List of extinct animals of the Nordics

This is a list of extinct animals of the Nordics (including Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland) includes the animal species and subspecies once lived in the Nordics but have disappeared since human habitation. The list consists of common name, Latin name, known geographical range, and approximate extinction date, with the "†" symbol indicating the species is considered extinct worldwide.

Arthropods

Insects

• Blotchy mustard pyralid moth, Evergestis frumentalis (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Cattle warble fly, Hypoderma lineatum (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Centaury plume moth, Stenoptilia zophodactyla (Sweden – 2005 AD)[1]
• Dry-fungus beetle, Dacne rufifrons (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Emerald leaf beetle, Smaragdina salicina (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Eurasian white admiral, Limenitis camilla (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Everlasting tortrix moth, Eupoecilia cebrana (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Flax fruitborer, Cochylis epilinana (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Flowering rush weevil, Bagous nodulosus (Sweden – 2005 AD)[1]
• Gack owlet moth, Trichosea ludifica (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Green-white tuft moth, Nycteola svecica (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Gyllenhaal beetle, Gyrophaena nitidula (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Herbst beetle, Acritus minutus (Sweden / Norway – 2000 AD)[1]
• Koch leaf beetle, Psylliodes attenuata (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Large ranunculus, Polymixis flavicincta (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Mediterranean spider wasp, Entomobora crassitarsis (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Müller shield mayfly, Prosopistoma pennigerum (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Oak pinhole borer, Platypus cylindrus (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Orange upperwing, Jodia croceago (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Ox warble fly, Hypoderma bovis (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Pygmy sorrel moth, Enteucha acetosae (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Reddish buff, Acosmetia caliginosa (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Sand sack moth, Coleophora onobrychiella (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Scarce wormwood, Cucullia artemisiae (Sweden – 2010 AD)[1]
• Silver-banded ghost moth, Gazoryctra ganna (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Small yellow underwing, Panemeria tenebrata (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Smaller sack moth, Coleophora colutella (Sweden – 2005 AD)[1]
• Spotted stoneseed moth, Ethmia dodecea (Sweden – 2010 AD)[1]
• Stephens beetle, Philonthus rufipes (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Straw conch, Cochylimorpha straminea (Sweden – 2010 AD)[1]
• Sterling owlet moth, Lamprotes caureum (Sweden – 2010 AD)[1]
• Tapestry moth, Trichophaga tapetzella (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Triple-spotted clay, Xestia ditrapezium (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Waterhouse beetle, Heterota plumbea (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• White geometer moth, Lithostege farinata (Sweden – 2010 AD)[1]
• Yellow-spotted ant-like leaf beetle, Phytobaenus amabilis (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]

Chordates

Amphibians

• European fire-bellied toad, Bombina bombina (Sweden – 1960 AD; populations reintroduced between 1970–1980 are now spread out over Skåne)[2]

Birds

• Atlantic puffin, Fratercula arctica (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Finland / Iceland – 1970 AD; only extinct in Sweden although occasionally observed along the coasts)[3]
• Black stork, Ciconia nigra (Sweden – 2000 AD)[3]
• Crested lark, Galerida cristata (Sweden / Denmark – 1980 AD)[3]
• Eurasian hoopoe, Upupa epops (Sweden – 2010 AD; regularly observed in the country despite no known breeding populations)[3]
• European roller, Coracias garrulus (Sweden – 2000 AD)[3]
• †Great auk, Pinguinus impennis (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Iceland – 1800 AD)
• Great bustard, Otis tarda (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
• Kentish plover, Charadrius alexandrinus (Sweden – 2005 AD)[1]
• Middle spotted woodpecker Dendrocoptes medius (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Finland / Iceland – 1980 AD; occasionally observed in known breeding locations)[3]

Fishes

• Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus (Sweden – 1900 AD)[1]
• Common skate, Dipturus batis (Sweden – 2010 AD)[1]

Bears

• Polar bear, Ursus maritimus (Sweden / Svalbard, Norway / Greenland, Denmark – Quaternary; only extinct in Sweden)[4][5]

Bovids

• †Aurochs, Bos primigenius (Östergötland and Närke, Sweden / Jylland, Denmark – Quaternary)[6][7]
• †Dwarf ox / dwarf cow, Bos longifrons (Sweden – Quaternary)[8]
• European bison, Bison bonasus (Sweden / Denmark – Quaternary; currently working to be reintroduced in both Sweden and Denmark)[9][10][11]
• Saiga antelope, Saiga tatarica (Sweden / Denmark – Quaternary)[12][5]

Cats

• †Eurasian cave lion, Panthera spelaea (Denmark – Quaternary)
• European wildcat, Felis silvestris silvestris (Sweden – 1,700-500 BC)[12]

Deers

• Finnish forest reindeer, Rangifer tarandus fennicus (Sweden / Finland – 1800 AD; populations remain in Finland)
• †Irish elk, Megaloceros giganteus (Sweden – Quaternary)[13]
• Norwegian fell reindeer, Rangifer tarandus tarandus (Sweden / Norway / Finland – 1800 AD; genetically pure populations remain only in Dovrefjäll-Rondane in Norway)

Dogs

• †Dalbo dog was a Swedish dog breed believed to have gone extinct by 1870 AD.[14]
• Gray wolf, Canis lupus (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Finland – previously extinct in Sweden and Denmark but currently reintroduced)[15][16]
• †Peat dog, Canis familiaris inostranzewi (Denmark – Quaternary)[17][18]

Horses

• †Forest horse, Equus ferus germanicus (Sweden – Quaternary)
• †Tarpan, Equus ferus silvaticus (Sweden – Quaternary)
• Wild horse, Equus ferus (Sweden – Quaternary)

Pigs

• Wild boar, Sus scrofa (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Finland – 1700 AD; previously extinct in Sweden and Denmark but currently reintroduced)[19][20]

Primates

• †Neanderthal man, Homo neanderthalensis (Wolf Cave, Finland – Quaternary; possibly synonymous with Homo sapiens)[21][22][23][24]

Proboscideans

• †Gomphotherium (Södermanland, Sweden – Neogene)[25][26]
• †Woolly mammoth, Mammuthus primigenius (Skåne, Sweden / Norway / Danmark / Finland – Quaternary)[27][28]

Rhinoceros

• †Woolly rhinoceros, Coelodonta antiquitatis (Sweden – Quaternary)

Rodents

• Black rat, Rattus rattus (Sweden / Denmark – 1994 AD)[29][30]

Seals

• Harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandica (Sweden / Greenland, Denmark – Quaternary)

Whales

• Bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus (Sweden / Norway / Greenland, Denmark – Quaternary)
• Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus (Sweden / Greenland, Denmark – Quaternary)
• †Swedenborg whale, Balaena swedenborgii (Bohuslän, Sweden – Quaternary)[31][32][33][34]

Turtles

• European pond turtle, Emys orbicularis (Skåne, Östergötland, and Öland, Sweden / Denmark – 2000 BC in Sweden and 700 BC in Denmark; living turtles have been found in Skåne and Värmland, Sweden, presumably originating as released pets)[35][36][37]

Cnidarians

Corals

• Broch coral, Muriceides kuekenthali (Sweden – 2010 AD)[1]

Molluscs

Gastropods

• Marsh grass snail, Vallonia enniensis (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]

See also

• List of extinct animals
• List of extinct animals of Europe

References

1. "Artfakta från ArtDatabanken SLU". artfakta.se.
2. "Nordens Ark". Postkodlotteriet.
3. "Hotade fåglar i Sverige". www.nrm.se.
4. "Björn Kurtén och Isbjörnens Evolution".
5. Aaris-Sørensen, Kim (February 2010). Diversity and dynamics of the mammalian fauna in Denmark throughout the last glacial-interglacial cycle, 115-0 kyr BP. ISBN 978-1-4443-3483-8.
6. http://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=2543543&fileOId=2543547
7. Europeiska kulturlandskap – Hur människan format Europas natur, Urban Emauelsson., 2009. s. 161
8. "Cattle". www.1902encyclopedia.com.
9. Elfström, Calle (September 2, 2013). "Visenter kan släppas fria i Sverige" – via www.svt.se.
10. "Denmark gets rare Polish bison". BBC News. June 7, 2012.
11. "Visenten återvänder till Danmark". svenska.yle.fi.
12. "Utsättning av arter – Möjlighet för bevarandebiologin – Biodiverse". www.biodiverse.se.
13. http://www.tullsakra.se/photo_album1.html
14. "Okänt foto av utdöda dalbohunden hittat". Svensk Jakt. May 15, 2013.
15. "Låt vargen komma in". Forskning & Framsteg. November 17, 2010.
16. "Vargen återkommer till Danmark". March 12, 2014 – via www.svd.se.
17. http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/hund/206221
18. http://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=1329319&fileOId=1329320
19. "Med rätt att böka". Naturskyddsföreningen. February 8, 2002.
20. Fajstrup, Marianne (June 3, 2013). "Vildsvinet har indtaget Danmark". Berlingske.dk.
21. "Ny forskning bekräftar Neandertalare i Varggrottan". svenska.yle.fi.
22. "Fortbildningscentralen vid Åbo Akademi". web.abo.fi.
23. http://www.susiluola.fi/swe/neandertal_swe.php
24. "::: VARGGROTTAN En föristida fyndplats i Lappfjärd, Finland. Spår av Neanderthalmänniskan 130 000 BP". sydaby.eget.net.
25. "Jätteelefanten levde i Sverige". Aftonbladet.
26. http://www.nrm.se/forskningochsamlingar/forskningsnyheter/nyhetsarkiv/2009/forskningsnyheter2009/uniktfossilfyndavutdodelefantisverige.10062.html
27. "Här är de 10 största djuren någonsin". illvet.se.
28. "Mammutfynd från fel tid förbryllar". HD.
29. "Svartråtta". April 4, 2017.
30. "Artfakta från ArtDatabanken SLU". artfakta.se.
31. "Forntida val påträffad på Västkusten – Göteborgs universitet".
32. "swedenborgsval – Uppslagsverk – NE.se".
33. "Illustrerad Vetenskap – på upptäcktsfärd i vetenskapen". illvet.se.
34. "Forntida val hittad i Bohuslän". DN.SE. May 31, 2009.
35. Fog et al. (2001) sid:341
36. "Sköldpadda hittad vid vägkanten – Trelleborgs Allehanda".
37. "Köttätande padda ute på vift i Värmland | GT". www.expressen.se.