Soletsky District

Soletsky District (Russian: Солецкий район) is an administrative[1] and municipal[7] district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast and borders with Shimsky District in the north, Volotovsky District in the east, Dnovsky District of Pskov Oblast in the south, Porkhovsky District of Pskov Oblast in the southwest, and with Strugo-Krasnensky District of Pskov Oblast in the west. The area of the district is 1,400 square kilometers (540 sq mi).[3] Its administrative center is the town of Soltsy.[1] Population: 15,714 (2010 Census);[4] 18,626 (2002 Census);[9] 20,011 (1989 Census).[10] The population of Soltsy accounts for 64.2% of the district's total population.[4]

Soletsky District Солецкий район
District
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Soletsky District in Novgorod Oblast
Coordinates: 58°07′N 30°19′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Novgorod Oblast[1]
Established	October 1, 1927[2]
Administrative center	Soltsy[1]
Area [3]
• Total	1,400 km^2 (500 sq mi)
Population  (2010 Census)[4]
• Total	15,714
• Estimate  (2018)[5]	13,623 (−13.3%)
• Density	11/km^2 (29/sq mi)
• Urban	64.2%
• Rural	35.8%
Administrative structure
• Administrative divisions	1 Towns of district significance, 3 Settlements
• Inhabited localities[6]	1 Cities/towns, 172 Rural localities
Municipal structure
• Municipally incorporated as	Soletsky Municipal District[7]
• Municipal divisions[7]	1 Urban settlements, 3 Rural settlements
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [8])
OKTMO ID	49638000
Website	http://adminsoltcy.ru/

Geography

Soletsky District lies in the basin of the Shelon River, one of the principal tributaries of Lake Ilmen. Major tributaries of the Shelon inside the district are the Mshaga and the Sitnya (both left), the Lemenka, and the Koloshka (both right). The area of the district is almost flat, with some hills. Forests occupy 7,910 square kilometers (3,050 sq mi), with 94% of the forests being temperate deciduous.[11]

History

Soltsy was first mentioned in a chronicle in 1390 and in the following years played an important role as an intermediate station on the trade route connecting Novgorod and Pskov. In 1471, the army of Ivan III won an important battle over Novgorod on the Shelon River, next to Soltsy. This battle facilitated the submergence of Novgorod by the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and Soltsy eventually fell under its control as well.[11] In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate was split off, and in 1772, Pskov Governorate (Pskov Viceroyalty between 1777 and 1796) was established. In 1776, Porkhovsky Uyezd was transferred from Novgorod Governorate to Pskov Governorate. Soltsy was the seat of Soletskaya Volost of Porkhovsky Uyezd. The area was split between Porkhovsky Uyezd of Pskov Governorate and Starorussky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate.

In August 1927, the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Soletsky District, with the administrative center in Soltsy,[12] was established within Novgorod Okrug of Leningrad Oblast effective October 1, 1927.[2] It included parts of former Porkhovsky and Starorussky Uyezds.[12] Simultaneously, Soltsy was granted town status. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[13] On September 20, 1931, Utorgoshsky District was abolished and merged into Soletsky District.[14] On January 1, 1932, a part of abolished Volotovsky District was merged into Soletsky District, but this was reverted on February 15, 1935 when Volotovsky District was re-established.[15] Also on February 15, 1935, Shimsky District was established with parts of Soletsky District transferred to it,[16] and Utorgoshsky District, previously merged into Soletsky District, was re-established as well.[14] Between July 1941 and February 1944, Soletsky District was occupied by German troops.[12] On July 5, 1944, Soletsky District was transferred to newly established Novgorod Oblast,[12] where it remained ever since. On February 1, 1963, the district was transformed into Soletsky Rural District[17] in the course of the Nikita Khrushchev's abortive administrative reform. At the same time a part of abolished Shimsky District was transferred to Soletsky Rural District.[18] On January 12, 1965, Soletsky Rural District was transformed into a regular district.[17] On February 1, 1973, Shimsky District was re-established, and parts of Soletsky District were transferred to it.[18]

Abolished districts

Effective October 1, 1927,[2] Volotovsky District with the administrative center in the settlement of Volot was also established as a part of Novgorod Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.[15] It included parts of former Starorussky Uyezd.[15] On January 1, 1932, Volotovsky District was abolished and split between Soletsky, Starorussky, Dnovsky, and Dedovichsky Districts.[15] On February 15, 1935, the district was re-established.[15]

On February 15, 1935, Shimsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Shimsk was also established, as a part of Novgorod Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.[16] It included parts of Novgorodsky, Soletsky, and Starorussky Districts.[16] On July 5, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Novgorod Oblast.[16] On February 1, 1963, Shimsky District was abolished and split between Soletsky and Starorussky Rural Districts.[18] On February 1, 1973, the district was re-established.[18]

Another district established effective October 1, 1927 was Utorgoshsky District, which was a part of Luga Okrug of Leningrad Oblast and had its administrative center in the railway station of Utorgosh.[14] It included parts of former Luzhsky Uyezd of Petrograd Governorate.[14] On September 20, 1931, Utorgoshsky District was abolished and merged into Soletsky District.[14] On February 15, 1935, it was re-established, and on July 5, 1944 transferred to newly established Novgorod Oblast.[19] On December 10, 1962, the district was abolished and merged into Soletsky Rural District.[20] After a number of administrative transformations, its territory ended up divided between Soletsky and Shimsky Districts.

Economy

Industry

The main branches of industry in the district are electronic industry and food industry.[11]

Agriculture

Agriculture is the main branch of economy of the district. As of 2011, there were nine large-scale farms and twenty mid-scale private farms. The main agricultural specializations in Soletsky District are meat, milk, and eggs production.[11]

Transportation

The railway connecting St. Petersburg and Nevel via Dno crosses the district from north to south, running close to Soltsy. The railway connecting Bologoye to Pskov via Staraya Russa crosses the southern tip of the district; however, there are no significant stations on this line within the district.

Soltsy is connected by roads to Veliky Novgorod via Shimsk, to Staraya Russa via Volot, and to Dno.

The Shelon is navigable downstream of Soltsy; however, there is no passenger navigation.

Culture and recreation

Saint Ilia Cathedral in Soltsy

The district contains 2 cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally 137 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance, 51 of which are in Soltsy.[21] The federal monuments are the archaeological site "Gorodok" in the village of Gorodok and the Saint Ilia Cathedral in Soltsy.

The Soletsky District Museum is located in the town of Soltsy. It exhibits collections of local interest.[22]

References

Notes

1. Law #559-OZ
2. Snytko et al., p. 85
3. Солецкий район Новгородской области (in Russian). Портал Интернет-издательства PDG. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
4. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
5. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
6. Resolution #121
7. Law #399-OZ
8. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
9. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
10. "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
11. Наш район (in Russian). Администрация Солецкого муниципального района Новгородской области. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
12. Snytko et al., pp. 134–135
13. Snytko et al., pp. 87–88
14. Snytko et al., pp. 140–141
15. Snytko et al., pp. 100–101
16. Snytko et al., p. 147
17. Snytko et al., pp. 226–227
18. Snytko et al., pp. 246–247
19. Snytko et al., p. 140
20. Snytko et al., p. 235
21. Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
22. Солецкий краеведческий музей (in Russian). narod.ru. Retrieved June 20, 2012.

Sources

• Новгородская областная Дума. Областной закон №559-ОЗ от 11 ноября 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Новгородской области», в ред. Областного закона №730-ОЗ от 26 февраля 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Областной закон "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Новгородской области"». Вступил в силу 1 января 2006 г. Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №75, 23 ноября 2005 г. (Novgorod Oblast Duma. Oblast Law #559-OZ of November 11, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #730-OZ of February 26, 2015 On Amending the Oblast Law "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast". Effective as of January 1, 2006.).
• Администрация Новгородской области. Постановление №121 от 8 апреля 2008 г. «Об реестре административно-территориального устройства области», в ред. Постановления №408 от 4 августа 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в реестр административно-территориального устройства области». Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №49–50, 16 апреля 2008 г. (Administration of Novgorod Oblast. Resolution #121 of April 8, 2008 On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #408 of August 4, 2014 On Amending the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast. ).
• Новгородская областная Дума. Областной закон №399-ОЗ от 17 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории Солецкого муниципального района, наделении их статусом городского и сельских поселений, определении административных центров и перечня населённых пунктов, входящих в состав территорий поселений», в ред. Областного закона №120-ОЗ от 3 октября 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые областные Законы, содержащие перечни населённых пунктов, входящих в состав территорий поселений». Вступил в силу со дня, следующего за днём официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №11–12, 26 января 2005 г. (Novgorod Oblast Duma. Oblast Law #399-OZ of January 17, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Within the Territory of Soletsky Municipal District, on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements, on Establishing Their Administrative Centers, and on Compiling the Lists of Inhabited Localities Within the Settlement Territories, as amended by the Oblast Law #120-OZ of October 3, 2012 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Containing the Registries of the Inhabited Localities on the Territories of the Settlements. Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication.).
• Снытко, О. В.; et al. (2009). С. Д. Трифонов; Т. Б. Чуйкова; Л. В. Федина; А. Э. Дубоносова (eds.). Административно-территориальное деление Новгородской губернии и области 1727-1995 гг. Справочник (PDF) (in Russian). Saint Petersburg. Retrieved June 20, 2012.