Parides eurimedes

Mylotes cattleheart
	Male
	male, P. e. mylotes, Costa Rica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Papilionidae
Tribe:	Troidini
Genus:	Parides
Species:	P. eurimedes
Binomial name
	Parides eurimedes; (Stoll, 1782)
Synonyms
	Papilio eurimedes Stoll, 1782; Papilio arcas Stoll, 1781 non Drury, 1773 (preoccupied);

Parides eurimedes is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is commonly known as the mylotes cattleheart, Arcas cattleheart, pink-checked cattleheart, and true cattleheart. It is native to the Americas.

P. e. mycale male, Panama

Subspecies

In 2004, Gerardo Lamas combined Parides arcas and Parides timias into Parides eurimedes. He lists the following subspecies:[1]

P. e. eurimedes (Stoll, 1782) (northern Colombia and northern Venezuela)[2][3]
P. e. agathokles (Kollar, 1850) (Colombia)[2]
P. e. antheas (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906) (Colombia)[2]
P. e. arriphus (Boisduval, 1836) (central Colombia)[2]
P. e. emilius Constantino, 1999 (western Colombia)[2]
P. e. mycale (Godman & Salvin, 1890) (Panama to northern Colombia)[4]
P. e. mylotes (H.W. Bates, 1861) (southern Mexico to Costa Rica)[5]
P. e. timias (Gray, [1853]) (western Ecuador)[2][6]

Description

Ventral view, captive specimen

Dorsal view, captive specimen

The wingspan measures 7 to 8.5 cm (2.8 to 3.3 in). P. e. mylotes is black with both sexes having a red patch on the dorsal hindwing. The dorsal forewing of the male has a triangular green patch. The female has a white patch on the dorsal forewing.[7] A full description (as P. arcas and P.timias) is provided by Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906)[8]

Distribution and habitat

P. eurimedes is found in the Neotropical realm from Mexico to northern South America, where it is commonly found in tropical forests.[7][9]

Life cycle

The purple-brown caterpillar is spotted with black. A white lateral stripe is found on each side of the body. The chrysalis is pale yellow green.[7] Host plants include Aristolochia grandiflora, A. nummularfolia, A. odoratissima, A. pilosa, and A. tonduzii.[2]

Taxonomy

Parides eurimedes is a member of the aeneas species group [10]

The members are

References

"Parides arcas arcas". World Field Guide. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
Savela, Markku. "Parides eurimedes". funet.fi. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
Lewis, H. L., 1974 Butterflies of the World ISBN 0-245-52097-X Page 26, figure 1, female
Warren, A. D.; et al. (2010). "Parides eurimedes mycale". Butterflies of America. Retrieved 17 December 2010.
Warren, A. D.; et al. (2010). "Parides eurimedes mylotes". Butterflies of America. Retrieved 17 December 2010.
Lewis, H. L., 1974 Butterflies of the World ISBN 0-245-52097-X Page 26, figure 24, female
Opler, Paul A.; Lotts, Kelly; Naberhaus, Thomas (2010). "Mylotes Cattle Heart Parides eurimedes (Stoll, 1782)". Butterflies and Moths of North America. Retrieved 17 December 2010.
Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906). A revision of the American Papilios. Novitates Zoologicae 13: 411-752. (Facsimile edition ed. P.H. Arnaud, 1967) and online
Collins, N. Mark; Morris, Michael G. (1985). "Parides eurimedes (Stoll, 1780)". Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland & Cambridge: IUCN. p. 71. ISBN 978-2-88032-603-6 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Edwin Möhn, 2007 Butterflies of the World, Part 26: Papilionidae XIII. Parides Verlag Goecke & Evers Verlag Goecke & Evers ISBN 9783937783277