Brassica carinata

Brassica carinata is a species of flowering plant in the Brassicaceae family.[1][2] It is referred to by the common names Ethiopian rape,[3] Ethiopian mustard, and Abyssinian mustard. It is believed to be a hybrid between Brassica nigra and Brassica oleracea.[4]

Brassica carinata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Brassicales
Family: Brassicaceae
Genus: Brassica
Species:
B. carinata
Binomial name
Brassica carinata
Synonyms[1]

Brassica timoriana F.Muell.
Sinabraca carinata (A.Braun) G.H.Loos
Sinapis abyssinica A.Braun ex Regel

The flowers attract honey bees to collect pollen and nectar.

Leaf uses

The plant has a mild flavor, and is eaten as a leaf vegetable. It is known as habesha gomen, (Ethiopic: ሐበሻ ጎመን) in Amharic.[5] Named varieties include Texsel, which is particularly adapted to temperate climates.[6] Cultivation of Ethiopia mustard as leaf vegetable is limited to small-scale production but it is slowly gaining popularity in rural as well as urban areas where commercial production is taking place.[7]

Seed uses

Although Brassica carinata is cultivated as an oilseed crop in Ethiopia,[8] it has high levels of undesirable glucosinolates and erucic acid.[9] The closely related Brassica napus (Rapeseed) is considered a better oilseed crop in comparison.

Brassica carinata has been used to develop an aviation biofuel for jet engines.[10] On October 29, 2012, the first flight of a jet aircraft powered completely by biofuel, made from Brassica carinata, was completed.[11][12] The byproduct of Brassica carinata oil production is utilized in protein meal for animal fodder.[13]

Industrial application

The oil quality profile includes a high percentage of erucic acid (40–45 %) making it highly desirable as a biofuel and for industrial applications such as production of plastics, lubricants, paints, leather tanning, soaps, and cosmetics.[14]

References
  1. "Brassica carinata A.Braun". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
  2. "Brassica carinata A.Braun". World Flora Online. The World Flora Online Consortium. n.d. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
  3. "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. Prakash, S. and Hinata, K. (1980), "Taxonomy, cytogenetics and origin of crop Brassicas, a review", Opera Botanica, 55:1-57
  5. Zemede Asfaw, "Conservation and use of traditional vegetables in Ethiopia" Archived 2012-07-07 at the Wayback Machine, Proceedings of the IPGRI International Workshop on Genetic Resources of Traditional Vegetables in Africa (Nairobi, 29–31 August 1995)
  6. Plants for a Future (2008-06-10). "Brassica carinata".
  7. Bihn, Elizabeth A.; Reiners, Stephen (2018-02-16), "Good Agricultural Practices and Good Manufacturing Practices for Vegetable Production", Handbook of Vegetables and Vegetable Processing, Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 109–134, ISBN 978-1-119-09893-5, retrieved 2020-09-29
  8. Alemaheyu, N. and Becker, H. (2002), "Genotypic diversity and patterns of variation in a germplasm material of Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun)", Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 49(6):573-582
  9. Getinet, A., Rakow, G., Raney, J. P. and Downey, R. K.(1997) "Glucosinolate content in interspecific crosses of Brassica carinata with B. juncea and B. napus", Plant Breeding 116 (1):39–46
  10. Lane, James (18 April 2012), "Tinker, tailor, sailor, fly", BioFuels Digest, retrieved 31 January 2015
  11. http://www.asdnews.com/news-46032/First_solely-biofuel_jet_flight_raises_clean_travel_hopes.htm
  12. "NRC Flies World's First Civil Jet Powered by 100 Percent Biofuel". Aero-news Network. 7 November 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
  13. Pratt, Sean (11 May 2017). "Firm eager to ride the 'canola train' with carinata". The Western Producer. Retrieved 29 January 2018.
  14. Kumar, Shivendra; Seepaul, Ramdeo; Mulvaney, Michael J.; Colvin, Blaire; George, Sheeja; Marois, Jim J.; Bennett, Rick; Leon, Ramon; Wright, David L.; Small, Ian M. (August 2020). "Brassica carinata genotypes demonstrate potential as a winter biofuel crop in South East United States". Industrial Crops and Products. 150: 112353. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112353.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.