List of massacres in Azerbaijan

The following lists are of massacres that have occurred in Azerbaijan (numbers may be approximate).

Before 1988

Name	Year	Date	Location	Deaths	Targeted group	Notes
Battle of Ganja (1804)	1804	February	Ganja	3,000[1] – 7,000[2]	Azerbaijani inhabitants of Ganja	Civilians were massacred during the capture of the city by the Russians; some of the captured soldiers were executed[3]
Armenian–Tatar massacres of 1905–1907	1905–1907	February	Baku; Nakhichevan; Shusha; Tiflis	3,000–10,000	Armenians, Azerbaijanis
Shamkhor Massacre	1918	January	Şəmkir	1,000	armed Russian soldiers	Russian soldiers killed by Azerbaijani nationalists[4][5][6]
March Days	1918	March 30–April 2	Azerbaijan	12,000–25,000	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis and other Muslim civilians were killed by members of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation and Bolsheviks.[8]
September Days	1918	September	Baku	10,000–15,000	Armenians	Armenians killed by the Army of Islam;[9][10]
Khaibalikend Massacre	1919	June 5–7	Nagorno-Karabakh	600–700	Armenians	Armenians killed by armed ethnic Azerbaijani and Kurdish irregulars and Azerbaijani soldiers;[11] Villages of Khaibalikend, Jamillu, Karkujahan and Pahliul were destroyed[12][13]
Agulis Massacre	1919	December 24-25	Yuxarı Əylis	1,400 (Per Armenian government claim)[14]	Armenians	Early 20th century Anti-Armenian massacre of the Armenian population of Agulis by the Turkish army accompanied by the Azerbaijani refugees from Zangezur which resulted in the destruction of the town of Agulis.[15] [16]
Shusha pogrom	1920	March 22–26	Shusha	500–20,000[17][18]	Armenians	Armenians killed by Azerbaijanis;
1920 Ganja Revolt	1920	June	Ganja	15,000	Azerbaijanis	Bolsheviks slaughtered civilians including women and children after the capture of rebel Ganja. Many women were raped and Koran were burnt.[19][20]

Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict

The following is a list of massacres and pogroms, which took place in the course of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War between Armenians and Azerbaijanis.

Name	Year	Date	Location	Deaths	Targeted group	Notes
Sumgait pogrom	1988	February 27–March 1	Sumgait	32 (26 Armenians and 6 Azerbaijanis)[21]	Armenians	Armenians killed by Azerbaijanis; 20 ambulances were destroyed,[22] and reports detail widespread rape,[23] mutilation, robberies, and disembowling of fetuses[24][25]
Violence in Shusha and Stepanakert	1988	September 18–20	Shusha, Stepanakert	1	Armenians, Azerbaijanis	Violence in Shusha & Stepanakert and expulsion of the Azerbaijani minority in Stepanakert & Armenian minority in Shusha. 33 Armenians and 16 Azerbaijanis were wounded, more than 30 houses had been set on fire, and a 61-year-old Armenian was killed.[26][27][28]
Kirovabad pogrom	1988	November	Kirovabad	7 (3 Soviet soldiers, 3 Azerbaijanis and 1 Armenian)[29]	Armenians	Azeri-led pogrom directed against Armenian inhabitants of Kirovabad (now Ganja)
Baku Pogrom	1990	January 13	Baku	90	Armenians	Armenians killed by Azerbaijanis; many incidents of rape, robbery, and torture;[30] 700 injured.[31][32]
Black January	1990	January 19–20	Baku, Azerbaijan	133–137	Peaceful protesters of the Azerbaijani national independence movement	Killed by Soviet troops; ambulance workers rushing to help the wounded and random by-passers, including women and children, among the dead
Bağanis Ayrum massacre	1990	March 26	Bağanis Ayrum	11	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis killed by Armenian Troops[33]
Malibeyli and Gushchular Massacre	1992	February 10–12	Malibeyli, Ashaghi Gushchular, Yukhari Gushchular villages of Shusha District	8 (per Helsinki Watch)[34] 15-50 (per Azerbaijani sources)[35]	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis killed by Armenian irregular armed units.[34]
Garadaghly Massacre	1992	February 17	Garadaghly	20–90	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis killed by Armenian Troops[36]
Khojaly Massacre	1992	February 25–26	Khojaly, Azerbaijan	At least 200+[37][38] (per Human Rights Watch) 613[39] (per Azerbaijan)	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis killed by Armenian Troops.
Agdaban massacre	1992	April 8	Agdaban	30+	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis killed and over a hundred tortured by the Armenian army[40]
Maraga Massacre	1992	April 10	Maraga	40–100	Armenians	Armenians killed (many decapitated); corpses buried in a mass grave outside the village.[41]
Capture of Shusha	1992	May 8–9	Shusha	193 (per Azerbaijan)[42]	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis killed by Armenians
Bombardment of Stepanakert	2020	September 27–November 9	Stepanakert	13	Armenians	Armenians killed by Azerbaijanis, 51 injured
Bombardment of Tartar	2020	September 28–November 10	Tartar District	17	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis killed by Armenians, 63 injured
Ganja missile attacks	2020	October 4–17	Ganja	26	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis killed by Armenians, 125 injured
Barda missile attacks	2020	October 27–28	Barda	26	Azerbaijanis	Azerbaijanis killed by Armenians, 83 injured

References

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16. Mikail Mamedov (20 November 2018). "Reading the novel Stone Dreams on the 100th anniversary of the "Great Catastrophe"". Cambridge University Press. The novel also refers to the massacre committed by Turkish troops on Christmas of 1919 in the midst of the Armenian Genocide, 1915–1923. At that time, Turkish commander Adif-bey ordered the mass execution of the Armenian population in the author's home village Aylis (Agulis in Armenian). Almost all Armenians were killed, with the exception of a few young girls who by the late 1980s had turned into gray-haired women
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