Revivalism (architecture)

Revivalism in architecture is the use of visual styles that consciously echo the style of a previous architectural era.

Typical historicist house: Gründerzeit building by Arwed Roßbach in Leipzig, Germany (built in 1892)

Modern-day revival styles can be summarized within New Classical architecture. Revivalism is not to be confused with complementary architecture, which looks to the previous architectural styles as means of architectural continuity.

Movements

Mixed

Neogothic Clock Tower at Palace of Westminster in London, by Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin

• Gründerzeit – German historicist architecture of the 2nd half of the 19th century, distinctive style mélange; later variations included, e.g., "Heimatstil"
• Russian Revival architecture – generic term for a number of different movements within Russian architecture that arose in second quarter of the 19th century.
• Historicism or Historism – mixed revivals that can include several older styles, combined with new elements
  • Neo-Historism – revival of historicist architecture including several revival styles; emerged from Postmodern architecture in the late 1990s
• New Classical Architecture – an umbrella term for modern-day architecture following pre-modernist principles
• Traditionalist School – revival of different regional traditional styles
• Vernacular architecture – umbrella term for regional architecture traditions continuing through the eras, also used and cited in revival architecture
• Indo-Saracenic architecture (revival of Indian architecture and Islamic architecture)
• Georgian Revival architecture (revival of Georgian architecture)
• Mediterranean Revival architecture (revival of Italian Renaissance architecture and Spanish Baroque architecture)

Preclassical Revival

• Mycenaean Revival architecture (revival of Mycenaean Greek architecture)

Ancient era Revival

• Egyptian Revival architecture (revival of Ancient Egyptian architecture)
• Indo-Saracenic architecture (revival of Indian architecture and Islamic architecture)
• Neoclassical architecture (revival of Classical architecture)
  • Palladian architecture
  • Federal architecture
  • Greek Revival architecture (revival of Ancient Greek architecture)
  • Jeffersonian architecture
  • Regency architecture
  • Russian neoclassical revival
  • Beaux-Arts architecture
  • New Classical architecture

Postclassical Revival

St. Michael the Archangel Church in Kaunas was built in Neo-Byzantine style

• Byzantine Revival architecture (revival of Byzantine architecture)
  • Bristol Byzantine
  • Russo-Byzantine architecture
  • Romanian Revival
• Mayan Revival architecture (revival of Maya architecture)

Medieval Revival

• Romanesque Revival architecture (revival of Romanesque architecture)
  • Romanesque Revival Architecture in the United Kingdom
  • Richardsonian Romanesque
• Gothic Revival architecture (revival of Gothic architecture)
  • Carpenter Gothic
  • Scots Baronial Style architecture
  • Neo-Manueline (revival of Manueline)
• Moorish Revival architecture (revival of Moorish architecture)
• Tudor Revival architecture (revival of Tudor Style architecture)
• Black-and-white Revival architecture

Schwerin Palace, historical ducal seat of Mecklenburg, Germany – an example of pompous renaissance revival for representation purposes (built in 1857)

Renaissance Revival

• Renaissance Revival architecture (revival of Renaissance architecture)
  • Italianate architecture
  • Palazzo style architecture – revival based on Italian Palazzo
  • Mediterranean Revival architecture (revival of Italian Renaissance architecture)
  • Palladian Revival architecture (revival of Palladian architecture)
  • Châteauesque (revival of French Renaissance architecture)
  • Spanish Revival architecture (revival of Spanish Renaissance architecture)
  • Jacobethan (revival of Jacobean architecture and Elizabethan architecture)

Opera, Paris (Palais Garnier) by Charles Garnier, 1861-1875

Baroque Revival

• Baroque Revival architecture (revival of Baroque architecture)
  • Dutch Revival architecture (revival of Dutch Baroque architecture)
  • Spanish Revival architecture (revival of Spanish Baroque architecture)
  • Edwardian Baroque architecture
  • Stalinist baroque
  • Queen Anne Revival architecture

Modern Revival

• Colonial Revival architecture (revival of American Colonial architecture)
• Pueblo Revival Style architecture (revival of Puebloan traditional architecture)
• Cape Cod Revival (revival of Cape Cod)
• Dutch Colonial Revival architecture (revival of Dutch Colonial architecture)
• Spanish Colonial Revival architecture (revival of Spanish Colonial architecture)
  • California Churrigueresque (revival of Churrigueresque and Mexican Baroque)
• Mission Revival Style architecture (revival of Architecture of the California Missions)
• Territorial Revival architecture (revival of Territorial architecture)

Other Revival

• Resort architecture (Bäderarchitektur, includes revival elements and adds new stylistic measures)
• Swiss chalet style

References

• Scott Trafton (2004), Egypt Land: Race and Nineteenth-Century American Egyptomania, Duke University Press, ISBN 0-8223-3362-7. p. 142.

External links

• Media related to Historicist architecture at Wikimedia Commons