List of mammals of Nepal

This list of mammals of Nepal presents mammal species recorded in Nepal, of which one is critically endangered, eleven are endangered, twenty are vulnerable, and four are near threatened. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed on the IUCN Red List:

EXExtinctNo reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EWExtinct in the wildKnown only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CRCritically endangeredThe species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
ENEndangeredThe species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VUVulnerableThe species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NTNear threatenedThe species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LCLeast concernThere are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DDData deficientThere is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
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Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
Gaur
Four-horned antelope
Bharal

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
Asian golden cat
Leopard cat
Tiger
Himalayan wolf in Annapurna Conservation Area
Golden jackal
Asian black bear

There are over 260 species of carnivorans; the majority primarily eat meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
Indian rhinoceros

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

Order: Primates

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)
Asian elephant

The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
Asian house shrew
Eurasian pygmy shrew

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)

The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

Extirpated

The following species are locally extinct in the country:

See also

References
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  78. Boonratana, R.; Chalise, M.; Das, J.; Htun, S. & Timmins, R. J. (2008). "Macaca assamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T12549A3354977.
  79. Timmins, R. J.; Richardson, M.; Chhangani, A.; Yongcheng, L. (2008). "Macaca mulatta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T12554A3356486.
  80. Molur, S. & Chhangani, A. (2008). "Semnopithecus hector". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T39837A10274974.
  81. Kumar, A.; Yongzu, Z. & Molur, S. (2008). "Semnopithecus schistaceus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T39840A10275563.
  82. Williams, C.; Tiwari, S.K.; Goswami, V.R.; de Silva, S.; Kumar, A.; Baskaran, N.; Yoganand, K. & Menon, V. (2019). "Elephas maximus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T7140A45818198.
  83. Lunde, D.; Aplin, K. & Molur, S. (2016). "Hystrix brachyura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T10749A11509929.
  84. Amori, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G.; Palomo, L. J. (2016). "Hystrix indica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T10751A115099509.
  85. Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Callosciurus pygerythrus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T3604A22253451.
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  88. Challender, D.; Wu, S.; Kaspal, P.; Khatiwada, A.; Ghose, A.; Ching-Min Su, N. & Laxmi Suwal, T. (2019). "Manis pentadactyla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T12764A123585318.
  89. Mahmood, T.; Challender, D.; Khatiwada, A.; Andleeb, S.; Perera, P.; Trageser, S.; Ghose, A. & Mohapatra, R. (2019). "Manis crassicaudata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T12761A123583998.
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