EXT1

Exostosin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EXT1 gene.[4]

EXT1
Identifiers
Aliases	EXT1, EXT, LGCR, LGS, TRPS2, TTV, exostosin glycosyltransferase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 608177 MGI: 894663 HomoloGene: 30957 GeneCards: EXT1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 8 (human)[1] Band 8q24.11 Start 117,794,490 bp[1] End 118,111,853 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • transferase activity • heparan sulfate N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity • acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity • protein homodimerization activity • transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups • N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity • glucuronosyltransferase activity • glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity • metal ion binding • protein heterodimerization activity Cellular component • integral component of membrane • Golgi apparatus • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • membrane • Golgi membrane • integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane • endoplasmic reticulum Biological process • skeletal system development • heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process, polysaccharide chain biosynthetic process • endoderm development • embryonic skeletal joint development • ossification • heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process • axon guidance • protein glycosylation • brain development • gastrulation • olfactory bulb development • mesoderm development • cellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process • signal transduction • glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2131	14042
Ensembl	ENSG00000182197	ENSMUSG00000061731
UniProt	Q16394	P97464
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000127	NM_010162
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000118	NP_034292
Location (UCSC)	Chr 8: 117.79 – 118.11 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[2]	[3]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes one of the two endoplasmic reticulum-resident type II transmembrane glycosyltransferase – the other being EXT2 – which are involved in the chain elongation step of heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene cause the type I form of Multiple Exostoses.[4]

Interactions

EXT1 has been shown to interact with TRAP1.[5]

See also

• Langer-Giedion syndrome
• Hereditary multiple exostoses type 1

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182197 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
3. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Entrez Gene: EXT1 exostoses (multiple) 1".
5. Simmons, A D; Musy M M; Lopes C S; Hwang L Y; Yang Y P; Lovett M (Nov 1999). "A direct interaction between EXT proteins and glycosyltransferases is defective in hereditary multiple exostoses". Hum. Mol. Genet. ENGLAND. 8 (12): 2155–64. doi:10.1093/hmg/8.12.2155. ISSN 0964-6906. PMID 10545594.

Further reading

• Wuyts W, Van Hul W (2000). "Molecular basis of multiple exostoses: mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes". Hum. Mutat. 15 (3): 220–7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(200003)15:3<220::AID-HUMU2>3.0.CO;2-K. PMID 10679937.
• Duncan G, McCormick C, Tufaro F (2001). "The link between heparan sulfate and hereditary bone disease: finding a function for the EXT family of putative tumor suppressor proteins". J. Clin. Invest. 108 (4): 511–6. doi:10.1172/JCI13737. PMC 209410. PMID 11518722.
• Ogle RF, Dalzell P, Turner G, et al. (1992). "Multiple exostoses in a patient with t(8;11)(q24.11;p15.5)". J. Med. Genet. 28 (12): 881–3. doi:10.1136/jmg.28.12.881. PMC 1017169. PMID 1757967.
• Ahn J, Lüdecke HJ, Lindow S, et al. (1995). "Cloning of the putative tumour suppressor gene for hereditary multiple exostoses (EXT1)". Nat. Genet. 11 (2): 137–43. doi:10.1038/ng1095-137. PMID 7550340. S2CID 39272385.
• Cook A, Raskind W, Blanton SH, et al. (1993). "Genetic heterogeneity in families with hereditary multiple exostoses". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 53 (1): 71–9. PMC 1682231. PMID 8317501.
• Hou J, Parrish J, Lüdecke HJ, et al. (1996). "A 4-megabase YAC contig that spans the Langer-Giedion syndrome region on human chromosome 8q24.1: use in refining the location of the trichorhinophalangeal syndrome and multiple exostoses genes (TRPS1 and EXT1)". Genomics. 29 (1): 87–97. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1218. PMID 8530105.
• Hecht JT, Hogue D, Wang Y, et al. (1997). "Hereditary multiple exostoses (EXT): mutational studies of familial EXT1 cases and EXT-associated malignancies". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 60 (1): 80–6. PMC 1712567. PMID 8981950.
• Lüdecke HJ, Ahn J, Lin X, et al. (1997). "Genomic organization and promoter structure of the human EXT1 gene". Genomics. 40 (2): 351–4. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.4577. PMID 9119404.
• Philippe C, Porter DE, Emerton ME, et al. (1997). "Mutation screening of the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in patients with hereditary multiple exostoses". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 61 (3): 520–8. doi:10.1086/515505. PMC 1715939. PMID 9326317.
• Wuyts W, Van Hul W, De Boulle K, et al. (1998). "Mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in hereditary multiple exostoses". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62 (2): 346–54. doi:10.1086/301726. PMC 1376901. PMID 9463333.
• Raskind WH, Conrad EU, Matsushita M, et al. (1998). "Evaluation of locus heterogeneity and EXT1 mutations in 34 families with hereditary multiple exostoses". Hum. Mutat. 11 (3): 231–9. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1998)11:3<231::AID-HUMU8>3.0.CO;2-K. PMID 9521425.
• McCormick C, Leduc Y, Martindale D, et al. (1998). "The putative tumour suppressor EXT1 alters the expression of cell-surface heparan sulfate". Nat. Genet. 19 (2): 158–61. doi:10.1038/514. PMID 9620772. S2CID 25832441.
• Lin X, Gan L, Klein WH, Wells D (1998). "Expression and functional analysis of mouse EXT1, a homolog of the human multiple exostoses type 1 gene". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 248 (3): 738–43. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9050. PMID 9703997.
• Lind T, Tufaro F, McCormick C, et al. (1998). "The putative tumor suppressors EXT1 and EXT2 are glycosyltransferases required for the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (41): 26265–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.41.26265. PMID 9756849.
• Bovée JV, Cleton-Jansen AM, Wuyts W, et al. (1999). "EXT-mutation analysis and loss of heterozygosity in sporadic and hereditary osteochondromas and secondary chondrosarcomas". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65 (3): 689–98. doi:10.1086/302532. PMC 1377975. PMID 10441575.
• Xu L, Xia J, Jiang H, et al. (1999). "Mutation analysis of hereditary multiple exostoses in the Chinese". Hum. Genet. 105 (1–2): 45–50. doi:10.1007/s004390051062. PMID 10480354.
• Simmons AD, Musy MM, Lopes CS, et al. (1999). "A direct interaction between EXT proteins and glycosyltransferases is defective in hereditary multiple exostoses". Hum. Mol. Genet. 8 (12): 2155–64. doi:10.1093/hmg/8.12.2155. PMID 10545594.
• McCormick C, Duncan G, Goutsos KT, Tufaro F (2000). "The putative tumor suppressors EXT1 and EXT2 form a stable complex that accumulates in the Golgi apparatus and catalyzes the synthesis of heparan sulfate". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (2): 668–73. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97..668M. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.2.668. PMC 15388. PMID 10639137.
• Kobayashi S, Morimoto K, Shimizu T, et al. (2000). "Association of EXT1 and EXT2, hereditary multiple exostoses gene products, in Golgi apparatus". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 268 (3): 860–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2219. PMID 10679296.

External links

• Multiple Hereditary Exostoses Research Foundation