted from Michael Punke's novel of the same name.[40][41] The film starred Leonardo DiCaprio, Tom Hardy, Domhnall Gleeson, and Will Poulter.[42] It is a "gritty" 19th-century period drama-thriller about fur trapper Hugh Glass, a real person who joined the Rocky Mountain Fur Company on a "journey into the wild" and was robbed and abandoned after being mauled by a grizzly bear.[41] The film considers the nature and stresses on relationships under the duress of the wilderness, and issues of revenge and pardon via Glass's pursuit of the man who was responsible for his hardship.[40][43] The Revenant took nine months to shoot.[44] With The Revenant, Iñárritu won a second consecutive Oscar for Best Director[45] and was nominated for 12 Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, winning Best Director, Best Cinematography and Best Actor.[46][47] Iñárritu is one of only three directors to ever win consecutive Oscars, and the first to do it in 65 years. He was also nominated for four Golden Globe Awards, winning three, including Best Motion Picture – Drama and Best Director;[48] received nine Critics' Choice Movie Awards nominations, including Best Picture and Best Director;[49] five BAFTAs including Best Picture and Best Director; and a DGA Award, making history as the first person to ever win two in a row.

The One Percent, originally planned as an upcoming American television drama series created and written by Iñárritu, Alexander Dinelaris Jr., Nicolás Giacobone and Armando Bó, was eventually postponed on early March 2017 due to Alejandro feeling burnt out after the production of The Revenant. The quartet, who also collaborated on Birdman, were to serve as executive producers. Iñárritu was set to direct the first two episodes and set the visual style of the show.

Short films

Alejandro González Iñárritu at the Cannes Film Festival in 2019.

From 2001 to 2011, Iñárritu directed several short films. In 2001, he directed an 11-minute film segment for 11'09"01 September 11 - which is composed of several short films that explore the effects of the 9/11 terrorist attacks from different points of view around the world.[12] In 2007, he made ANNA, part of French anthology film Chacun son cinéma, which screened at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival. Chacun son cinéma, a collection of 34 short films by 34 renowned film directors representing 25 countries, was produced for the 60th anniversary of the film festival.[50] In 2012, Iñárritu made the experimental short film Naran Ja: One Act Orange Dance, inspired by L.A Dance Project's premiere performance, featuring excerpts from the new choreography Benjamin Millepied crafted for Moving Parts. The story takes place in a secluded, dusty space and centers around LADP dancer Julia Eichten.[51]

Commercials

In 2002, Iñárritu directed "Powder Keg", an episode for the BMW short film series The Hire, starring Clive Owen as the driver and Stellan Skarsgård as a war photographer. It won the Cannes Gold Lion Advertising Award.[52] In 2010, Iñárritu directed "Write the Future", a football-themed commercial for Nike ahead of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, which went on to win the Grand Prix at the Cannes Lions Advertising Festival.[53] In 2012, he directed Procter & Gamble's "Best Job" commercial spot for the 2012 Olympic Ceremonies. It won the Best Primetime Commercial Emmy at Creative Arts Emmy Awards[54] and the DGA Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Commercials.[55]

On 4 October 2012, Facebook released an Iñárritu-directed brand film titled The Things That Connect Us to celebrate the social network reaching one billion users.[56]

Virtual reality

Iñárritu's virtual reality project Carne y Arena was the first ever VR installation presented at the Cannes Film Festival in 2017. Carne y Arena was also presented, at LACMA, Washington DC and featured at the Prada Foundation in Milan. Additionally, Carne y Arena was awarded the first Special Achievement Academy Award in over 20 years at the Academy’s 9th Annual Governors Awards.[57]

Personal life

Iñárritu is married to Maria Eladia Hagerman, an editor and graphic designer. They have a daughter, Maria Eladia, and a son, Eliseo.[9][58]

Filmography

Year	Title	Director	Producer	Writer	Note
2000	Amores perros	Yes	Yes	Story	Also editor
2003	21 Grams	Yes	Yes	Story
2006	Babel	Yes	Yes	Story
2008	Rudo y Cursi	No	Yes	No
2010	Biutiful	Yes	Yes	Yes
2014	Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)	Yes	Yes	Yes
2015	The Revenant	Yes	Yes	Yes

Short films

Year	Title	Director	Producer	Writer	Editor	Note
1996	El timbre	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
2001	Powder Keg	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	The Hire series for BMW
2002	11'09"01	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Episode #07: "Mexico"
2007	ANNA	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Segment of Chacun son cinema
2012	Naran Ja[59]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
2017	Flesh and Sand	Yes	No	Yes	No

Critical reception

Year	Film	Rotten Tomatoes	Metacritic[60]
2000	Amores perros	92%[61]	83
2003	21 Grams	80%[62]	70
2006	Babel	69%[63]	69
2010	Biutiful	64%[64]	58
2014	Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)	91%[65]	88
2015	The Revenant	78%[66]	76

Accolades and honors

Iñárritu has been recognized with multiple awards for his films, including five Academy Awards, two Directors Guild of America Awards, a Producers Guild of America Award, three British Academy Film Awards, three AACTA Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, two Independent Spirit Awards, two American Film Institute Awards, and three Cannes Film Festival Award. He is the first Mexican director to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director and the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing, and the first to win the Best Director Award at the Cannes Film Festival.[29][30] In 2015, Iñárritu won, among many other accolades, the Directors Guild Award for Outstanding Directing, the Producers Guild of America Award for Best Theatrical Motion Picture, and the Academy Award for Best Picture, Best Original Screenplay and Best Directing for Birdman, becoming the first Mexican to win three Academy awards.[67] In 2016, Iñárritu won the Academy Award for Best Director for his work on The Revenant, marking the first time in 65 years that a director has won the award in two consecutive years. Iñárritu is the third director to accomplish this feat, following John Ford and Joseph L. Mankiewicz.[47]

In 2006, Iñárritu was honored at the Gotham Awards' World Cinema Tribute, alongside fellow Mexican filmmakers Alfonso Cuarón and Guillermo del Toro.[68] In 2015, Iñárritu received the Sundance Institute's Vanguard Leadership Award for the "originality and independent spirit" of his films.[26] He was also honored by the Los Angeles County Museum of Art at its Art + Film Gala.[69]

Year	Film	Academy Awards		BAFTA Awards		Golden Globe Awards
		Nominations	Wins	Nominations	Wins	Nominations	Wins
2000	Amores perros	1		1	1	1
2003	21 Grams	2		5
2006	Babel	7	1	7	1	7	1
2010	Biutiful	2		2		1
2014	Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)	9	4	10	1	7	2
2015	The Revenant	12	3	8	5	4	3
2017	Flesh and Sand	1	1
Total		33	8	33	8	20	6

Directed Academy Award performances

As of 2018, each of Iñárritu's feature films, with the exception of Amores perros, showcases at least one Academy Award nominated performance.

Year	Performer	Film	Result
Academy Award for Best Actor
2010	Javier Bardem	Biutiful	Nominated
2014	Michael Keaton	Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)	Nominated
2015	Leonardo DiCaprio	The Revenant	Won
Academy Award for Best Actress
2003	Naomi Watts	21 Grams	Nominated
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
2003	Benicio del Toro	21 Grams	Nominated
2014	Edward Norton	Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)	Nominated
2015	Tom Hardy	The Revenant	Nominated
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
2006	Adriana Barraza	Babel	Nominated
	Rinko Kikuchi		Nominated
2014	Emma Stone	Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)	Nominated

See also

• Cinema of Mexico
• Cha Cha Cha Films
• List of directors with two or more Academy Awards for Best Director

References

1. "THE 73RD ACADEMY AWARDS - 2001". Oscars.org. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
2. Tapley, Khristopher (29 October 2017). "Oscars: Alejandro G. Inarritu's Virtual Reality Installation Carne y Arena to Receive Special Award". Variety.
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4. Orlova-Alvarez, Tamara; Alvarez, Joe (27 February 2019). "Alejandro González Iñárritu The Jury President of 72nd Cannes Film Festival". Ikon London Magazine. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
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7. Hirschberg, Lynn (18 March 2001). "A New Mexican". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
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9. Romney, Jonathan. "Alejandro González Iñárritu: 'When you see The Revenant you will say "Wow"'". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
10. "Alejandro Gonzalez Iñárritu: What I've Learned". Esquire. 12 January 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
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29. Mitchell, Elvis (2014). "Alejandro González Iñárritu". Interview. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
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External links

• Alejandro González Iñárritu at IMDb
• Alejandro González Iñárritu at AllMovie
• Alejandro González Iñárritu at Rotten Tomatoes