Ampulicidae

The Ampulicidae, or cockroach wasps, are a small (about 170 species), primarily tropical family of sphecoid wasps, all of which use various cockroaches as prey for their larvae. They tend to have elongated jaws, pronounced neck-like constrictions behind the head, strongly petiolate abdomens, and deep grooves on the thorax. Many are quite ant-like in appearance, though some are brilliant metallic blue or green.

Cockroach wasps
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous–Present
Ampulex compressa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Superfamily: Apoidea
Family: Ampulicidae
Shuckard, 1840

Most species sting the roach more than once and in a specific way. The first sting is directed at nerve ganglia in the cockroach's thorax, temporarily paralyzing the victim for a few minutes - more than enough time for the wasp to deliver a second sting. The second sting is directed into a region of the cockroach's brain that controls the escape reflex, among other things.[1] When the cockroach has recovered from the first sting, it makes no attempt to flee. The wasp clips the antenna with its mandibles and drinks some of the haemolymph before walking backwards and dragging the roach by its clipped antenna to steer it to a burrow, where an egg will be laid on it. The wasp larva feeds on the subdued, living cockroach.

Classification

Classification of Ampulicidae follows the Catalog of Sphecidae by Wojciech J. Pulawski, California Academy of Sciences:[2]

Ampulicinae

  • Ampulicini
    • Ampulex – 132 species, found worldwide
    • Trirogma – 7 species from Asia

Dolichurinae

  • Aphelotomini
    • Aphelotoma – 8 species from Australia
    • Riekefella – 1 species from Australia
  • Dolichurini
    • Dolichurus – 50 species, found worldwide
    • Paradolichurus – 4 species from the New World

References
  1. Piper, Ross (2007), Extraordinary Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals, Greenwood Press.
  2. Pulawski, Wojciech. "Catalog of Sphecidae: Family group names and classification" (PDF). California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.