Middleborough, Massachusetts

Middleborough (frequently written as Middleboro) is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 23,116 at the 2010 census.[1]

Middleborough, Massachusetts
Middleboro
Town
Town Hall
Seal
Motto(s): 
Cranberry Capital of the World
Location in Plymouth County in Massachusetts
Coordinates: 41°53′22″N 70°53′39″W
CountryUnited States
StateMassachusetts
CountyPlymouth
Settled1660
Incorporated1669
Government
 • TypeOpen town meeting
Area
 • Total72.2 sq mi (186.9 km2)
 • Land69.1 sq mi (178.9 km2)
 • Water3.1 sq mi (8.0 km2)
Elevation
141 ft (43 m)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total23,117
 • Density320/sq mi (120/km2)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (Eastern)
ZIP code
02346,02344,02349
Area code(s)508 / 774
FIPS code25-40850
GNIS feature ID0618346
Websitehttp://www.middleborough.com

History

The town was first settled by Europeans in 1661 as Nemasket, later changed to Middlebury, and officially incorporated as Middleborough in 1669. The name Nemasket came from a Native American settlement along the small river that now bears the same name. Nemasket may have meant "place of fish", due to the large amount of herring that migrate up the river each spring. There are no contemporary records that indicate the name Middlebury was taken from a place in England. The names Middlebury and Middleborough were actually derived from the city of Middelburg, Zeeland, the westernmost province of the Netherlands. Middelburg was an international intellectual center and economic powerhouse. The English religious dissenters known as the Brownists developed their governing institutions in Middelburg before emigrating on the Mayflower, and were the earliest settlers of Middleborough.

During King Philip's War (1675–76), the town's entire populace took shelter within the confines of a fort constructed along the Nemasket River. The site is located behind the old Memorial High School (now a kindergarten), and is marked by a state historical commission marker along Route 105. Before long, the fort was abandoned and the population withdrew to the greater shelter of the Plymouth Colony. In their absence, the entire village was burned to the ground, and it would be several years before the town would be reestablished.

Western Middleborough broke away on May 13, 1853 and formed the town of Lakeville, taking with it the main access to the large freshwater lakes there, including Assawompset Pond.

Middleborough was once a large producer of shoes and is still home to the Alden Shoe Company, one of the last remaining shoe manufacturers in America.[2] The local Maxim Motors manufactured fire engines from 1914-1989. Middleborough has since become the location of the corporate headquarters of Ocean Spray Cranberries.

Notable sights include the 1870s Victorian-style town hall and the Beaux Arts-style town library (1903). In the spring, the Nemasket River alewife and blueback herring run upstream to the Assawompset Ponds complex to spawn.

In 1994 the Middleborough All Stars of Little League Baseball reached the Little League World Series by defeating Milburn-Short Hills, New Jersey, to take the East Region title. The team finished third in the United States. They are one of only two Massachusetts Little League teams to win the East title (the other one being Andover Little League, 1988) before the splitting of the New England and Mid-Atlantic Regions in 2001.

In the summer of 2007, Middleborough became the proposed location for a controversial future resort casino,[3] sponsored by the Wampanoag Tribe of Mashpee, Massachusetts.[4]

  • South Main Street in 1912
  • Webster Street c. 1910
  • Nemasket Mill in 1914
  • Bank building in 1910

Profanity ban controversy

On June 11, 2012, Middleborough made national headlines after residents approved an ordinance outlawing the use of profanity in public, making it punishable by a $20 fine. It passed 183-50 in the town of over 23,000 residents.[5][6] Many legal experts said the law violates the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. Dozens of residents on both sides of the issue attended a protest in front of the town hall.[7] The Massachusetts state director for the American Civil Liberties Union said, "the Supreme Court has ruled that the government can't prohibit public speech just because it contains profanity."[8][9] In October 2012, Massachusetts attorney general Martha Coakley blocked enforcement of the law, saying it was inconsistent with the Constitution, and the town ultimately backed off the profanity ban.[10][11]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 72.2 square miles (186.9 km2), of which 69.1 square miles (178.9 km2) is land and 3.1 square miles (8.0 km2), or 4.27%, is water.[12] Middleborough is the second largest municipality in Massachusetts in terms of area, smaller only than Plymouth.

Middleborough lies on the western border of Plymouth County. It is bordered by Bridgewater and Halifax to the north, Plympton and Carver to the east, Wareham and Rochester to the south, and Lakeville, Taunton and Raynham to the west.

The town is approximately 15 miles (24 km) west of Plymouth, 30 miles (48 km) east of Providence, Rhode Island and 40 miles (64 km) south of Boston.

Middleborough's rivers and brooks feed in two directions. The Taunton River, Nemasket River and their tributaries flow southeastward as part of the Taunton River Watershed, which empties into Narragansett Bay. The other waterways of the town, including the Weweantic River, flow southward into Buzzards Bay. Along Middleborough's border with Lakeville lie the Assawompset, Pocksha and Great Quittacas ponds. Tispaquin Pond, Woods Pond, and several other ponds make up the town's other bodies of water. Middleborough has four wildlife management areas, as well as the Beaver Dam and Great Cedar and Little Cedar Swamps. The town is also the site of several cranberry bogs, especially in the southeastern part of town along the Carver town line. Ocean Spray's headquarters are just over the town line in Lakeville.

Transportation

Road

Interstate 495 runs through the town on its way to Cape Cod. The town is also crossed by U.S. Route 44, as well as Massachusetts routes 18, 28, 105, and a short, 1,000-foot (300 m) section of Route 58 which passes through the southeast corner of town. Route 79's eastern terminus is on the town line at Route 105. Routes 18, 28 and 44 meet at a two lane rotary adjacent to I-495 just west of the center of town. Two of I-495's four interchanges are located there. I-495's interchange with Route 24 is located just 1.5 miles (2.4 km) northwest of the town line.

The Greater Attleboro Taunton Regional Transit Authority provides public bus services along three routes in Middleboro, connecting to Wareham, Raynham, Taunton, and Lakeville, with stops including Morton Hospital, the Middleboro/Lakeville commuter rail station, and Onset beach.[13]

Rail
Railroad station c. 1908

Since the 1840s, Middleborough has served as a major rail transportation hub for southeastern Massachusetts; at one time, five rail lines radiated out from the town. Today, three rail lines extend from Middleborough, toward Boston, Taunton and Cape Cod. All three lines intersect at a junction near the center of town. Two rail freight companies serve Middleborough: CSX Transportation, which runs along the Boston and Taunton lines, and Massachusetts Coastal Railroad, which runs along the Cape Cod and Taunton lines.

The nearby Middleborough/Lakeville station of the MBTA's commuter rail system provides frequent direct rail service to Boston's South Station, and seasonal service to Cape Cod via the CapeFLYER train. Future expansion of commuter rail service to Buzzard's Bay has been proposed, which would provide year-round direct connection between Middleboro and Buzzard's Bay. It has been suggested that such expansions may warrant the construction of a new station in South Middleboro, though there are currently no definite plans to do so.[14] Construction of a new train station in downtown Middleboro is also being planned as a major component of the South Coast Rail project, which would provide direct connections from Middleboro to New Bedford and Fall River via Taunton by 2023, and eventually connect the Middleboro/Lakeville Line to the Providence/Stoughton Line.[15] The current station would either be abandoned or reduced to shuttle service, which has drawn criticism from officials in both Middleboro and Lakeville.

The nearest inter-city (Amtrak) passenger rail stations are Providence, Route 128 station in Westwood, and Boston's South Station, and the nearest rapid-transit station is Braintree.

Air

The nearest regional airports are Taunton Municipal Airport and Plymouth Municipal Airport, the nearest primary commercial airport is New Bedford Regional Airport, and the nearest national and international airports are T. F. Green Airport in Warwick, Rhode Island and Logan International Airport in Boston. From 1954 to 1959, a small runway called North Middleboro Airpark was constructed. It was a 3,000 foot-long paved runway, although it was not depicted in the November 1954 Boston Sectional Chart. Sometime between 1982-1994 it was closed, as it was depicted simply as "Landing Strip" on the 1994 USGS topographic map. A small grassy, unpaved field in South Middleborough is also used for recreational aircraft, but not for transportation.

Demographics
See also: List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income
Historical population
YearPop.±%
18505,336—    
18604,553−14.7%
18704,687+2.9%
18805,237+11.7%
18906,065+15.8%
19006,885+13.5%
19108,214+19.3%
19208,453+2.9%
19308,608+1.8%
19409,032+4.9%
195010,164+12.5%
196011,065+8.9%
197013,607+23.0%
198016,404+20.6%
199017,867+8.9%
200019,941+11.6%
201023,116+15.9%
* = population estimate.
Source: United States Census records and Population Estimates Program data.[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]

As of the census[26] of 2000, there were 19,941 people, 6,981 households, and 5,117 families residing in the town. The population density was 286.7 people per square mile (110.7/km2). There were 7,249 housing units at an average density of 104.2 per square mile (40.2/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.1% White, 1.3% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.4% Asian, <0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.6% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 6,981 households, out of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.7% were non-families. 20.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.23.

The population was spread out, with 27.7% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 32.8% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $52,755, and the median income for a family was $65,173. Males had a median income of $60,854 versus $40,570 for females. The per capita income for the town was $75,000.

Government

Middleborough is represented in the Massachusetts House of Representatives as a part of three separate districts: the Tenth and Twelfth Bristol and Twelfth Plymouth. The town is represented in the Massachusetts Senate as a part of the First Plymouth and Bristol district, which also includes Berkley, Bridgewater, Carver, Dighton, Marion, Raynham, Taunton and Wareham.[27]

The town is home to the Fourth Barracks of Troop D of the Massachusetts State Police.[28] On the national level, Middleborough is a part of Massachusetts's 9th congressional district, and is currently represented by William R. Keating.

Middleborough is governed by the open town meeting form of government, which is led by a town manager and a board of selectmen. The town's services are centralized downtown, with the fire and police headquarters being southeast, and the central post office being northwest of it. The town library is also located downtown.

A second part-time fire department is operated further south along Route 28 in South Middleboro. A third, temporary station was built in the 2000s as the surrogate home for the downtown facility, which was closed for substantial renovations. This third station, near the rotary north of the center of town, has subsequently been closed.

Construction on a new police station began in July 2017, with an estimated budget of $9.14 million.[29] The police station was finished early 2019 and is now in use.

Education

Middleborough has its own school system, headed by a school committee and superintendent. There is one school for kindergarten children, the Memorial Early Childhood Center, housed in the old junior high (previously the old high school). It opened in September 2007 after a $13 million renovation. The Mary K. Goode Elementary and the Henry B. Burkland Elementary Schools serve grades 1 through 5. The John T. "Tiger" Nichols, Jr. Middle School (1999) serves grades 6 through 8, and the Middleborough High School serves grades 9 through 12. Middleborough High's mascot is the "Sachem", and their colors are black and orange. Other sports teams in town include the semi-pro football team the Middleborough Cobras and the middle school baseball team the Tigers.

Middleborough is also home to the Frederick L. Chamberlain School, a private institution that serves students from around the world struggling with learning disabilities.

In 1856, Middleborough-born, Baltimore businessman-wholesale hardware merchant, banker, and steamship line owner, Enoch Pratt, (1808-1896), established as one of his first philanthropies in The Pratt Free School, later adding additional bequests upon its incorporation in 1865. It later became a grammar school, preparing students for entering the Middleborough High School. Later in 1882-1886, he endowed the Enoch Pratt Free Library, the nation's first circulating, public library system (with a central library and five branches) and later further endowed a mental health institution, the Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital.

The Middleborough campus of Massasoit Community College is also located here.

In November 2017, "Middleboro voters approved a $103 million dollar plan to construct a new Middleborough High School building and campus." The project started in February 2019 and is to be completed by 2021.[30]

Notable people
General Tom Thumb House in 1914

Points of interest

References
  1. "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Middleborough town, Plymouth County, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 20, 2012.
  2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-06-22. Retrieved 2011-04-18.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. WampaGate Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine, Cape Cod Today, June 5, 2008.
  4. Home - Brockton, MA - The Enterprise Archived 2008-09-01 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Sanburn, Josh (June 13, 2012). "What the @!#$? Cursing in Public in This Massachusetts Town Will Cost You $20". TIME. Retrieved July 4, 2012.
  6. Weinger, Mackenzie (June 12, 2012). "Fines for swearing in public in Massachusetts town". Politico. Retrieved July 4, 2012.
  7. Harish, Alon (June 26, 2012). "Public Swearing Ban Cursed at Protest in Massachusetts Town". ABC News. Retrieved July 4, 2012.
  8. "Mass. Town Imposes Fine For Public Swearing". WRIC.com. June 12, 2012.
  9. "Opponents, supporters rally on Mass. swearing code". The Associated Press. June 25, 2012. Retrieved July 4, 2012.
  10. Bolton, Michele Morgan (October 10, 2012). "Martha Coakley halts profanity ban enforcement". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  11. Proctor, Jason (March 17, 2015). "Taber's anti-swearing bylaw fits tradition of behaviour-busting". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  12. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Middleborough town, Plymouth County, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 20, 2012.
  13. "Routes & Schedules/Middleboro". Greater Attleboro Taunton Regional Transit Authorty (GATRA). Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  14. Humphrey, Thomas J. (January 2007). "Buzzards Bay Commuter Rail Extension Feasibility Study". State Library of Massachusetts - Archives. Central Transportation Planning Staff of the Boston Region Metropolitan Planning Organization. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
  15. "South Coast Rail Interactive Corridor Map". Mass.gov. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  16. "Total Population (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1". American FactFinder, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts. United States Census Bureau. 2010.
  17. "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision - GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  18. "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  19. "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  20. "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  21. "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1920, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  22. "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  23. "1870 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1872. Pages 217 through 220. Table IX. Population of Minor Civil Divisions, &c. Massachusetts. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  24. "1860 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1864. Pages 220 through 226. State of Massachusetts Table No. 3. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  25. "1850 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1854. Pages 338 through 393. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  26. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  27. Index of Legislative Representation by City and Town, from Mass.gov
  28. Station D-7, SP Bourne
  29. "Middleboro breaks ground on new police station".
  30. "Voters support new Middleborough High School plan by 2 to 1 margin".
  31. "Middleborough, Massachusetts". City-Data.com. Retrieved June 25, 2014.
  32. Carleton, Hiram (2003). Genealogical and Family History of the State of Vermont: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a Commonwealth and the Founding of a Nation. Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 645. ISBN 9780806347943. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
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