Fred Upton

Frederick Stephen Upton (born April 23, 1953) is an American politician serving as the U.S. Representative for Michigan's 6th congressional district, since 1987. The district, numbered as the 4th district from 1987 to 1993, is based in Kalamazoo and stretches along the Michigan-Indiana border in the southwestern part of the state. A member of the Republican Party and former Chairman of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, he has played a major role in shaping post-Obamacare health-care legislation. Congressman Upton is the first and only Representative in American history to vote in favor of impeachment of two U.S. presidents; he voted for the impeachment of Bill Clinton in 1998 and for Donald Trump during his second impeachment in 2021.

Fred Upton
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Michigan
Incumbent
Assumed office January 3, 1987
Preceded by	Mark D. Siljander
Constituency	4th district (1987–1993) 6th district (1993–present)
Chair of the House Energy and Commerce Committee
In office January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2017
Preceded by	Henry Waxman
Succeeded by	Greg Walden
Personal details
Born	Frederick Stephen Upton April 23, 1953 St. Joseph, Michigan, U.S.
Political party	Republican
Spouse(s)	Amey Rulon-Miller ​ (m. 1983)​
Children	2
Relatives	Louis Upton (grand-uncle) Kate Upton (niece)
Education	University of Michigan (BA)
Net worth	$11 million (2018)[1]
Website	House website

Following the retirement of Sander Levin at the end of the 115th Congress, Upton became the dean of Michigan's congressional delegation. In the 116th Congress, he is a co-chair of the House moderate Republican faction, the Tuesday Group, alongside Susan Brooks and John Katko.[2]

Early life, education, and early political career

Upton was born in St. Joseph, Michigan, the son of Elizabeth B. (née Vial) and Stephen Edward Upton.[3] Upton attended Shattuck-Saint Mary's, graduating in 1971.[4] He earned a B.A. in journalism from the University of Michigan in 1975. He was a member of the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity, Peninsular Chapter and became a sports editor at The Michigan Daily and thought he might someday cover the Chicago Cubs.[5] He served on the congressional staff of U.S. Congressman David Stockman (R-MI) from 1976 to 1980. He was in the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under Ronald Reagan from 1981 to 1985, while Stockman served as OMB Director.[6]

U.S. House of Representatives

Upton during the 100th Congress

Upton with President Ronald Reagan in 1988

1986

Upton ran in Michigan's 4th congressional district against incumbent Republican U.S. Congressman Mark Siljander, Stockman's successor. Upton won the Republican primary 55%–45%.[7] He won the general election with 62% of the vote.[8]

1988

Upton won re-election to a second term with 71% of the vote.[9]

1990

Upton faced a challenge in the Republican primary by Ed Fredericks, ultimately defeating Fredericks by a margin of 63%–37%.[10] In the general election, he won re-election to a third term with 58% of the vote.[11]

2000

After redistricting, Upton decided to run in the newly redrawn Michigan's 6th congressional district, winning re-election in 1992 to a fourth term with 62% of the vote.[12]

2002

After redistricting, Upton faced a primary challenge from state senator Dale Shugars. Upton defeated Shugars 66%–32%.[13] He won the general election with 69% of the vote.[14]

2004

Upton defeated Democrat Scott Elliott, an art gallery owner, 65%–32%.[15]

2006

Upton defeated Democratic challenger Kim Clark 61%–38%.[16]

2008

Upton defeated Democratic challenger Don Cooney, a Kalamazoo City Commissioner, 59%–39%.[17]

2010

Upton was challenged in the Republican primary by former State Representative Jack Hoogendyk. Upton defeated him 57%–43%.[18] In the general election, he defeated Cooney in a rematch 62%–34%.[19]

2012

In 2011, Hoogendyk met with the Club for Growth, a conservative 501(c)4 organization, about running against Upton in a rematch in 2012.[20] Upton has been criticized for not being conservative enough by Rush Limbaugh, Glenn Beck, FreedomWorks, Right to Life of Michigan, and the Southwest Michigan Tea Party Patriots.[21] On January 17, 2012, Hoogendyk announced that he would challenge Upton in the primary, the winner of which would face Democrat Mike O'Brien in the general election.[22][23]

While initial polls showed Upton with a sizable lead over the challenger, former marine and businessman Mike O'Brien, a poll in October showed Upton and O'Brien locked in a dead heat heading into the final stretch of the campaign.[24][25]

2014

Upton won with 55.9% of the vote, defeating Democrat Paul Clements, Libertarian Erwin Haas, and Green Party candidate John Lawrence.

2016

Upton won reelection in 2016, defeating Democratic challenger, Paul Clements, a political science professor at Western Michigan University, 58.48%–36.41%, gaining a total of 193,259 votes, compared to Clements 119,980 votes.

2018

Upton won reelection with 50.2% of the vote against Democratic candidate Matt Longjohn (45.75%) and U.S. Taxpayers Party candidate Stephen Young (4.1%).[26]

2020

Upton won reelection with 55.89% of the vote against Democratic candidate Jon Hoadley (40.19%), Libertarian Party candidate Jeff Depoy (2.75%), and Green Party candidate John Lawrence (1.17%). [27]

Tenure

Upton has been a member of moderate Republican factions The Tuesday Group and the Republican Main Street Partnership.[28] On February 4, 2021, Upton joined 10 other Republican House members voting with all voting Democrats to strip Marjorie Taylor Greene of her House Education and Labor Committee, and House Budget Committee assignments in response to controversial political statements she had made.[29]

Healthcare

Upton voted against passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and has since voted in favor of its complete repeal, stating that the law ignored the will of the people and that a bill that important should not have been passed without strong bipartisan support. He believes that with the current level of United States public debt, the country cannot afford the ACA. In November 2013, in response to Americans losing their health insurance coverage because of the ACA, Upton proposed a bill what would allow them to retain their health insurance coverage.[30] The essence of the Upton bill is to allow insurance companies to maintain their current individual insurance market policies according to state insurance rules that are in effect as of 2013.[31]

In November 2013, Upton introduced the Keep Your Health Plan Act, which would let health-care insurers continue to sell plans that did not meet the ACA's "essential health benefits" standard. It passed the House with support from 39 Democrats plus all but four Republicans, but did not become law. In an article for USA Today, Upton explained that he had heard from "countless constituents in Michigan" who, despite President Obama's promise that "If you like your health care plan, you'll be able to keep your health care plan", were "losing their coverage", as were "millions of Americans who took the president at his word and are now receiving insurance termination notices and alternatives that are often much more expensive."[32]

On September 27, 2013, Upton introduced the Drug Quality and Security Act (H.R. 3204; 113th Congress), a bill that would grant the Food and Drug Administration more power to regulate drug compounding in the wake of the New England Compounding Center meningitis outbreak.[33] Upton indicated that three of the deceased were from his district.[34] The bill passed in the House and was being debated in the Senate.

On December 13, 2016, President Obama signed Upton's 21st Century Cures Act [35] into law. The bill, co-sponsored by Upton and Diana DeGette (D-CO) passed the House 392 to 26 and the Senate 94 to 5. The act establishes funds for biomedical research and to develop and implement a strategic plan for biomedical research.[36]

In March 2017, Upton said: “Obamacare has not delivered on countless promises.” It was reported in April 2017 that Upton had “serious concerns” with President Donald Trump's proposed health-care law because it would mean “potential higher costs to those with pre-existing illnesses.” In May 2017, after the addition of a new amendment written by Upton that provided additional funds for those with pre-existing conditions, he said he would vote for the bill and said he believed it could now pass the House. In July, Upton was among a group of members from both parties who “unveiled a set of solutions” intended to improve health-care coverage.[37][38]

Environment and energy

In 2007 Upton was a co-sponsor of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 which among other things mandated phased-in energy efficiency standards for most light bulbs.[39] At the time, Upton noted that the legislation, ultimately signed into law by President George W. Bush, would "help preserve energy resources and reduce harmful emissions, all while saving American families billions of dollars on their electric bills."[40] Glenn Beck called Upton "all socialist" for supporting the 2007 bill.[41]

In April 2009, he maintained that "climate change is a serious problem that necessitates serious solutions. Everything must be on the table."[42] However, "Upton has gradually retreated from his moderate stance on climate change and carbon emissions."[43] Upton led a failed effort to stop the Obama Administration from enforcing the new energy standards.[40]

Upton's website once stated: "I strongly believe that everything must be on the table as we seek to reduce carbon emissions."[43] In late 2010, he co-authored a Wall Street Journal editorial saying he was "not convinced" that "carbon is a problem in need of regulation," and urging Congress to overturn Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency. (See regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act and climate change denial)[44]

He is the co-sponsor, with Ed Whitfield, of the "Energy Tax Prevention Act of 2011" H.R. 910.[45] Due to his environmental policies, The Los Angeles Times wrote in 2011 that Upton "represents one of the biggest threats to planet Earth on planet Earth."[46]

In 2012, Upton, as chairman of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, said that Congress's refusal to set greenhouse gas limits “constituted a decision and that lawmakers should act now to reverse the EPA emissions rules.” Carbon regulation, he said, “threatens to drive energy prices higher, destroy jobs and hamstring our economic recovery.”[47]

On October 22, 2013, Upton introduced the North American Energy Infrastructure Act (H.R. 3301; 113th Congress), a bill that would make changes to permitting requirements for pipelines and other energy infrastructure at international borders.[48][49] Upton said that the bill "is a sincere effort to focus a targeted solution to lessons learned from the Keystone Pipeline... No one can rightly argue that the current presidential permit process as the State Department is not broken, no matter what side of the climate debate you're on."[50](see global warming controversy) Upton also argued that "we're creating a fair and transparent approval process for cross-border energy projects, putting them all on a level playing field for the benefit of North American energy security, lower energy prices, and jobs."[51]

As of 2017, Upton has received more than $2 million in campaign donations from oil and gas companies and electric utilities over the course of his political career.[52]

In 2018, he joined the Climate Solutions Caucus.[53]

Technology

On September 29, 2006, Upton introduced the Video Game Decency Act (H.R. 6120) to the House during the 109th United States Congress.[54] The bill was introduced and referred to the House Energy and Commerce Committee, but never received consideration. Upton reintroduced a bill by the same title (H.R. 1531) in the 110th United States Congress, which was also referred to that committee and never received a vote.[55]

Upton introduced legislation to reverse the FCC's ruling on Net Neutrality in 2015.[56][57]

Gun policy

In 2019, Upton supported a bill that requires background checks for private firearm sales.[58] He has called for a bipartisan red flag law to be passed by Congress.[59]

Opioid crisis

In May 2018, Upton and Debbie Dingell (D-Dearborn) worked together on legislation designed to combat opioid addiction. Among other things, it would allocate funding for research into new, non-addictive pain relievers.[60]

LGBT rights

In 2013, Upton condemned controversial anti-gay remarks made by Republican National Committeeman David Agema of Michigan. Upton said in a statement: "There is never an acceptable time or place to tolerate discrimination."[61]

Fiscal issues

In the 111th session of Congress, Upton tabled $7,225,000 in federal funds through eleven earmarks,[62] but political pressure from inside of the Republican Party led Upton to announce his support for a Republican initiative to install a moratorium in Congress on legislative earmarks to reduce unnecessary budget expenditures and the fiscal deficit.[63] According to the Council of Citizens Against Government Waste, a taxpayer watchdog group, Upton refrained from all earmarking activities during the 112th Congress.[64]

Upton has been criticized by the conservative website Human Events for being liberal with regards to fiscal issues.[65] He has been recognized by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce with the "Spirit of Enterprise" award for "standing firmly against overreaching regulations and job-destroying mandates".[66] In 2019, during the 116th Congress, Upton broke with his party, one of seven Republicans siding with Democrats, by voting for legislation that would fund government services and end a shutdown.[67]

Donald Trump

As of August 2019, Upton has voted "in line with Trump positions" 84.8 percent of the time, according to the website FiveThirtyEight.com.[68]

In July 2019, Upton was one of four Republican House members to vote in support of a motion to condemn comments by President Trump made on Twitter calling on four Democratic Congresswomen, three of whom were born in the US, to "go back and help fix the totally broken and crime infested places from which they came."[69][70]

On December 18, 2019, Upton voted against both articles of impeachment against Trump.[71]

On January 12, 2021, Upton announced he would vote to impeach Trump in the pending vote on a second impeachment, following Trump's incitement of the storming of the U.S. Capitol building, becoming the fourth House Republican to say that they will vote to impeach.[72][73] He ultimately did so alongside nine other Republicans on January 13.[74] On January 21, the Allegan County Republican Party officially censured Upton for his vote to impeach Trump.[75]

Committee assignments

• Committee on Energy and Commerce

Caucus memberships

• Congressional Automotive Caucus[76] (Co-Vice Chair)
• Congressional Competitiveness Caucus[77]
• Congressional Travel and Tourism Caucus[77]
• Diabetes Caucus[77]
• India Caucus[77]
• Indian-Americans Caucus[77]
• United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus[78]
• Sportsmen's Caucus[77]
• Bipartisan Climate Solutions Caucus
• House Baltic Caucus[79]
• Congressional Arts Caucus[80]
• Tuesday Group[81]

Personal life

Upton's grandfather and namesake, Frederick Upton, was co-founder with his brother Louis Upton of appliance manufacturer and marketer Whirlpool Corporation, headquartered in Benton Harbor. He and his wife have two children.[82] Upton's niece is supermodel Kate Upton.[83][84] In 2014, Michigan Radio reported that Upton had a net worth of $7.3 million.[85]

Upton is a supporter of Michigan Wolverines athletics, as well as an enthusiastic Chicago Cubs baseball fan.[5] He is a member of the Emil Verban Society.[82]

Electoral history

See also

References

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27. 2018 election

    Upton won reelection with 50.2% of the vote against Democratic candidate Matt Longjohn (45.75%) and U.S. Taxpayers Party candidate Stephen Young (4.1%).
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External links

• Congressman Fred Upton official U.S. House website
• Campaign website
• Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Profile at Vote Smart
• Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
• Legislation sponsored at the Library of Congress
• Fred Upton at Curlie
• Appearances on C-SPAN