Bombesin

Bombesin is a 14-amino acid peptide[1] originally isolated from the skin of the European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina).[2] It has two known homologs in mammals called neuromedin B and gastrin-releasing peptide. It stimulates gastrin release from G cells. It activates three different G-protein-coupled receptors known as BBR1, -2, and -3.[3] It also activates these receptors in the brain. Together with cholecystokinin, it is the second major source of negative feedback signals that stop eating behaviour.[4]

Bombesin

Names
Other names Pyr-Gln-Arg-Leu-Gly-Asn-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Leu-Met-NH2
Identifiers
CAS Number	31362-50-2
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEMBL	ChEMBL437027
ChemSpider	17290379
IUPHAR/BPS	616
PubChem CID	16133800
UNII	PX9AZU7QPK
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1037149
InChI InChI=1S/C71H110N24O18S/c1-34(2)24-47(92-62(105)43(14-11-22-79-71(76)77)89-64(107)45(15-18-52(72)96)90-63(106)44-17-20-55(99)85-44)61(104)81-31-56(100)87-51(28-54(74)98)69(112)91-46(16-19-53(73)97)65(108)94-49(26-38-29-80-41-13-10-9-12-40(38)41)66(109)84-37(7)60(103)95-58(36(5)6)70(113)82-32-57(101)86-50(27-39-30-78-33-83-39)68(111)93-48(25-35(3)4)67(110)88-42(59(75)102)21-23-114-8/h9-10,12-13,29-30,33-37,42-51,58,80H,11,14-28,31-32H2,1-8H3,(H2,72,96)(H2,73,97)(H2,74,98)(H2,75,102)(H,78,83)(H,81,104)(H,82,113)(H,84,109)(H,85,99)(H,86,101)(H,87,100)(H,88,110)(H,89,107)(H,90,106)(H,91,112)(H,92,105)(H,93,111)(H,94,108)(H,95,103)(H4,76,77,79)/t37-,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,51-,58-/m0/s1 Key: QXZBMSIDSOZZHK-DOPDSADYSA-N InChI=1/C71H110N24O18S/c1-34(2)24-47(92-62(105)43(14-11-22-79-71(76)77)89-64(107)45(15-18-52(72)96)90-63(106)44-17-20-55(99)85-44)61(104)81-31-56(100)87-51(28-54(74)98)69(112)91-46(16-19-53(73)97)65(108)94-49(26-38-29-80-41-13-10-9-12-40(38)41)66(109)84-37(7)60(103)95-58(36(5)6)70(113)82-32-57(101)86-50(27-39-30-78-33-83-39)68(111)93-48(25-35(3)4)67(110)88-42(59(75)102)21-23-114-8/h9-10,12-13,29-30,33-37,42-51,58,80H,11,14-28,31-32H2,1-8H3,(H2,72,96)(H2,73,97)(H2,74,98)(H2,75,102)(H,78,83)(H,81,104)(H,82,113)(H,84,109)(H,85,99)(H,86,101)(H,87,100)(H,88,110)(H,89,107)(H,90,106)(H,91,112)(H,92,105)(H,93,111)(H,94,108)(H,95,103)(H4,76,77,79)/t37-,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,51-,58-/m0/s1 Key: QXZBMSIDSOZZHK-DOPDSADYBX
SMILES [H]/N=C(\N)/NCCC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1c[nH]c2c1cccc2)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](Cc3c[nH]cn3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@@H]4CCC(=O)N4
Properties
Chemical formula	C71H110N24O18S
Molar mass	1619.85
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Bombesin is also a tumor marker for small cell carcinoma of lung, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and neuroblastoma.[5]

See also

• Gastrin-releasing peptide
• Neuromedin B
• Neuromedin U

References

1. Gonzalez N, Moody TW, Igarashi H, Ito T, Jensen RT (February 2008). "Bombesin-related peptides and their receptors: recent advances in their role in physiology and disease states". Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity. 15 (1): 58–64. doi:10.1097/MED.0b013e3282f3709b. PMC 2631407. PMID 18185064.
2. Anastasi, A., Erspamer, V. & Bucci, M. Isolation and structure of bombesin and alytesin, two analogous active peptides from the skin of the european amphibiansBombina andAlytes . Experientia 27, 166–167 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02145873 }}
3. Weber HC (February 2009). "Regulation and signaling of human bombesin receptors and their biological effects". Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity. 16 (1): 66–71. doi:10.1097/med.0b013e32831cf5aa. PMID 19115523.
4. Yamada K, Wada E, Wada K (November 2000). "Bombesin-like peptides: studies on food intake and social behaviour with receptor knock-out mice". Annals of Medicine. 32 (8): 519–29. doi:10.3109/07853890008998831. PMID 11127929.
5. Ohlsson B, Fredäng N, Axelson J (December 1999). "The effect of bombesin, cholecystokinin, gastrin, and their antagonists on proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell lines". Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. 34 (12): 1224–9. doi:10.1080/003655299750024742. PMID 10636070.