RD-162
RD-162 is a second-generation nonsteroidal antiandrogen (NSAA) which was developed for the treatment of prostate cancer but was never marketed.[1] It acts as a potent and selective silent antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR).[1] The drug is a diarylthiohydantoin derivative.[1] It is closely related to enzalutamide and apalutamide.[1] Both RD-162 and enzalutamide show 5- to 8-fold higher affinity for the AR than the first-generation NSAA bicalutamide, and only 2- to 3-fold lower affinity than dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the major endogenous ligand of the receptor in the prostate gland.[1]
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Drug class | Nonsteroidal antiandrogen |
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| Formula | C22H16F4N4O2S |
| Molar mass | 476.45 g·mol−1 |
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RD-162 and enzalutamide were developed together and were derived from the nonsteroidal androgen RU-59063, which itself was derived from the first-generation NSAA nilutamide.[2] RD-162 and enzalutamide were selected as the lead compounds from a group of over 200 compounds that were synthesized and assayed for antiandrogenic activity.[1] Enzalutamide was ultimately selected from the two for further clinical development and was eventually marketed.[1] RD-162 is also very closely related to apalutamide, with the two compounds differing only by the replacement of a single atom (a carbon atom in one of the phenyl rings of RD-162 swapped with a nitrogen atom in apalutamide). Apalutamide was approved for the treatment of prostate cancer in 2018.[3]
References
- Tran C, Ouk S, Clegg NJ, Chen Y, Watson PA, Arora V, Wongvipat J, Smith-Jones PM, Yoo D, Kwon A, Wasielewska T, Welsbie D, Chen CD, Higano CS, Beer TM, Hung DT, Scher HI, Jung ME, Sawyers CL (2009). "Development of a second-generation antiandrogen for treatment of advanced prostate cancer". Science. 324 (5928): 787–90. doi:10.1126/science.1168175. PMC 2981508. PMID 19359544.
- Liu B, Su L, Geng J, Liu J, Zhao G (2010). "Developments in nonsteroidal antiandrogens targeting the androgen receptor". ChemMedChem. 5 (10): 1651–61. doi:10.1002/cmdc.201000259. PMID 20853390. S2CID 23228778.
- http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800032695