Himalayacetus

Himalayacetus is an extinct genus of carnivorous aquatic mammal of the family Ambulocetidae. The holotype was found in Himachal Pradesh, India, (31.0°N 77.0°E: paleocoordinates 3.5°N 69.7°E)[2] in what was the remnants of the ancient Tethys Ocean during the Early Eocene. This makes Himalayacetus the oldest archaeocete known, extending the fossil record of whales some 3.5 million years.[3]

Himalayacetus Temporal range: Early Eocene, 53.5 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Artiodactyla
Infraorder:	Cetacea
Family:	†Ambulocetidae
Genus:	†Himalayacetus Bajpai & Gingerich, 1998[1]
Species:	†H. subathuensis
Binomial name
†Himalayacetus subathuensis Bajpai & Gingerich, 1998[1]

Himalayacetus lived in the ancient coastline of the ancient Tethys Ocean before the Indian Plate had collided with the Cimmerian coast. Just like Gandakasia, Himalayacetus is only known from a single jaw fragment, making comparisons to other Ambulocetids difficult.[4]

Description

Upon its discovery, Himalayacetus was described as a pakicetid because the dentary has a small mandibular canal and a dentition similar to Pakicetus.[3] Thewissen, Williams & Hussain 2001 assigned Himalaycetus to the ambulocetids.

Etymology

Himalayacetus was named by Bajpai & Gingerich 1998. Its type is Himalayacetus subathuensis after the Himalayas, cetus, "whale", and the Subathu Formation, the type locality.[5]

Taxonomy

It was considered monophyletic by Uhen (2010). It was assigned to Pakicetidae by Bajpai and Gingerich (1998) and McLeod and Barnes (2008); and to Ambulocetidae by Thewissen et al. (2001) and Uhen (2010).[6]

Notes

1. Bajpai & Gingerich 1998.
2. Kuthar Nala (Eocene of India) in the Paleobiology Database. Retrieved June 2013.
3. Bajpai & Gingerich 1998, Abstract
4. Thewissen, JGM. "Ambulocetidae: The First Costal Whales". Archived from the original on 2013-04-03. Retrieved February 2013. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
5. Bajpai & Gingerich 1998, p. 15464
6. Himalayacetus in the Paleobiology Database. Retrieved June 2013.

References

• Bajpai, Sunil; Gingerich, Philip D (December 1998). "A new Eocene archaeocete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from India and the time of origin of whales" (PDF). PNAS. 95 (26): 15464–68. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.26.15464. OCLC 678707438. PMC 28065. PMID 9860991.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Thewissen, J. G. M.; Williams, E. M.; Hussain, S.T. (2001). "Eocene mammal faunas from northern Indo-Pakistan". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 21 (2): 347–66. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2001)021[0347:EMFFNI]2.0.CO;2. OCLC 631973716.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)