List of the first women holders of political offices in Europe

This is a list of political offices which have been held by a woman, with details of the first woman holder of each office. It is ordered by the countries in Europe and by dates of appointment. Please observe that this list is meant to contain only the first woman to hold of a political office, and not all the female holders of that office.

Albania

People's Socialist Republic

• Minister of Culture, Education and Science – Nexhmije Hoxha – 1946[1]
• Member of the Praesidium of the People's Republic of Albania – Liri Belishova – 1950[2]
• Minister of Agriculture – Thumie Thomay – 1975[3]
• President of the Praesidium of the People's Republic of Albania – Mine Guri – 1978[4]

Republic

• Foreign Minister – Arta Dade – 2001[5]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Ermelinda Meksi – 2003[6]
• Chairwoman of the Parliament – Jozefina Topalli – 2005[7]
• European Integration Minister – Majlinda Bregu - 2005[8]
• Defence Minister – Mimi Kodheli – 2013[9]
• Education and Sport Minister – Lindita Nikolla – 2013[10]
• Minister of Economy - Milva Ekonomi – 2015[10]
• Minister of Justice - Etilda Gjonaj - 2017[11]

Andorra

• Minister for Public Service – Mercé Sansa Renyer – 1985[12]
• Mayor of Andorra la Vella – Conxita Mora Jordana – 1999[13]
• Foreign Minister – Meritxell Mateu i Pi – 2007.[14]
• Speaker of the Parliament – Roser Suñé Pascuet – 3 May 2019[15]

Armenia

Kingdom of Armenia

• Monarch — Erato of Armenia - 1st century BC & first half of 1st century[16]

First Republic of Armenia

• Member of Parliament — Katarine Zalyan-Manukyan — 1919[17]
• Member of Parliament — Perchuhi Partizpanyan-Barseghyan — 1919[17]
• Member of Parliament — Varvara Sahakyan — 1919[17]

Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

• Deputy Premier Minister – Rema Khristoforovna Svetlova – 1975 [18]
• Minister of Trade – Nina Asmayan – 1991[19]

Republic of Armenia

• Ombudsman – Larisa Alaverdyan – 1 March 2004[20]
• Minister of Culture — Hasmik Poghosyan – 8 June 2007[21]
• Minister of Diaspora — Hranush Hakobyan – 1 October 2008[22]
• Deputy President of National Assembly —Hermine Naghdalyan – 31 May 2012[23]
• Leader of Prosperous Armenia Political Party – Naira Zohrabyan – 5 March 2015[24]
• Minister of Justice — Arpine Hovhannisyan – 4 September 2015[25]
• Minister of Culture — Lilit Makunts — 12 May 2018 (Pashinyan government)[26]
• Minister of Labor and Social Affairs — Mane Tandilyan — 12 May 2018 (Pashinyan government)[27]

Austria

Imperial

• Monarch – Maria Theresia of Austria – 1740[28]

Republic

• Member of Parliament – Anna Boschek – 1919[29]
• President of the Bundesrat – Olga Ruder-Zeynek – 1927[29]
• Understate secretary for Food – Helene Postranecky – 1945[30]
• Government Minister (Minister of Social Affairs) – Grete Rehor – 1966[31]
• Minister for Foreign Affairs – Benita Ferrero-Waldner – 2000[32]
• Mayor of Innsbruck – Hilde Zach – 2002–2011[33]
• Minister for Justice – Karin Gastinger – 2004[34]
• European Commissioner for Trade and European Neighbourhood Policy – Benita Ferrero-Waldner – 2009[35]

Azerbaijan

Soviet Socialist Republic

• Cabinet Minister – Ayna Sultanova – 1938
• Minister of Justice – Ayna Sultanova – 1938
• Chairperson of the Committee for Science and Technology at the Council of Ministers – Tahira Tahirova – 1957
• Minister of Education – Sakina Aliyeva – 1958
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Tahira Tahirova – 1959[36]
• Deputy Premier Minister – Tahira Tahirova – 1963[37]
• Vice-President – S.M. Mamedaliyeva – 1963 [37]
• Minister of Higher and Special Education - Zuleikha Ismail-Kyzy Guseinova - 1965
• Minister Social Affairs - L.P. Lykova - 1965 [37]
• Head of the Central Committee Department of Agriculture - L.D. Radzhabova - 1971[37]
• Minister of Public Service/Consumers Protection - Zuleikha Mageran Kyzy Gasanova - 1974
• Minister of Trade - Svetlana Chingvitz-Kyzy Kasimova - 1979
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Elmira Gafarova – 1983
• Chairwoman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet – Elmira Gafarova – 1989[38]
• Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan – Elmira Gafarova – 1990

Republic

• Chairwoman of the National Assembly – Elmira Gafarova – 1991[39]
• Secretary of State – Lala Shevket – 1993[40]
• Minister of Justice - Südaba Hasanova -1995[41][42]
• Vice President of Azerbaijan - Mehriban Aliyeva - 2017[43]

Belarus

Soviet Socialist Republic

• Chairman of the Supreme Soviet – Nadezhda Grigoryevna Grekova – 1938[44]
• Public Commisar of Education – Evdokiya Ilinichna Uralova – 1938
• Deputy Premier Minister for Culture – Nina Leonovna Snezhkova – 1970
• Minister of Food Industry – Ionna A. Stavrovskaia – 1980[45]

Belgium

• Count of Flanders – Margaret I – 1191[46]
• Count of Luxembourg – Ermesinde – 1197[47]
• Count of Hainaut – Margaret I – 1244[48]
• Duke of Brabant – Joanna – 1355[49]
• Duke of Burgundy – Mary of Burgundy – 1477[50]
• Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands – Margaret of Austria – 1507[51]
• Duke of Bouillon – Charlotte de La Marck – 1574[52]

Kingdom

• Member of Parliament (Senate) – Marie Janson – 1921[53]
• Mayor – Léonie Keingiaert de Gheluvelt, (Gheluvelt) – 1921[54]
• Member of Parliament (Chamber of Representatives) – Lucie Dejardin – 1929[55]
• Minister for Family and Housing – Marguerite De Riemaecker-Legot – 1965[56]
• Minister for Flemish Affairs – Rika De Backer – 1974[57]
• Mayor of Antwerp – Mathilde Schroyens – 1977[58]
• Party leader of major political party – Antoinette Spaak – 1977[59]
• Secretary of State for Brussels Region – Lydia De Pauw – 1979[60]
• Secretary of State for the Dutch-speaking Community – Rika Steyeart – 1979[61]
• Secretary of State for Environment and Social Emancipation – Miet Smet – 1985[62]
• Secretary of State for Pensions – Leona Detiège – 1988[61]
• Minister for Budget – Wivina Demeester – 1991[63]
• Minister for Employment and Labour – Miet Smet – 1992[62]
• Minister of Health – Laurette Onkelinx – 1992[64]
• Minister-President of the French Community – Laurette Onkelinx – 1993[64]
• Minister for Social Affairs – Magda De Galan – 1994[65]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Laurette Onkelinx & Isabelle Durant – 1999[64][66]
• Minister of Transport – Isabelle Durant – 1999[66]
• Minister of Justice – Laurette Onkelinx – 2003[64][67]
• President of the Senate – Anne-Marie Lizin – 2004[68]
• President of the Parliament of the French Community – Isabelle Simonis – 2004[69]
• President of the Flemish Parliament – Marleen Vanderpoorten – 2006[70]
• European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs, Skills and Labour Mobility – Marianne Thyssen – 2014[71]
• Prime Minister - Sophie Wilmès - 2019[72]

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

• President – Borjana Krišto – 2007[73]
• Major of Sarajevo – Semiha Borovac – 2005[74]

Republika Srpska

• Minister of Finance - Petra Marković – 1992[75]
• President – Biljana Plavšić – 1996[76]
• Minister of Finance – Svetlana Cenić – 2004[77]
• Vice President of Parliament – Nada Tešanović – 2006[78]
• Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economic relations and Regional cooperation – Jasna Brkić – 2006[79]
• Minister of Self-government – Lejla Rešić – 2010[80]
• Minister of Tourism and Trade – Gorana Zlatković – 2010[81]
• Minister of Sport and youth – Nada Tešanović – 2010[82]
• Minister of Justice – Biljana Marić - 2001[83]
• Minister of Justice (Republika Srpska) - Gorana Zlatković - 2011[84]
• Minister of Planning, Civil Engineering and Ecology – Srebrenka Golić – 2010[85]
• Minister of Economic regional relations – Željka Cvijanović – 2010[86]
• Prime Minister – Željka Cvijanović – 2013[86]
• Minister of Tourism and Trade – Maida Ibširagić Hrstić – 2013[87]

Bulgaria

Kingdom

• Regent – Irene Komnene of Epirus – 1246 (disputed)[88]

People's Republic

• Minister of Posts, Telegraphs and Telephones – Tsola Dragoycheva – 1947[89]
• Minister of Justice - Svetla Daskalova - 1966[90]

Republic

• Prime Minister (acting) – Reneta Indzhova – 1994[91]
• Foreign minister (acting) – Irina Bokova – 1996[92]
• European Commissioner for Consumer Protection – Meglena Kuneva – 2009[93]
• President of the National Assembly – Tsetska Tsacheva – 2009[94][95]
• Mayor of Sofia – Yordanka Fandakova – 2009[96]

Croatia

Kingdom

• Regent (for Stjepan Držislav) – Jelena of Zadar, Queen of Croatia – 969 (disputed)[97]

Socialist Republic of Croatia

• Finance Minister – Anka Berus – 1945[98]
• Prime minister – Savka Dabčević-Kučar – 1967[99]
• President of the Presidency – Ema Derossi-Bjelajac – 1985[100]

Republic

• Minister for Education – Vesna Girardi-Jurkić – 1992[101]
• President of County house of Parliament (Senate) – Katica Ivanišević – 1994[102]
• Minister for Building and Construction – Marina Matulović-Dropulić – 1995[103]
• Vice Prime Minister – Ljerka Mintas-Hodak – 1995[104]
• Mayor of Zagreb – Marina Matulović-Dropulić – 1996[105]
• Minister for European Integration – Ljerka Mintas-Hodak – 1998[104][106]
• Minister for Science – Milena Žic-Fuchs – 1999[104]
• Minister for Health – Ana Stavljenić-Rukavina – 2000[107]
• Minister for Tourism – Pave Župan-Rusković – 2000[107]
• Minister for Justice – Ingrid Antičević-Marinović – 2001[107][108]
• Minister for Defence – Željka Antunović – 2002[109]
• Minister without portfolio – Gordana Sobol – 2002[109]
• Minister for Foreign Affairs – Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović – 2005[110]
• Prime Minister – Jadranka Kosor – 2009[111]
• Minister for Finance – Martina Dalić – 2010[112]
• President – Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović – 2015[100]

Cyprus

Kingdom

• Regent – Plaisance of Antioch – 1253[113]
• Monarch – Charlotte of Cyprus – 1458[114]

Republic

• Minister of Justice and Public Order - Stella Soulioti - 1950[115][116]
• Mayor of Nicosia – Eleni Mavrou – 2006[117]
• Foreign Minister – Erato Kozakou-Marcoullis – 2007[118]
• European Commissioner for Education, Culture, Multilingualism and Youth – Androulla Vassiliou – 2010[119]

Northern Cyprus

unrecognized, secessionist state

• Minister of Economy and Finance – Onur Boman – 1993[120]
• Prime Minister – Sibel Siber – 2013[121]
• Foreign Minister – Emine Çolak – 2015[122]

Czech Republic

Czechoslovakia (1918-1992)

• Members of the first Czechoslovak Parliament: Revolutionary National Assembly (unicameral) – Bozena Ecksteinova, Anna Chlebounova, Irena Kanova, Frantiska Kolarikova, Luisa Landova-Stychova, Alice Masarykova, Eliska Purkynova, Bozena Vikova-Kuneticka, Ludmila Zatloukalova-Coufalova, Frantiska Zeminova – 1918
• Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly of Czechoslovakia – Anezka Hodinova - Spurna – 1945[123]
• Minister of Industry – Ludmila Jankovcova – 1947[124]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Ludmila Jankovcova – 1954[125]
• Minister of Consumer Industry – Bozena Machacova-Dostalova – 1954[126]
• Minister of Post and Telecommunication – Růžena Urbánková – 1969[127]
• Speaker of the Chamber of People of the Federal Assembly – Sona Pennigerova – 1969[128]
• Deputy Speaker of the Chamber of People of the Federal Assembly – Eva Zeleznikova – 1986[128]
• Deputy Speaker of the Chamber of Nations of the Federal Assembly – Blanka Hykova – 1989[128]
• Minister of State Audit – Kvetoslava Korinkova – 1989[129]

Czech Republic (1992-onward)

• Deputy Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies – Petra Buzková – 1996[130]
• Vice-President of the Senate – Jaroslava Moserová – 1996[131]
• Minister of Justice – Vlasta Parkanová – 1997[132]
• Minister of Health – Zuzana Roithová – 1998[133]
• President of the Senate – Libuše Benešová – 1998[134]
• Minister of Education, Youth and Sport – Petra Buzková – 2002[135]
• Minister of Information Technologies – Dana Bérová – 2005[136]
• Minister of Agriculture – Milena Vicenová – 2006[137]
• Minister of Culture – Helena Třeštíková – 2007[138]
• Minister of Defense – Vlasta Parkanová – 2007[132]
• Minister without Portfolio – Džamila Stehlíková – 2007[139]
• Vice-President of the Senate – Alena Gajdůšková – 2008[140]
• Governor of Plzeňský region – Milada Emmerová – 2008[141]
• Governor of Ústecký region – Jana Vaňhová – 2008[142]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Vlasta Parkanová – 2009[132]
• Minister of Environment – Rut Bízková – 2010[143]
• Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies – Miroslava Němcová – 2010[144]
• Governor of Středočeský region – Zuzana Moravčíková – 2012[145]
• Minister of Labour and Social Affairs – Ludmila Müllerová – 2012[146]
• Minister of Regional Development – Věra Jourová – 2014[147]
• Mayor of Prague – Adriana Krnáčová – 2014[148]
• European Commissioner for Justice and Consumers – Věra Jourová – 2014[149]
• Governor of Karlovarský region – Jana Vildumetzová – 2016[150]

Denmark

• Regent – Margaret Sambiria – 1259[151]
• Monarch – Margaret I – 1387[152]
• Minister for Education – Nina Bang – 1924[153]
• Minister without portfolio – Fanny Jensen – 1947[154]
• Minister for Justice – Helga Pedersen – 1950[155][156]
• Ministry for Justice (Hjørring Retskreds) - Anne Mette Ovesen - 2003[157]
• Minister for Ecclesiastical Affairs – Bodil Koch – 1950[158]
• Mayor of Stege: Eva Madsen (1950)[159]
• Speaker of the Landsting, Chamber of Parliament – Ingeborg Hansen – 1950[160]
• Minister for Trade – Lis Groes – 1953[161]
• Minister for Economy – Marianne Jelved – 1993[162]
• European Commissioner for the Environment – Ritt Bjerregaard – 1995[163]
• Minister of Finance – Pia Gjellerup – 2000[164]
• Minister for Agriculture and Food – Mariann Fischer Boel – 2002[165]
• Lord Mayor of Copenhagen – Ritt Bjerregaard – 2006[166]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Lene Espersen – 2010[167]
• Prime Minister – Helle Thorning-Schmidt – 2011[168]
• Speaker of the Folketing – Pia Kjærsgaard – 2015[169]

Faroe Islands

• Minister of Economy, Statistics, Transport and Justice - Jóngerð Purkhús - 1989-1991[170]
• Prime Minister – Marita Petersen – 1993[171]
• Speaker of the Løgting – Marita Petersen – 1994[171]
• High Commissioner – Vibeke Larsen −1995[172]

Greenland

• Foreign minister – Aleqa Hammond – 2007[173]
• Speaker of the Inatsisartut – Ruth Heilmann – 2008[174][175]
• High Commissioner – Mikaela Engell – 2011[176]
• Prime Minister – Aleqa Hammond – 2013[173]

Estonia

Danish Estonia

• Regent – Margaret Sambiria of Denmark – 1259[151]

Swedish Estonia and Livonia

• Monarch – Christina of Sweden – 1632[177]

Autonomous Governorate of Estonia

• Member of the Provincial Assembly – Anna Leetsmann – 1917[178]

Republic of Estonia

• Members of the Constituent Assembly – Emma Asson-Petersen, Marie Helene Aul, Minni Kurs-Olesk, Alma Ostra-Oinas, Johanna Päts, Helmi Press-Jansen and Marie Reisik – 1919[179]
• Members of the Riigikogu – Emma Asson-Petersen and Alma Ostra-Oinas – 1920[180]
• Members of the National Constituent Assembly – Linda Marie Eenpalu and Alma Jeets – 1937[181]
• Member of National Council (Second Chamber) – Linda Marie Eenpalu – 1938[182]

Estonian Government in Exile

• Minister without portfolio (in Exile) – Renate Kaasik – 1971[183]
• Secretary of State (in Exile) – Katrin Nyman-Metcalf – 1990[184]
• Minister of Justice (in Exile) – Aino Lepik von Wirén – 1990[183]

Soviet-occupied Estonia

• Minister of Social Welfare – Olga Lauristin – 1944
• Minister of Public Service – Meta Jangolenko Vannas – 1967[185]
• Party leader – Lagle Parek of the National Independence Party – 1988[186]
• Minister of Social Welfare – Siiri Oviir – 1990[183]

Republic of Estonia

• Minister of Internal Affairs – Lagle Parek – 1992[187]
• Minister of Social Affairs – Marju Lauristin – 1992[188]
• Minister of Reforms – Liia Hänni – 1994[183]
• Minister of Economic Affairs – Liina Tõnisson – 1995[189]
• Mayor of Tallinn – Ivi Eenmaa – 1995[190]
• Minister of Culture – Signe Kivi – 1999[183]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Kristiina Ojuland – 2002[191]
• Minister of Education – Mailis Rand – 2002[192]
• County Governor (Tartu County) – Eha Pärn – 2003 (acting governor until 2004)[193]
• President of the Riigikogu – Ene Ergma – 2003[194]
• Mayor of Tartu – Laine Jänes – 2003[195]
• Minister of Agriculture – Ester Tuiksoo – 2004[196]
• Members of the European Parliament – Marianne Mikko and Siiri Oviir – 2004[197]
• Minister of Population Affairs – Urve Palo – 2007[198]
• Minister of Environment – Keit Pentus – 2011[199]
• Minister of Foreign Trade and Entrepreneurship – Anne Sulling – 2014[200]
• Minister of Finance – Maris Lauri – 2014[201]
• Chancellor of Justice – Ülle Madise – 2015[202]
• Minister of Entrepreneurship – Ülle Madise – 2015[202]
• President of Estonia – Kersti Kaljulaid – 2016[203]
• Election-winning party leader – Kaja Kallas of the Estonian Reform Party – 2019
• Prime Minister - Kaja Kallas - 2021
• Minister of Social Protection - Signe Riisalo - 2021

Finland

Swedish Realm

• Regent – Ingeborg of Norway – 1319[204]

Kalmar Union

• Monarch – Margaret I – 1389[205]

Swedish Realm

• Governor of Turku – Ebba Stenbock (acting interim governor) – 1597[206]

Grand Duchy

• Member of Parliament – Miina Sillanpää, Alli Nissinen, Hilma Räsänen, Ida Aalle-Teljo, Anni Huotari, Mimmi Kanervo, Hilja Pärssinen, Maria Raunio, Jenny Upari, Eveliina Ala-Kulju, Hedvig Gebhard, Liisi Kivioja, Iida Vemmelpuu – 1907[207]

Republic

• Minister of Social Affairs – Miina Sillanpää – 1926[208]
• Minister without portfolio – Hertta Kuusinen – 1948[209]
• Deputy Prime Minister of Finland – Tyyne Leivo-Larsson – 1958[210]
• Education Minister – Kerttu Saalasti – 1954[211]
• Mayor of Loviisa - Birgitta Landgren - 1973[212]
• Minister of Justice – Inkeri Anttila – 1975[212][213]
• Minister of Commerce and Industry – Pirkko Työläjärvi – 1981[214]
• Minister of Interior – Kaisa Raatikainen – 1984[215]
• Defence minister – Elisabeth Rehn – 1990[216]
• Minister of Environmental Affairs – Sirpa Pietikäinen – 1991[217]
• Governor of Lapland - Hannele Pokka - 1994[218]
• Speaker of the Parliament – Riitta Uosukainen – 1995[219]
• Foreign minister – Tarja Halonen – 1995[220]
• Minister of Transport – Tuula Linnainmaa – 1995[221]
• Mayor of Helsinki – Eva-Riitta Siitonen – 1996[222]
• Minister of Labour – Sinikka Mönkäre – 1999[223]
• Minister of Health and Social Services – Eva Biaudet – 1999[224]
• Minister of Culture – Suvi Lindén – 1999[225]
• President – Tarja Halonen – 2000[220][226]
• Prime Minister – Anneli Jäätteenmäki – 2003[227]
• Minister of Agriculture – Sirkka-Liisa Anttila – 2007[228]
• Finance minister – Jutta Urpilainen – 2011[229]
• Mayor of Tampere – Anna-Kaisa Ikonen – 2013[230]

Åland

• Lantråd (Premier) – Viveka Eriksson – 2007[231]
• Minister of Migration and European Affairs for Åland Islands - Astrid Thors - 2007-2011[232]
• Member of Parliament in the Åland Islands - Elisabeth Nauclér - 2007[233][234]

France

• Regent – Anne of Kiev – 1060[235]
• Undersecretary of State for national education – Cécile Brunschvicg – 1936[236]
• Undersecretary of state for Public Health – Suzanne Lacore – 1936[237]
• Undersecretary of state for Science – Irène Joliot-Curie – 1936[238]
• Minister of Health – Germaine Poinso-Chapuis – 1947 (first government minister; Simone Veil who held the portfolio between 1974 and 1979 is often incorrectly cited as the first officeholder)
• Prefect – Yvette Chassagne (Loir-et-Cher) – 1981[239]
• Mayor of Strasbourg – Catherine Trautmann – 1989[240]
• European Commissioner for Taxation and Customs Union, Audit and Anti-Fraud – Christiane Scrivener – 1989[241]
• Prime Minister – Édith Cresson – 1991[242]
• Minister of Labour – Martine Aubry – 1997[243]
• Minister of Culture – Catherine Trautmann – 1997
• Minister of Justice – Élisabeth Guigou – 1997[244]
• Mayor of Lille – Martine Aubry – 2001[243]
• Minister of Defence – Michèle Alliot-Marie – 2002[245]
• Mayor of Montpellier – Hélène Mandroux – 2004[246]
• Minister of the Overseas – Brigitte Girardin – 2002
• Minister of the Interior – Michèle Alliot-Marie – 2007[245]
• Minister of Finance – Christine Lagarde – 2007[247]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Michèle Alliot-Marie – 2010[245]
• Mayor of Nantes – Johanna Rolland– 2014[248]
• Mayor of Paris – Anne Hidalgo– 2014[249]
• Minister of Education – Najat Vallaud-Belkacem – 2014
• Mayor of Marseille – Michèle Rubirola– 2020[250]

Georgia

Kingdom

• Regent – Mariam of Vaspurakan – 1027[251]
• Monarch – Tamar – 1178–1210[252]

Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic

• Minister of Trade – Zinaida Arsen'evna Kvachadze – 1957 [253]
• Minister of Education – Tamar Lashkarashvili – 1960
• Deputy Premier – Victoria M. Siradze – 1962
• Vice-President – Tamar Lashkarashvili – 1979

Republic

• Speaker of the Georgian Parliament – Nino Burjanadze – 2003 – 2004 and 2007[254]
• President (acting) – Nino Burjanadze – 2003[254]
• Minister for Foreign Affairs – Salomé Zurabishvili – 2004[255]
• Minister of Economic Development – Ekaterine Sharashidze – 2008[256]
• Minister of Defense – Tina Khidasheli – 1 May 2015[257]

Abkhazia

• Minister of Justice - Liudmila Khojashvili - 2005

Germany

Holy Roman Empire

• Regent – Adelaide of Italy and Theophanu (co-regents) – 983[258]

Weimar Republic

• Weimar National Assembly – 36 women, among them being Marie Baum, Marie Juchacz, Louise Schroeder – 1919[259][260]

Allied Occupation

• Mayor of Berlin – Louise Schroeder – 1947[261]

Democratic Republic

• Member of the Presidium of the Volkskammer – Friedel Malter – 1948[262]
• Minister of Justice – Hilde Benjamin – 1953[263][264]
• President of the Volkskammer and Acting Head of state – Sabine Bergmann-Pohl – 1990[265]

Federal Republic (West)

• State secretary of Youth and Family Affairs – Gabriele Wülker – 1957[266]
• Minister of Health – Elisabeth Schwarzhaupt – 1961[267]
• President of the Bundestag – Annemarie Renger – 1972[268]

Federal Republic (United)

• Minister of Justice – Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger – 1992[269]
• Minister-President of any German state – Heide Simonis (of Schleswig-Holstein) – 1993[270][271]
• European Commissioner for Regional Policy – Monika Wulf-Mathies – 1994[272][273]
• Mayor of Frankfurt – Petra Roth – 1995[274]
• Chancellor – Angela Merkel – 2005[275]
• Minister of Defence – Ursula von der Leyen – 2013[276]

Greece

Kingdom

• Regent – Queen Olga – 1920[277]
• Member of Parliament – Eleni Skoura – 1953[278]
• Mayor (Corfu)– Maria Desylla-Kapodistria – 1953
• Government minister and Minister for Social Welfare – Lina Tsaldari – 1956[278]

Republic

• Minister for Culture – Melina Mercouri – 1981[279]
• Minister of Justice - Anna Benaki-Psarouda - 1992[280]
• Minister of Education and Religious Affairs – Marietta Giannakou-Koutsikou – 1993[281]
• Minister for Environment – Vassiliki "Vaso" Papandreou – 1999[282]
• European Commissioner for Employment and Social Affairs – Anna Diamantopoulou – 1999[283]
• Mayor of Athens – Dora Bakoyannis – 2003[284]
• President of Parliament – Anna Psarouda-Benaki – 2004[280]
• Minister for Foreign Affairs – Dora Bakoyannis – 2006[284]
• Minister for Tourism – Fani Palli-Petralia – 2006[285]
• Prime Minister (acting, not elected) – Vassiliki Thanou-Christophilou – 2015[286]

Hungary

Kingdom

• Monarch – Mary of Hungary – 1382[287]
• Member of Parliament – Margit Slachta – 1920[288]

People's Republic

• Minister of Health – Anna Ratkó – 1950[289]
• Minister of Education – Valéria Benke – 1958[290]
• Speaker of the National Assembly – Erzsébet Metzker Vass – 1963[291]

Republic

• Minister for Justice – Ibolya Dávid – 1998[292]
• Minister for Interior – Mónika Lamperth – 2002[293]
• Minister for Equality – Katalin Lévai – 2004[294]
• Foreign Minister – Kinga Göncz – 2006[295]
• Health Minister – Ágnes Horváth – 2007[296]
• Minister of National Development – Zsuzsanna Németh – 2011[297]

Iceland

Kingdom

• Member of a City Council – Bríet Bjarnhéðinsdóttir – 1908[298]
• Member of Parliament – Ingibjörg H. Bjarnason – 1922[299]

Republic

• Mayor of Reykjavik City – Auður Auðuns – 1960[300]
• Speaker of Parliament (lower house) – Ragnhildur Helgadóttir – 1961[301]
• Minister of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs – Auður Auðuns – 1970[302]
• President – Vigdís Finnbogadóttir – 1980[303]
• Speaker of Parliament (upper house) – Salome Þorkelsdóttir – 1983[304]
• Minister of Education, Science and Culture – Ragnhildur Helgadóttir – 1983[301]
• Minister of Health and Social Security – Ragnhildur Helgadóttir – 1985[301]
• Speaker of Parliament (bicameral united house) – Salome Þorkelsdóttir – 1991[304]
• Speaker of Parliament (unicameral) – Salome Þorkelsdóttir – 1991[304]
• Minister for the Environment – Siv Friðleifsdóttir – 1999[305]
• Minister of Industry – Valgerður Sverrisdóttir – 1999[306]
• Minister for Foreign Affairs – Valgerður Sverrisdóttir – 2006[306]
• Prime Minister – Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir – 2009[307]
• Minister of Finance – Oddný Guðbjörg Harðardóttir – 2011[308]

Ireland

Kingdom of Ireland

• Queen regnant – Mary – 1553

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

• Member of parliament – Constance Markievicz – 1918[309]

Irish Republic

• Teachta Dála – Constance Markievicz – 1919[309]
• Minister for Labour – Constance Markievicz – 1919[310]

Free State

• Senator (Free State Senate) – Eileen Costello, Alice Stopford Green, Ellen Cuffe and Jennie Wyse Power – 1922[311]
• Leader of a political party – Margaret Buckley – 1937[312][313]

Ireland (Republic of Ireland)

• Senator (Senate of the Republic) – Margaret Mary Pearse, Linda Kearns MacWhinney, Helena Concannon and Margaret L. Kennedy – 1938[314]
• Lord Mayor of Dublin – Kathleen Clarke – 1939[315]
• Lord Mayor of Cork – Jane Dowdall – 1959[316]
• Department of State Secretary-General – Thekla Beere – 1959[317]
• Mayor of Limerick – Frances Condell – 1963[318]
• Council of State Member – Honor Crowley – 1964[319]
• Minister of State – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 1977[320]
• Member of the European Parliament – Eileen Desmond and Síle de Valera – 1979[321][322]
• Minister for the Gaeltacht – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 1979[320]
• Leader of the Seanad – Gemma Hussey – 1981[323]
• Minister for Health and Social Welfare – Eileen Desmond – 1981[324]
• Minister for Education – Gemma Hussey – 1982[323]
• Cathaoirleach of Seanad Éireann – Tras Honan – 1982[325]
• President – Mary Robinson – 1990[326][327][328][329]
• Minister for Tourism, Transport and Communications – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 1992[320]
• Leader of a political party in Dáil Éireann – Mary Harney – 1993[330]
• Minister for Justice – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 1993[320]
• Tánaiste (Deputy Prime Minister) – Mary Harney – 1997[330]
• Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment – Mary Harney – 1997[330]
• Minister for Arts, Heritage, Gaeltacht and the Islands – Síle de Valera – 1997[322]
• Minister for Agriculture and Food – Mary Coughlan – 2004[331]
• Government Chief Whip – Mary Hanafin – 2002[332]
• European Commissioner for Research, Innovation and Science – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 2009[333]
• Attorney General – Máire Whelan – 2011[334]
• Minister for Children and Youth Affairs – Frances Fitzgerald – 2011[335]
• Leader of the Opposition – Mary Lou McDonald – 2020[336]
• Leas-Cheann Comhairle – Catherine Connolly – 2020[337]
• European Commissioner for Financial Stability, Financial Services and the Capital Markets Union – Mairead McGuinness – 2020[338]

Italy

• Undersecretary of Industry and Trade – Angela Maria Guidi Cingolani – 1951[339]
• Minister of Labour and Social Security – Tina Anselmi – 1976[339]
• Minister for Health – Tina Anselmi – 1978[340] (First female governmental minister)
• President of the Chamber of Deputies – Nilde Iotti – 1979[341]
• Minister of Education – Franca Falcucci – 1982[342]
• Senator for Life – Camilla Ravera – 1982[343]
• Minister of Tourism – Margherita Boniver – 1992[344]
• President of Lombardia – Fiorella Ghilardotti – 1992[345]
• Minister for Agriculture and Forests – Adriana Poli Bortone – 1994[346]
• European Commissioner for Health and Consumer Protection – Emma Bonino – 1995[347]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Susanna Agnelli – 1995[348]
• Minister without Portfolio – Livia Turco – 1996[349][350]
• Minister for Equal Opportunities – Anna Finocchiaro – 1996[351]
• Minister of Cultural Activities and Sport – Giovanna Melandri – 1998[352]
• Minister of Interior – Rosa Russo Iervolino – 1998[353]
• President of Trentino-Alto Adige – Margherita Cogo – 1999[354]
• President of Umbria – Maria Rita Lorenzetti – 2000[354]
• Mayor of Naples – Rosa Russo Iervolino – 2001[355]
• President of Piedmont – Mercedes Bresso – 2006[356]
• Minister of European Politics and International Trade – Emma Bonino – 2006[357]
• Mayor of Milan – Letizia Moratti – 2006[355]
• Minister of the Environment – Stefania Prestigiacomo – 2008[358]
• President of Democratic Party (Italy) – Rosy Bindi – 2009[359]
• President of Lazio – Renata Polverini – 2010[360]
• Minister of Justice – Paola Severino – 2011[361]
• President of Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Debora Serracchiani – 2013[362]
• Minister of Integration – Cécile Kyenge – 2013[363]
• Minister of Defence – Roberta Pinotti – 2014[364]
• Minister of Economic Development – Federica Guidi – 2014[365]
• Minister of Constitutional Reforms and Parliamentary Relations – Maria Elena Boschi – 2014[366]
• Mayor of Rome - Virginia Raggi - 2016[355]
• President of the Senate - Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati – 2018[367][368]

Latvia

First Republic

• Member of Parliament - Berta Pīpiņa - 1931[369]
• Deputy minister of Education – Valērija Seile – 1921[370]

Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic

• Minister of Justice - Emīlija Veinberga - 1951[371]
• Chairman of the Supreme Soviet – Valentina S. Klibike – 1975[372]

Second Republic

• President – Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga – 1999[373]
• Member of the Saeima – Berta Pipina – 1931[369]
• Speaker of the Saeima – Ilga Kreituse – 1995[374]
• Foreign minister – Sandra Kalniete – 2002[374]
• European Commissioner for Agriculture and Fisheries – Sandra Kalniete – 2004[374]
• Defence minister – Linda Mūrniece – 2006[375]
• Prime Minister – Laimdota Straujuma – 2014[376]

Liechtenstein

• Deputy Government Councillor for Social Affairs – Maria Foser – 1984[377]
• Member of Liechtenstein's government - Cornelia Gassner - 1993[378][379]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Andrea Willi – 1993[380]

Lithuania

Republic

• Members of Parliament – Felicija Bortkevičienė and Gabrielė Petkevičaitė-Bitė – 1920[381]
• Speaker of the constituent session of the Constituent Assembly of Lithuania – Gabrielė Petkevičaitė-Bitė – 15 May 1920[382]

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

• Vice-President – Leokadija Diržinskaitė-Piliušenko – 1959[383]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs - Leokadija Diržinskaitė-Piliušenko - 1961
• Prime Minister – Kazimira Prunskienė – 1990[384]

Republic of Lithuania

• European Commissioner for Financial Programming and the Budget – Dalia Grybauskaitė – 2004[385]
• President – Dalia Grybauskaitė – 2009[385][386]
• Foreign minister (acting) – Rasa Juknevičienė – 2010[387]

Luxembourg

County, Duchy and Grand Duchy

• Monarch – Ermesinde, Countess of Luxembourg – 1197[388]

Grand Duchy

• Grand Duchess – Marie-Adélaïde – 1912[389]
• Minister of Family, Youth, Social Solidarity, Health, Culture and Religious Affairs – Madeleine Frieden-Kinnen – 1969[390]
• Mayor of Luxembourg City – Colette Flesch– 1970[391]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Colette Flesch – 1980[391]
• President of the Council of the European Union - Colette Flesch - 1980[392]
• Minister of Justice - Colette Flesch - 1980[392]
• Minister for Foreign Affairs – Colette Flesch – 1980[391]
• President of the Chamber of Deputies – Erna Hennicot-Schoepges – 1989[393]
• European Commissioner for Justice, Consumers and Gender Equality – Martine Reicherts – 2009[394]

Macedonia

• Minister of Development – Sofija Todorova – 1992[395]
• Minister without portfolio – Gordana Siljanovska – 1992[395]
• Interior minister – Dosta Dimovska – 1999[395]
• Foreign minister – Ilinka Mitreva – 2001[396]
• Minister of JusticeМинистер за правда на Македонија — Википедија – Meri Mladenovska Gjorgjievska – 2002[397]
• Prime Minister (acting) – Radmila Šekerinska – 2004[398]
• President of Social Democratic Union of Macedonia – Radmila Šekerinska – 2006[398]
• Minister of Culture – Elizabeta Kanceska Milevska – 2008[395]

Malta

Colony

• Member of Parliament – Agatha Barbara – 1947[399]
• Minister – Agatha Barbara – 1955[399]

Republic

• President – Agatha Barbara – 1982[399]
• Mayor (Għasri, Gozo) – Rita Cutajar – 1993[400]
• Speaker of the House of Representatives – Myriam Spiteri Debono – 1996[401]

Moldova

• Minister of Education – Agrippina Nikitichna Krachun – 1959[402]
• Minister of Justice - Valeria Șterbeț -1999[403]
• Speaker of the Parliament – Eugenia Ostapciuc – 2001[404]
• Prime Minister – Zinaida Greceanîi – 2008[405]
• Finance minister – Marianna Durlesteanu – 2008[406]
• Foreign minister – Natalia Gherman – 2013[407]

Transnistria

unrecognized, secessionist state

• Foreign minister – Nina Shtanski – 2012[408]
• Prime Minister – Tatiana Turanskaya – 2013[409]

Monaco

• Government Councillor of Finance and Economy – Sophie Thevenoux – 2009[410]

Montenegro

Serbia and Montenegro

• Speaker of Parliament – Vesna Perović – 2001[411]
• Supreme State Attorney – Vesna Medenica – 2004[412]
• Mayor of City/President of Municipality (first elected) – Marija-Maja Ćatović – 2005[413]

Republic of Montenegro

• Deputy Prime Minister- Gordana Đurović – 2006[414]

Netherlands

Spanish Netherlands

• Governor- Margaret of Austria- 1507–1530[415]

Dutch Republic

• Diplomat – Bartholda van Swieten – 1615[416]
• Regent (acting stadtholder) – Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange – 1751[417]

Kingdom

• Monarch – Queen Wilhelmina – 1890[418]
• Member of the House of Representatives of the States-General – Suze Groeneweg – 1917[419]
• Member of the Senate of the States-General – Carry Pothuis-Smit – 1920[420]
• Alderman – Eiske ten Bos-Harkema – 1924[421]
• Mayor – Truus Beliën – 1946[422]
• Minister of Social Work – Marga Klompé – 1956[423]
• Party chair – Haya van Someren – 1969[424]
• Minister of Health and Hygiene – Irene Vorrink – 1973[425]
• Parliamentary leader in the Senate – Haya van Someren – 1976[424]
• Party leader – Ria Beckers – 1977[426]
• Parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives – Ria Beckers – 1977[426]
• Minister of Transport, Public Works and Water Management – Neelie Kroes – 1982[427]
• Minister for Development Cooperation – Eegje Schoo – 1982[428]
• Minister of the Interior – Ien Dales – 1989[429]
• Minister of Justice – Winnie Sorgdrager – 1994[430]
• Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment – Margreeth de Boer – 1994[431]
• Deputy Prime Ministers – Annemarie Jorritsma and Els Borst – 1998[432]
• Minister of Economic Affairs – Annemarie Jorritsma – 1998[433]
• Speaker of the House of Representatives – Jeltje van Nieuwenhoven – 1998[434]
• Minister of Education, Culture and Science – Maria van der Hoeven – 2002[435]
• Minister for Integration and Immigration – Rita Verdonk – 2003[436]
• President of the Senate – Yvonne Timmerman-Buck – 2003[437]
• European Commissioner – Neelie Kroes – 2004[427]
• Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality – Gerda Verburg – 2007[438]
• Minister of Infrastructure and the Environment – Melanie Schultz van Haegen – 2010[439]
• Minister of Defence – Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert – 2012[440]

Norway

• Monarch – Margaret I – 1387[152]
• Deputy member of the Norwegian Parliament – Anna Rogstad – 1911[441]
• Member of the Norwegian Parliament – Karen Platou – 1921[442]
• Mayor – Aasa Helgesen (in Utsira) – 1926[443]
• Minister of Social Affairs – Kirsten Hansteen – 1945[444]
• Minister of Justice - Elisabeth Schweigaard Selmer -1965[445]
• State Secretary – Elsa Rastad Bråten – 1971[446]
• President of the Lagting – Torild Skard – 1973[447]
• Minister of the Environment – Gro Harlem Brundtland – 1974[448]
• County Governor – Ebba Lodden (in Aust-Agder) – 1974[449]
• Prime Minister – Gro Harlem Brundtland – 1981[450]
• Chief of Police (Halden) - Ann-Kristin Olsen[451]
• President of the Odelsting – Åshild Hauan – 1985[452]
• Mayor of Oslo – Ann-Marit Sæbønes – 1992[453]
• President of the Storting – Kirsti Kolle Grøndahl – 1993[454]
• Minister of Defence – Eldbjørg Løwer – 2001[455]
• Minister of Finance – Kristin Halvorsen – 2005[456]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Ine Marie Eriksen Søreide – 2017[457]

Other political positions

• Party leader – Eva Kolstad (Liberal) – 1974[458]

Svalbard

• Governor of Svalbard – Ann-Kristin Olsen – 1995[451]

Poland

Kingdom (1385–1569)

• Monarch – Jadwiga of Poland – 1384[459]

Second Republic

• First members of Sejm (lower house of the parliament) – Gabriela Balicka, Jadwiga Dziubińska, Irena Kosmowska, Maria Moczydłowska, Zofia Moraczewska, Anna Piasecka, Zofia Sokolnicka, Franciszka Wilczkowiakowa – 1919[460]
• Senator – Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska – 1928[369]

People's Republic

• Minister of Justice – Zofia Wasilkowska – 1956[461]
• Minister of Administration, Land Economy and Environment – Maria Milczarek – 1976[462]
• Minister of Labor, Welfare and Social Policy – Maria Milczarek – 1979[462]
• Minister of Education and Behaviour – Joanna Michałowska-Gumowska – 1985[463]
• Minister of Health and Welfare – Izabela Płaneta-Małecka – 1988[464]

Republic

• Minister of Culture and Art – Izabella Cywińska – 1989[465]
• Minister of Industry and Commerce – Henryka Bochniarz – 1991[466]
• Prime Minister – Hanna Suchocka – 1992[467]
• Chairman of the National Bank of Poland – Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz – 1992[468]
• Minister of Construction and Spatial Management – Barbara Blida – 1993[469]
• Marshal of the Senate – Alicja Grześkowiak – 1997[470]
• Minister of Finance – Halina Wasilewska-Trenkner – 2001[471]
• Minister of State Treasury – Aldona Kamela-Sowińska – 2001[472]
• Minister of European Affairs – Danuta Hübner – 2003[473]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Izabela Jaruga-Nowacka – 2004[474][475]
• Minister of Social Policy – Izabela Jaruga-Nowacka – 2004[474][475]
• European Commissioner for Regional Policy – Danuta Hübner – 2004[473]
• Minister of Regional Development – Grażyna Gęsicka – 2005[476]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Anna Fotyga – 2006[477]
• President of Warsaw – Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz – 2006[468]
• Minister of Sport and Tourism – Elżbieta Jakubiak – 2007[478]
• Minister of Science and Higher Education – Barbara Kudrycka – 2007[479]
• Marshal of the Sejm – Ewa Kopacz – 2011[480]

Portugal

County

• Regent – Theresa, Countess of Portugal – 1112[481]

Kingdom

• Monarch (disputed) – Beatrice of Portugal – 1383[482]
• Monarch – Maria I – 1777[481]

Republic

• Undersecretary of the Ministry of Health and Assistance - Maria Teresa Cárcomo Lobo - 1970[483]
• Minister of Social Affairs – Maria de Lurdes Pintasilgo – 1974[484]
• Prime Minister – Maria de Lurdes Pintasilgo – 1979[484]
• Minister of Health – Leonor Beleza – 1985[485]
• Judge of the Constitutional Court – Maria da Assunção Esteves – 1989[486]
• Minister of Education – Manuela Ferreira Leite – 1993[487]
• Minister of Environment – Teresa Patrício de Gouveia – 1993[488]
• Minister for Qualification and Employment – Maria João Rodrigues – 1995[489]
• Minister of Planning – Elisa Ferreira – 1999[490]
• Minister of State and Minister of Finance – Manuela Ferreira Leite – 2002[487]
• Minister of Justice – Celeste Cardona – 2002[491]
• Minister of Science and Higher Education – Graça Carvalho – 2003[492]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Teresa Patrício de Gouveia – 2003[488]
• Minister of Culture – Maria João Bustorff – 2004[493]
• Minister of Environment and Territorial Organization – Dulce Pássaro – 2009[494]
• Leader of the Opposition – Manuela Ferreira Leite – 2008[495]
• President of the Assembly of the Republic – Maria da Assunção Esteves – 2011[486]
• Minister of Agriculture, Sea, Environment and Territorial Organization – Maria de Assunção Oliveira Cristas Machado da Graças – 2011[496]
• Vice-President of the Constitutional Court – Maria Lúcia Amaral – 2012[497]
• Attorney General of the Republic – Joana Marques Vidal – 2012[498]
• President of the Legislative Assembly of the Azores – Ana Luís – 2012[499]
• Minister of Internal Administration – Anabela Rodrigues – 2014[500]
• Minister of the Presidency and Administrative Modernization – Maria Manuel Leitão Marques – 2015[501]
• Ombudswoman – Maria Lúcia Amaral – 2017[502]

Romania

Kingdom

• Mayor – Luiza Zavloschi, (Buda (Bogdănești)) – 1930[503]

People's Republic

• Minister of Health - Florica Bagdasar - 1946
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Ana Pauker – 1947[504]
• Minister of Social Affairs – Stella Ernestu – 1952[505]
• First Deputy Prime Minister – Elena Ceauşescu – 1980[506]

Republic

• Minister of Education- Ecaterina Andronescu – 2000[507]
• Minister of Justice – Monica Macovei – 2004[508]
• Prefect (of Bucharest) – Mioara Mantale – 2004[509]
• President of the Chamber of Deputies – Roberta Anastase – 2008[510]
• Minister of Tourism – Elena Udrea – 2008[511]
• European Commissioner for Regional Policy – Corina Crețu – 2014[512]
• Prime Minister – Viorica Dăncilă – 2018[513]

Russia

Imperial

• Regent – Elena Glinskaya – 1533[514]
• Monarch – Catherine I of Russia – 1725[515]

Intermin Republic

• Vice Minister of State Welfare and Vice Minister of Education – Sofia Panina – 1917[516]

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

• Commissar (Minister) - Alexandra Kollontai – 1917[517] (First female minister in the world)
• Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Nadezhda Krupskaya – 1924[518]
• Deputy minister (Commissar) of Education Nadezhda Krupskaya – 1929[518]
• Member of the Supreme Soviet Nadezhda Krupskaya – 1931[518]
• Member of the Politburo Ekaterina Furtseva – 1957[519]

Federation

• Governor Valentina Matviyenko – 2003[520]
• Mayor of Saint Petersburg Valentina Matviyenko – 2003[520]
• Chairwoman of the Federation Council of Russia - Valentina Matviyenko – 2011[520]

San Marino

• Minister of the Interior and of Justice - Clara Boscaglia - 1978[521][522]
• Co-Captain Regent – Maria Lea Pedini-Angelini – 1981[523]
• Foreign minister – Antonella Mularoni – 2008[524]

Serbia

Imperial

• Regent - Helena of Bulgaria – 1355–1357[525]

Moravian

• Empress- Princess Milica of Serbia – 1389 – 1402[526]

Despotate

• Monarch – Jelena (Marija) – 1458 – 1459[527]

Principality

• Education and Art adviser - Katarina Ivanović – 1870[527]

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes

Great National Assembly of Serbs, Bunjevci and other Slavs of Banat, Bačka, and Baranja

• Assembly members - 1918: Milica Tomić, Mara Đorđević Malagurski, Anastasija Manojlović, Marija Jovanović, Olga Stanković, Katica Rajčić and Manda Sudarević.[528]

Socialist Yugoslavian Republic

• Minister of Education – Mitra Mitrović – 1945 – 1948[529]
• Minister of Labour – Spasenija Cana Babović – 1946 – 1948[530]
• Minister of Health - Spasenija Cana Babović - 1948 -1953[530]
• Deputy Prime Minister - Spasenija Cana Babović – 1953 – 1963[530]

Federal Yugoslavia

• President of the Federal Chamber – Stana Tomasević-Arnesen – 1979[531]
• President of the Federal Executive Council (Prime Minister) – Milka Planinc – 1982[532]
• Mayor of Belgrade – Slobodanka Gruden – 1993–1994[533]
• Minister of Social affairs, family and equality – Margit Savović – 1994–1996[534]
• Mirjana Marković – leader of party Yugoslav Left – 1994–2001[535]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Maja Gojković – 1998–2000[536]
• Minister of Self-government – Gordana Pop Lazić – 1998–2000[537]
• Minister of Information – Radmila Milentijević – 1998–2000[538]
• Minister of Economic transformation - Jorgovanka Tabaković - 1998–2000[539]
• Minister of Labour and Employment – Gordana Matković – 2001–2004[540]
• President of Party of successful women – Margit Savović – 2001–2004[541]
• Minister of Environment – Anđelka Mihajlov – 2001-2002[542]
• President of the Supreme Court – Leposava Karamarković – 2001-2002[543]
• Minister of Traffic and Telecommunication – Marija Rašeta Vukosavljević – 2001–2004[544]
• Speaker of the National Assembly of Serbia – Nataša Mićić – 2001– 2004[545]
• President (acting) – Nataša Mićić – 2002–2003[545]
• Minister of Energy and Mining - Kori Udovički – 2001–2003[546]
• Governor of a National Bank of Serbia - Kori Udovički – 2003–2004[546]
• Minister of Education – Ljiljana Čolić – 2004[547]
• Mayor of Novi Sad – Maja Gojković – 2004–2008[548]

Republic of Serbia

• Deputy Prime Minister – Ivana Dulić-Marković – 2006[549]
• Minister of Science – Ana Pešikan – 2007–2008[550]
• Minister of Telecommunication and Informatics – Aleksandra Smiljanić - 2007–2008[551]
• President of the Constitutional Court of Serbia – Bosa Nenadić - 2007–2010[552]
• Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economy – Verica Kalanović - 2011–2012[553]
• Minister of Finance – Diana Dragutinović – 2008–2011[554]
• Minister of Justice – Snežana Malović – 2008–2012[555][556]
• Mayor of Pančevo – Vesna Martinović – 2008–2012[557]
• President of the Supreme Court of Cassation – Nata Mesarović – 2010–2013[558]
• State Attorney – Zagorka Dolovac – 2012[559]
• President (acting) – Slavica Đukić Dejanović – 2012[560]
• President of Christian Democratic Party of Serbia – Olgica Batić – 2011[561]
• President of party Together for Vojvodina – Olena Papuga – 2012[562]
• Minister of Energy – Zorana Mihajlović – 2012–2014[563]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Suzana Grubješić – 2012–2013[564]
• Mayor of Smederevo – Jasna Avramović – 2012[565]
• Governor of a National Bank of Serbia – Jorgovanka Tabaković – 2012[566]
• Speaker of the National Assembly of Serbia – Maja Gojković – 2014[567]
• Deputy Prime Minister and a Minister of Transportation, Construction and Infrastructure - Zorana Mihajlović – 2014[563]
• Deputy Prime Minister and a Minister of State and Local Governments - Kori Udovički – 2014[568]
• Minister of Agriculture and Environment – Snežana Bogosavljević Bošković - 2014[569]
• Minister of European Integration – Jadranka Joksimović – 2014[570]
• President of Democratic Party of Serbia – Sanda Rašković Ivić – 2014[571]
• Mayor of Vršac – Dragana Mitrović – 2016[572]
• Mayor of Sombor – Dušanka Golubović – 2016[573]
• Prime Minister - Ana Brnabić - 2017[574]
• Mayor of Kruševac - Jasmina Palurović - 2017[575]
• Mayor of Niš - Dragana Sotirovski - 2020[576]
• Mayor of Užice - Jelena Raković Radivojević - 2020[576]
• Mayor of Sremska Mitrovica - Svetlana Milovanović - 2020[577]

Kosovo

partially recognized secessionist state under nominal international administration

• Foreign minister (acting) – Vlora Çitaku – 2010[578]
• President – Atifete Jahjaga – 2011[579]

Slovakia

• Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family – Oľga Keltošová – 1993[580] (also Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family of Slovakia within Czechoslovakia since 1992)
• Minister of Justice – Katarína Tóthová – 1993[581] (also Minister of Justice of Slovakia within Czechoslovakia since 1992)
• Minister of Health – Irena Belohorská – 1993[582]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Brigita Schmögnerová – 1994[583]
• Minister of Education – Eva Slavkovská – 1994[584]
• Minister of Foreign Affairs – Zdenka Kramplová – 1997[585]
• Minister of Privatization – Mária Machová – 1998[586]
• Minister of Finance – Brigita Schmögnerová – 1998[583]
• Deputy Speaker of the National Council of the Slovak Republic – Zuzana Martináková – 2002[587]
• Minister of Agriculture – Zdenka Kramplová – 2007[588]
• Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Slovakia – Ivetta Macejková – 2007[589]
• Prime Minister – Iveta Radičová – 2010[590]
• President - Zuzana Čaputová - 2019[591]

Please note: Independent Slovak Republic was established on January 1, 1993. The first female politicians of Slovak Republic as a part of Czech and Slovak Federative Republic are not included above.

Czechoslovakia

• Member of Parliament – Irena Kaňová – 1919[592]
• Commissioner for Health and Social Welfare (equivalent to minister) – Emília Janečková-Muríňová – 1950[593]
• Minister of Health and Social Affairs – Eva Tökölyová – 1986[593]
• Minister of State Audit – Mária Kolaříková – 1989[594]

Czech and Slovak Federative Republic

• Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family – Helena Woleková – 1991[595]
• Minister of Trade and Tourism – Jana Kotová – 1992[596]
• Minister of Justice – Katarína Tóthová – 1992[597]
• Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family – Oľga Keltošová – 1992[580]

Slovenia

• Ministry of Health – Katja Boh – 1990[598]
• Minister of Labour, Family, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities – Jožica Puhar – 1990[599]
• Minister of Veterans and War Invalides – Ana Osterman – 1990[599]
• Ministry of Justice – Metka Zupančič – 1994[600]
• Ministry of Economy Development and Technologies – Tea Petrin – 2000[601]
• Ministry of Culture – Andreja Rihter – 2000[602]
• Ministry of Education, Science and Sport – Lucija Čok – 2000[599]
• Ministry without Portfolio (Regional Development) – Zdenka Kovač – 2002[602]
• Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry – Zdenka Kovač – 2004[602]
• Minister of the Interior – Katarina Kresal – 2008[603]
• Ministry of Public Administration – Irma Pavlinič Krebs – 2008[604]
• Minister of Defence – Ljubica Jelušič – 2008[605]
• Prime Minister – Alenka Bratušek – 2013[606]
• Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning – Irena Majcen – 2014[607]
• European Commissioner for Transport – Violeta Bulc – 2014[608]

Spain

Kingdom

This list includes office holders after the unification of Spain in the 16th-century:

• Monarch – Joanna I – 1504–1555[609]
• Regent – Isabella of Portugal – 1535-1539[610]
• First Female Mayor – Matilde Pérez Mollá – 1924[611]
• First thirteen Members of National Assembly – Blanca de los Ríos de Lampérez, Isidra Quesada y Gutiérrez de los Ríos, Micaela Díaz y Rabaneda, María de Maeztu, María de Echarri y Martínez, María López de Sagredo, Concepción Loring y Heredia, Carmen Cuesta del Muro, Teresa Luzzatti Quiñones, Josefina Oloriz Arcelus, María López Moleón, María Natividad Domínguez de Roger y Trinidad Von Scholtzhermensdorff - 1927[612]

Second Republic

• Members of Parliament – Margarita Nelken, Clara Campoamor and Victoria Kent – 1931[613]
• First democratic mayor – María Domínguez Remón – 1932[614]
• Minister of Health – Federica Montseny – 1936[615]

Francoist Spain

• Mayor of Bilbao – Pilar Careaga – 1969[616]

Kingdom (restored)

• Mayor of Vigo – Enma González – 1978[617]
• Minister of Culture – Soledad Becerril – 1981[618]
• Mayor of Valencia – Clementina Ródenas – 1988[619]
• President of the Region of Murcia – María Antonia Martínez – 1993[620]
• Mayor of Seville – Soledad Becerril – 1995[621]
• Mayor of Saragossa – Luisa Fernanda Rudi – 1995[622]
• Mayor of Málaga – Celia Villalobos – 1995[623]
• Minister of Environment – Isabel Tocino – 1996[624]
• Minister of Agriculture – Loyola de Palacio – 1996[625]
• Minister of Justice – Margarita Mariscal de Gante – 1996[626]
• President of Senate – Esperanza Aguirre – 1999[627]
• Minister of Education – Esperanza Aguirre – 1999[627]
• Mayor of Cordóba – Rosa Aguilar – 1999[628]
• Mayor of Gijón – Paz Fernández – 1999[629]
• European Commissioner for Transport and Energy – Loyola de Palacio – 1999[630]
• Minister of Industry – Anna Birulés – 2000[631]
• Foreign minister – Ana Palacio – 2002[632]
• Minister of Public Administrations – Julia García-Valdecasas – 2003[633]
• President of the Community of Madrid – Esperanza Aguirre – 2003[627]
• Mayor of Las Palmas – Josefa Luzardo – 2003[634]
• Mayoress of Palma de Mallorca – Catalina Cirer – 2003[635]
• Minister of Public Works – Magdalena Álvarez – 2004[636]
• Minister of Presidency – María Teresa Fernández de la Vega – 2004[637]
• Minister of Housing – María Antonia Trujillo – 2004[638]
• First Vice President of the Government – María Teresa Fernández de la Vega – 2004[637]
• Minister of Defense – Carme Chacón – 2008[639]
• Minister of Science and Innovation – Cristina Garmendia – 2008[639]
• Minister of Equality – Bibiana Aído – 2008[640]
• Mayor of Alicante – Sonia Castedo – 2008[641]
• Minister of Economy – Elena Salgado – 2009[642]
• Mayor of Madrid – Ana Botella – 2011[643]
• Mayor of Barcelona - Ada Colau - 2015[644]
• President of the Parliament of Catalonia - Nuria de Gispert - 2010[645][646]

Autonomous City

• Senator and Deputy (Melilla) - María del Carmen Dueñas[647][648]

Sweden

Kingdom

During the Kalmar Union (1397–1523), Sweden-Finland was in union with Denmark and Norway, but maintained its own administration. Sweden was in union with Norway during the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway (1814–1905), but each country had its own administration and laws, and thus should be listed separately.

• Regent: Ingeborg of Norway – 1319[204]
• Monarch – Margaret I – 1389[205]
• Governor (häradshövding) of Stranda Hundred – Sigrid Sture – 1577
• Member of a government comity - Sophie Adlersparre and Hilda Caselli - 1885[649]
• Member of the Executive Committee of a Political party – Kata Dalström – 1900[650]
• Chairperson of the Women's trades union – Anna Sterky – 1902[651]
• Member of the City Council of Stockholm – Gertrud Månsson – 1910[652]
• Member of a City Council – 37 women, among them Hanna Lindberg – 1910
• Member of the legislative assembly – Emilia Broomé – 1914[653]
• Member of the Riksdag (lower house) – Elisabeth Tamm, Agda Östlund, Nelly Thüring and Bertha Wellin – 1921[654]
• Member of the Riksdag (upper house) – Kerstin Hesselgren – 1921[655]
• Minister without portfolio – Karin Kock-Lindberg – 1947[656]
• Minister for Public Housekeeping – Karin Kock-Lindberg – 1948[656]
• Minister of Family, Consumption, Aid and Immigration – Ulla Lindström – 1954[161]
• Acting Prime Minister – Ulla Lindström – 1958[161]
• Permanent Representative of Sweden to the United Nations – Agda Rössel – 1958[657]
• Chairperson of City Council – Blenda Ljungberg – 1959[658]
• Municipal commissioner – Ella Tengbom-Velander – 1967[658]
• Supreme Court Justice – Ingrid Gärde Widemar – 1968[659]
• County Governor – Camilla Odhnoff – 1974[660]
• Minister for Foreign Affairs – Karin Söder – 1976[661]
• Minister for Health and Social Affairs – Karin Söder – 1979[661]
• Minister for Education – Lena Hjelm-Wallén – 1982[662]
• Minister for Employment – Anna-Greta Leijon – 1982[663]
• Leader of a political party represented in the Riksdag – Karin Söder – 1985[661]
• Minister for Justice – Anna-Greta Leijon – 1987[664]
• Minister for the Environment – Birgitta Dahl – 1987[161]
• Speaker of the Riksdag – Ingegerd Troedsson – 1991[665]
• Minister for Finance – Anne Wibble – 1991[666]
• Minister for Culture – Birgit Friggebo – 1991[667]
• Deputy Prime Minister – Mona Sahlin – 1994[668]
• Minister for Agriculture – Margareta Winberg – 1994[669]
• European Commissioner for Immigration, Justice, Home Affairs and Financial Control – Anita Gradin – 1995[670]
• Minister for Defence – Leni Björklund – 2002[671]
• Mayor of Stockholm – Annika Billström – 2002[672]

Switzerland

• Member of a citizens' council – Trudy Späth-Schweizer – 1958[673]
• President of a Cantonal Parliament (of Geneva) – Emma Kammacher – 1965[674]
• Member of the Swiss Council of States – Lise Girardin – 1971[674]
• Member of the Swiss National Council – Nelly Wicky, Lilian Uchtenhagen, Hanny Thalmann, Liselotte Spreng, Hanna Sahlfeld, Martha Ribi, Gabrielle Nanchen, Josi Meier, Hedi Lang, Tilo Frey, Elisabeth Blunschy – 1971[675]
• President of the Swiss National Council – Elisabeth Blunschy – 1977[676]
• Member of a Cantonal Executive (of Zurich) – Hedi Lang – 1983[677]
• Member of the Swiss Federal Council – Elisabeth Kopp – 1984[678]
• Justice minister – Elisabeth Kopp – 1984[678][679]
• Vice-President of the Swiss Confederation – Elisabeth Kopp – 1989[678]
• President of the Swiss Council of States – Josi Meier – 1991[680]
• Landammann of Schwyz – Margrit Weber-Röllin – 1992[681]
• Schultheiss of Lucerne – Brigitte Mürner-Gilli – 1992[682]
• Landammann of Zug – Ruth Schwerzmann – 1993[683]
• Landammann of Aargau – Stéphanie Mörikofer – 1997[681]
• President of the Swiss Confederation – Ruth Dreifuss – 1999[684]
• Landammann of Uri – Gabi Huber – 2002[685]
• Foreign minister – Micheline Calmy-Rey – 2003[686]
• Landammann of Nidwalden – Lisbeth Gabriel – 2005[687]
• Economics minister – Doris Leuthard – 2006[688]
• Landammann of Glarus – Marianne Dürst – 2008[689]
• Member of the Conseil d'État of the canton of Valais – Esther Waeber Kalbermatten – 2009[690]
• Mayor of Zurich – Corine Mauch – 2009[691]

Turkey

Ottoman

• Regent – Kösem Sultan – 1623[692]

Republic

• Mayor of Kılıçkaya, Artvin - Sadiye Hanım - 1930[693]
• muhtar (village head) - Gülkız Ürbül - 1933[694]
• Members of Parliament – Hatı Çırpan and 17 others – 1935[695]
• Mayor (of Mersin) – Müfide İlhan – 1950[696]
• First senator of the senate (upper house) - Mebrure Aksoley - 1964[697]
• First female Turkish party leader for Workers Party of Turkey - Behice Boran - 1970[698]
• Minister of Health – Türkân Akyol – 1971[699]
• First Turkish party founded by a woman, National Women's Party of Turkey - Mübeccel Göktuna Törüner - 1972[700]
• Minister of Culture - Nermin Neftçi - 1974[701]
• First female Ambassador - Filiz Dinçmen - 1982[702]
• Minister of Labor Relations and Social Security – Dr. Imren Aykut – 1987[703]
• Provincial Governor (Muğla Province)- Lale Aytaman – 1991[704]
• Minister of State - Güler İleri - 1991[698]
• Prime Minister (elected) – Tansu Çiller – 1993[705]
• Council of State (Turkey), the highest administrative court in the Republic of Turkey - Füruzan İkincioğulları - 1994[706]
• Minister of Environment - Işılay Saygın - 1996[707]
• Minister of Tourism - Işılay Saygın - 1996[707]
• Minister of the Interior – Dr. Meral Akşener – 1996[708]
• Deputy Premier and Foreign Minister – Tansu Çiller – 1996[705]
• Minister of Justice - Aysel Çelikel - 2002[709][710]
• Minister of National Education - Nimet Baş - 2009[711]
• Minister of Family and Social Policies - Fatma Şahin - 2011[712]
• Minister of European Union - Beril Dedeoğlu - 2015[713]

Ukraine

Soviet Socialist Republic

• Government minister and Minister of Interior – Evgenia Bosh – 1918[714]
• Acting Prime Minister – Evgenia Bosh – 1918[714]
• Minister of Education and Science - Alla Bondar - 1962
• Minister of Culture – Z. Rakhimbaeva – 1965
• Chairperson of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet – Valentyna Shevchenko – 1984[715]

Republic

• Prime Minister – Yulia Tymoshenko – 2005[716]
• Minister of Justice - Susanna Stanik - 1997[717][718][719]
• Minister of Health – Raisa Bogatyrova – 1999
• Minister of Labor and Social Policy – Lyudmila Denysova – 2007[720]
• Minister of Finance – Natalie Jaresko – 2014

United Kingdom

Great Britain

• Monarch – Queen Anne – 1701[721]

Great Britain and Ireland

• Member of Parliament (elected) – Constance Markievicz – 1918[309]
• Member of Parliament (who took her seat) – Nancy Astor – 1919[309]

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

• Minister of Labour – Margaret Bondfield – 1929[722]
• Minister for Education – Ellen Wilkinson – 1945[723]
• Member of the House of Lords – Stella Isaacs, Marchioness of Reading – 1958[724]
• Government Whip – Harriet Slater – 1964[725]
• Minister of Pensions and National Insurance – Margaret Herbison – 1964[726]
• Minister of Overseas Development – Barbara Castle – 1964[727]
• Minister for Transport – Barbara Castle – 1965[727]
• First Secretary of State – Barbara Castle – 1968[727]
• Secretary of State for Social Services (Health) – Barbara Castle – 1974[727]
• Leader of the Opposition – Margaret Thatcher – 1975[728]
• Prime Minister – Margaret Thatcher – 1979[729]
• Leader of the House of Lords – Janet Young, Baroness Young – 1981[730]
• Speaker of the House of Commons – Betty Boothroyd – 1992[731]
• Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food – Gillian Shephard – 1993[732]
• Secretary of State for National Heritage (later Culture, Media and Sport) – Virginia Bottomley – 1995[733]
• Secretary of State for Northern Ireland – Mo Mowlam – 1997[734]
• President of the Board of Trade – Margaret Beckett – 1997[734]
• Leader of the House of Commons – Ann Taylor – 1997[735]
• Chief Whip – Ann Taylor – 1998[735]
• Solicitor General for England and Wales – Harriet Harman – 2001[736]
• Secretary of State for Scotland – Helen Liddell – 2001[737]
• Deputy General Secretary of the Trades Union Congress – Frances O'Grady – 2003[738]
• Foreign Secretary – Margaret Beckett – 2006[739]
• Lord Speaker – Helene Hayman, Baroness Hayman – 2006[740]
• Home Secretary – Jacqui Smith – 2007[741]
• Attorney General – Baroness Scotland – 2007[742]
• European Commissioner for Trade – Catherine Ashton – 2008[743]
• Welsh Secretary – Cheryl Gillan – 2010[744]
• General Secretary of the Trades Union Congress – Frances O'Grady – 2013[738]
• Vice-President of the European Commission – Catherine Ashton – 2010[743]
• Lord Chancellor – Elizabeth Truss – 2016
• Chairman of Ways and Means – Eleanor Laing – 2020[745]

England

• Regent – Edith of Scotland – 12th century[746]
• Monarch – Queen Mary I – 1553[747]
• Lord Mayor of Liverpool – Margaret Beavan – 1927[748]
• Lord Mayor of Sheffield – Ann Eliza Longden – 1936[749]
• Lord Mayor of York – Edna Annie Crichton – 1941[750]
• Lord Mayor of Leeds – Jessie Beatrice Kitson – 1942[751] (succeeded upon the death in office of Arthur Clark)
• Lord Mayor of Newcastle-upon-Tyne – Violet Hardisty Grantham – 1952[752]
• Lord Mayor of Leeds (elected) – Mary Pearce – 1958[753]
• Lord Mayor of Bristol – Florence Mills Brown – 1963[754]
• Lord Mayor of Kingston upon Hull – Annie Major – 1965[755]
• Lord Mayor of Oxford – Florence Kathleen Lower – 1965[756][757]
• Lord Mayor of Manchester – Nellie Beer – 1966[758]
• Lord Mayor of Plymouth – Dorothy F. Innes – 1971[759]
• Lord Mayor of Portsmouth – Phyllis Loe – 1972[760]
• Lord Mayor of Birmingham – Marjorie Alice Brown – 1973[761]
• Lord Mayor of London – Mary Donaldson – 1983[762]
• Deputy Mayor of London – Nicky Gavron – 2000[763]
• Chair of the London Assembly – Sally Hamwee – 2001[764]
• Police and Crime Commissioner – Vera Baird, Ann Barnes, Katy Bourne, Jane Kennedy, Sue Mountstevens – 2012[765]

Parliament of Northern Ireland

• Member of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland – Julia McMordie, Dehra Chichester – 1921[766]
• High Sheriff of Belfast – Julia McMordie – 1928[767]
• Minister of Health for Northern Ireland – Dehra Chichester – 1949[768]
• Lord Mayor of Belfast – Grace Bannister – 1982[769]

Northern Ireland Assembly

• Health Minister of Northern Ireland – Bairbre de Brún – 1999[770]
• Presiding Officer of the Northern Ireland Assembly – Eileen Bell – 2007[771]
• First Minister – Arlene Foster – 2016[772]
• Minister of Justice - Claire Sugden - 2016[773]

Scotland

• Monarch – Margaret I of Scotland – 1286[774]
• Regent – Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland – 1437[775]
• Lord Provost of Glasgow – Dame Jean Roberts – 1960[746]
• Lord Provost of Edinburgh – Eleanor McLaughlin – 1988[776]
• Lord Provost of Aberdeen – Margaret Farquhar – 1996[777]
• Lord Provost of Dundee – Helen Wright – 1999[778]
• Solicitor General for Scotland – Elish Angiolini – 2001[779]
• Lord Advocate – Elish Angiolini – 2006[779]
• Leader of the Scottish Conservative Party – Annabel Goldie – 2006[780]
• Deputy First Minister – Nicola Sturgeon – 2007[781]
• Leader of the Scottish Labour Party – Wendy Alexander – 2007[782]
• Foreign Minister – Linda Fabiani – 2007[783]
• Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament – Tricia Marwick – 2011[784]
• Leader of the Scottish National Party – Nicola Sturgeon – 2014[781]
• First Minister – Nicola Sturgeon – 2014[781]

Wales

• Lord Mayor of Cardiff – Helena Evans – 1959[785]
• Presiding Officer of the National Assembly for Wales – Jane Davidson – 1999[786]
• Deputy First Minister for Wales – Jenny Randerson – 2001[787]
• Leader of Plaid Cymru – Leanne Wood – 2012[398]

Vatican City

• Vice Minister – Sister Enrica Rosanna – 2004[788]
• Francesca Di Giovanni - Undersecretary of the Section for Relations with States (Vatican Secretariat of State) - 2020[789]

See also

• List of women heads of state
• List of the first LGBT holders of political offices

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