Auzet

Auzet is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.

Auzet
Commune
The Col de Fanget
Coat of arms
Location of Auzet
Auzet
Auzet
Coordinates: 44°17′42″N 6°19′04″E
CountryFrance
RegionProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
DepartmentAlpes-de-Haute-Provence
ArrondissementDigne-les-Bains
CantonSeyne
IntercommunalityProvence-Alpes Agglomération
Government
 • Mayor (2014-2020) Roger Isoard
Area
1
34.53 km2 (13.33 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
98
 • Density2.8/km2 (7.4/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
04017 /04140
Elevation1,068–2,028 m (3,504–6,654 ft)
(avg. 1,180 m or 3,870 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Auzetans or Auzetanes.[2]

Geography

Auzet is located some 45 km north-east of Sisteron and 35 km west by south-west of Barcelonnette. Access to the commune is by the D7 road from Seyne in the north which passes through the length of the commune and the village and joins the D900A on the southern border of the commune. Apart from the village there are the hamlets of L'Infernet, L'Infernet Haut, and L'Infernet Bas north of the village. The commune is very rugged with snow-capped mountains and forested slopes with 1,168 hectares of forest.[3][4]

Numerous streams rise mostly in the north of the commune and flow south: the Grave river rises in the north of the commune and gathers countless tributaries as it flows south to join the Bés on the southern border; on the western side the Ravin de Gau, the Ravin de Garnier, the Grave des Planes, and the Ravin du Passavoux all converge with other tributaries to join the Grave; in the east the Ravin du Tourondet, the Ravin du Mairague, and the Ravin du Lausier all flow south and merge to form the Ruisseau de Compolin which continues south to join the Mardaric south of the commune.[4]

The area of the commune is 3,453 hectares and its altitude varies between 1,068 and 2,028 metres.[5] The village is located at 1,180 m above sea level. The highest peaks are the Tête Grosse (Big Head) (2032 m), Clot de Bouc (1962 m) and the cols of Fanget (1459 m) and Grangeasse.

Natural and technological hazards

None of the 200 communes in the department is in a no seismic risk zone. The Canton of Seyne to which Auzet belongs is zone 1b (low risk) according to the deterministic classification of 1991, which is based on the historical seismic activities,[6] and zone 4 (medium risk) according to the probabilistic classification EC8 of 2011.[7] Auzet is also exposed to four other natural hazards:

  • avalanche
  • wildfire
  • flood
  • landslide

Auzet is not exposed to any risk of technological origin identified by the prefecture.[8]

No risk prevention plan for foreseeable natural risks (PPR)[8] exists for the commune and there is no DICRIM.[9]

Habitat

In 2013 the commune built two certified passive buildings (heating needs are less than 15 kilowatts m²/year) with four housing units at 1200 m altitude.[10]

The passive concept is the most advanced in the world and is the only one which can dispense with conventional heating. The heating power is provided by 10w/m2 of fresh air (ventilation).

Neighbouring communes and villages

[4]

Toponymy

The name Auzet appears for the first time in charters of 1058 under the name Ausitum.[11] In referring to sheep belonging to the Abbey of Saint Victor, Marseille, it appeared as Alisino in 814 with forty inhabitants.[12]

History

In 1958 loggers discovered a deposit of iron and bronze objects dating from the La Tène period: spearheads, knives, and bits for horses.[13]

In 1351 reference was made to the community, or rather to its chaplain, indicating that the priest of the church did not depend on an Abbey.[12] From the 13th to the 18th century there was a mill in the ravine of Saint Andrieu.[12]

The death of Queen Joanna I re-opened a succession crisis at the head of the County of Provence with the cities of the Aix Union (1382-1387) supporting Charles de Duras against Louis I of Anjou. The Auzet community supported Duras until 1386 then switched sides to join the Angevins through patient negotiation by Marie of Blois, widow of Louis I and regent for their son Louis II.[14]

In the 18th century a fair was held in Auzet.[15]

During the French Revolution the commune had a patriotic society formed after the end of 1792.[16]

In the 19th century Auzet was one of the last towns in the region to develop a school: in the survey of 1863 it was among the 17 communes in the department (245) not to possess one and awaited the Jules Ferry laws to install it.[17]

During the Second World War a colony of Jewish children at the Col du Fanget was saved.[18] Joseph Isoard and his brother Armand with their wives Julie and Simone saved Jews from deportation and were therefore distinguished as Righteous among the Nations.[19][20][21][22]

Heraldry
Arms of Auzet
 Blazon:

Or, a bell Azure clapper Argent between three oaks of Vert 2 and 1.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[23]

FromToNamePartyPosition
19892020Roger IssouardPCF

(Not all data is known)

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 98 inhabitants.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 308—    
1800 300−0.38%
1806 256−2.61%
1821 302+1.11%
1831 300−0.07%
1836 293−0.47%
1841 287−0.41%
1846 270−1.21%
1851 260−0.75%
1856 267+0.53%
1861 287+1.46%
1866 278−0.64%
1872 279+0.06%
1876 258−1.94%
1881 243−1.19%
1886 253+0.81%
1891 255+0.16%
1896 244−0.88%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 232−1.00%
1906 243+0.93%
1911 228−1.27%
1921 178−2.45%
1926 156−2.60%
1931 151−0.65%
1936 138−1.78%
1946 120−1.39%
1954 128+0.81%
1962 111−1.77%
1968 96−2.39%
1975 73−3.84%
1982 67−1.22%
1990 73+1.08%
1999 87+1.97%
2007 82−0.74%
2012 90+1.88%
2017 98+1.72%
Source: EHESS[24] and INSEE[25]

Economy

Overview

In 2017 the active population stood at 45 people including 7 unemployed. These workers are mostly self-employed (58%) and mostly work outside the commune (58%). Most of the employees in the commune have jobs in trade and services with 12 positions.[26]

At the end of 2015 businesses active in the commune were mainly agricultural (7 out of 22 businesses) and the tertiary sector (8 out of 22).[26]

Agriculture

At the end of 2010 the primary sector (agriculture, forestry, fisheries) had 7 businesses.[26]

The number of farms, according to the Agreste survey by the Ministry of Agriculture, was 7 in 2010, all livestock.[27] Auzet had suffered a severe loss of farms, losing six of the ten farms present in the commune from 1988 to 2000.[28] The utilized agricultural area (UAA) has increased from 418 hectares in 1988 to 728 hectares in 2010 distributed among cattle (656 ha) and sheep (71 ha).[27]

Auzet is included in the area of the label Apples of Alpes de Haute-Durance.

Industry

At the end of 2010 the secondary sector (industry and construction) had three businesses employing no people.[26]

Service activities

At the end of 2010 the tertiary sector (trades and services) had eight businesses (employing a total of 12 people) plus four institutions in the administrative sector, health and social (one employee).[26]

The main employer is a school of music - the Music and Environment Centre Fontaine de l’Ours created in 1997.[29]

According to the Departmental Observatory of tourism, tourism is very important for the commune with more than five tourist arrivals per capita.[30] Most of the accommodation capacity is non-market.[31] Several tourist accommodation structures exist in the commune:

  • several furnished;[32]
  • some cottages;[33]
  • several collective accommodation are present including a cottage.[34]

It is nevertheless second homes that weigh heaviest in the capacity of with 83 dwellings affected (59% of homes are second homes).[26][35]

Local culture and heritage

The Parish Church, under the patronage of Saint Andrew and Saint Bartholomew,[12] was built in the 15th or 16th century[11] near Riou but was engulfed by a flood that deposited a lot of gravel in 1787, then again in 1807. Despite some partial cleanup work it became very damp. It was demolished in March 1872 and its reconstruction was completed in 1874. The current nave is 11 m long, 6 m wide and 8.5 m high; the chevet is 6.4 m long. The spire rises to 22.8 m in height.[36] The church contains a silver Ciborium (17th century) which is registered as an historical object.[37]

The Water gap of Verdaches where an ancient cache of arms was found in 1958.[38]

See also

Bibliography
  • Under the direction of Édouard Baratier, Georges Duby, and Ernest Hildesheimer, Historical Atlas Provence, County of Venaissin, Principality of Orange, County of Nice, Principality of Monaco, Librairie Armand Colin, Paris, 1969 (in French)
  • Raymond Collier, Haute-Provence monumental and artistic, Digne, Imprimerie Louis Jean, 1986, 559 p. (in French)
  • Jeanne Sicard, "The tribulations of the little church of Auzet", in Chronicles of Haute-Provence, Bulletin de la Société scientifique littéraire des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, No. 304, 1987 p. 117-126

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Inhabitants of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (in French)
  3. Roger Brunet, Canton of Seyne, Le Trésor des régions, consulted on 8 June 2013 (in French)
  4. Google Maps
  5. Geographic repertoire of communes Archived 2015-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, published by IGN (in French)
  6. Prefecture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Departmental Dossier on the major risks in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (DDRM), 2008, p. 39 (in French)
  7. Ministry of Ecology, sustainable development, transport, and housing, Communal Notice Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine on the Gaspar database, put online 27 May 2011, consulted on 30 June 2012 (in French)
  8. Prefecture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, DDRM, opcit, p. 95 (in French)
  9. Search page Archived May 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Dicrim database, consulted on 30 June 2011
  10. Michel Simon, Passive houses at altitude, La Marseillaise, 14 July 2013, p. 10 (in French)
  11. Under the direction of Édouard Baratier, Georges Duby, and Ernest Hildesheimer, Historical Atlas Provence, County of Venaissin, Principality of Orange, County of Nice, Principality of Monaco, Librairie Armand Colin, Paris, 1969, p. 162 (in French)
  12. Daniel Thiery, Auzet, On the origins of churches and rural chapels of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, published on 12 December 2010, put online 11 December 2010, consulted on 30 June 2012 (in French)
  13. François Salviat, Provence-Côte-d'Azur-Corse (Northern region), Gallia, Vol. 25, No. 2, 1967, p. 383 (in French)
  14. Geneviève Xhayet, Supporters and adversaries of Louis of Anjou during the war with the Union of Aix Archived 2015-07-23 at the Wayback Machine, Provence historique, Fédération historique de Provence, volume 40, No. 162, "Author of the war of the Union d'Aix", 1990, Maps pp. 417-418 and 419 (in French)
  15. Baratier and Hilsdesheimer, Map 122: The Fairs (1713-1789), in Baratier, Duby & Hildesheimer, opcit (in French)
  16. Patrice Alphand, "The Popular Societies", The Revolution in the Lower Alpes, Annals of Haute-Provence, bulletin of the société scientifique et littéraire des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, No. 307, 1st trimester 1989, 108th year, p 296-298 (in French)
  17. Jean-Christophe Labadie (director), The School houses, Digne-les-Bains, Departmental Archives of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, 2013, ISBN 978-2-86-004-015-0, p. 9 & 11 (in French)
  18. Michel de La Torre, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: the complete guide to 200 communes, Paris, Deslogis-Lacoste, coll. Towns and villages of France, 1989, Relié, 72 p. (non-paginated) (ISBN 2-7399-5004-7) (in French)
  19. Article "Joseph Isoard" on the Anonymous, Just, and persecuted during the Nazi period in the communes of France, consulted on 5 October 2008 (in French)
  20. Article "Armand Isoard" on the Anonymous, Just, and persecuted during the Nazi period in the communes of France, consulted on 5 October 2008 (in French)
  21. Article "Julie Isoard" on the Anonymous, Just, and persecuted during the Nazi period in the communes of France, consulted on 5 October 2008 (in French)
  22. Article "Simone Isoard" on the Anonymous, Just, and persecuted during the Nazi period in the communes of France, consulted on 5 October 2008 (in French)
  23. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  24. Données Cassini, EHESS
  25. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  26. Dossier complet: Commune d'Auzet (04017), INSEE, consulted on 7 September 2020 (in French).
  27. Ministry of Agriculture, "Techno-economic Orientation of farming", Agricultural census of 2010 and 2000. (Download zip file (4.4mB) (in French)
  28. Insee, Agricultural enterprises in 1988 and 2000, Insee, 2012 (7.4 Mb) (in French)
  29. Community of communes of Pays de Seyne, A mountain village Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine, Commune of Auzet, put online 14 February 2013, consulted on 19 February 2013 (in French)
  30. Departmental Observatory of tourism, Atlas of tourist accommodation, December 2008, p. 6 (in French)
  31. Atlas of tourist accommodation, p. 7 (in French)
  32. Atlas of tourist accommodation, p. 32 et 36 (in French)
  33. Atlas of tourist accommodation, p. 38 (in French)
  34. Atlas of tourist accommodation, p. 29-30 (in French)
  35. Insee, Tourist accommodation in communes, 2008, 2009, and 2012, INSEE, 2012 (4.1 Mb) (in French)
  36. Jeanne Sicard, Chronicles of Haute-Provence, No. 304 (in French)
  37. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM04000651 Ciborium (in French)
  38. R. Moulin, "An Archaeological enigma: the cache of antique arms in the Water gap of Verdaches", in Bulletin of the Société scientifique littéraire des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, No. 292 (in French)
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