Timeline of Kisangani

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Prior to 20th century

• 1875 - Town besieged by Arabs.[1]
• 1883 - Europeans arrive.[1]
• 1887 - Tippu Tip becomes governor of the Stanley Falls District in the colonial Congo Free State.
• 1899 - Cathédrale Notre-Dame du Rosaire built.

20th century

• 1904 - Catholic Apostolic Prefecture of Stanley Falls established.[2]
• 1906 - Ponthiérville-Stanleyville railway begins operating.[3]
• 1908 - Town becomes part of the colonial Belgian Congo.
• 1913 - Justin Malfeyt becomes governor of Orientale Province.[4][5]
• 1921 - Ligne Aérienne du Roi Albert (Leopoldville-Stanleville) airline begins operating.
• 1930 - October: Tornado occurs.[6]
• 1935 - Town becomes seat of the newly formed Stanleyville province.[7]
• 1947 - Town becomes seat of the Orientale Province.[7]
• 1955 - AS Nika (football club) formed.
• 1957 - Bralima Brewery plant begins operating.
• 1959 - Population: 126,533 (estimate).[8]
• 1960
  • 30 June: City becomes part of newly independent Republic of the Congo.
  • July: Unrest.[9]
• 1964
  • City taken by rebels during the Simba rebellion.
  • November: 1964 Stanleyville massacre occurs.[10]
  • Stanleyville becomes capital of the newly created People's Republic of the Congo.[11]
• 1966
  • July: Mercenaries' Mutiny attempted.
  • Stanleyville renamed "Kisangani."[7]
• 1967 - Second Mercenaries' Mutiny occurs.
• 1970
  • Belgian king Baudouin visits city.
  • Population: 216,526.[1]
• 1971
  • Société Textile de Kisangani (manufactory) begins operating.[12]
  • City becomes seat of Haut-Zaïre province.[11]
• 1975 - Population: 297,888 (estimate).[13]
• 1980 - May: Catholic pope visits Kisangani.
• 1981 - University of Kisangani established.
• 1984 - Population: 317,581.[14]
• 1986 - "Diamond deposits...first discovered."[1]
• 1991 - September: City "pillaged...by rampaging soldiers."[15]
• 1992 - November: Riverboat shutdown begins.[16]
• 1993 - December: City again looted by soldiers.[16]
• 1994 - Population: 417,517.[1][17]
• 1996 - November: City besieged by "Zairian soldiers fleeing the war zone" during the First Congo War.[15]
• 1997
  • March: City taken by rebel forces.[18][19]
  • City becomes seat of Haut-Congo province.[7]
• 2000 - June: Rwanda-Uganda armed conflict occurs in Kisangani.[20]

21st century

• 2002 - 14–15 May: Massacre.
• 2003 - August: Arrival via Congo river of "first commercial delivery from the capital since the fighting began in 1998."[21]
• 2007 - Médard Autsai Asenga becomes provincial governor.[22]
• 2008 - Guy Shilton Baendo Tofuli becomes mayor.[23]
• 2010 - National military Camp Base in operation (approximate date).
• 2011 - 8 July: Airplane crash occurs at Bangoka International Airport.
• 2013 - Jean Bamanisa Saïdi becomes provincial governor.[22]
• 2015 - City becomes seat of Tshopo province (officially created in 2006).
• 2016 - Jean Ilongo Tokole becomes governor of Tshopo province.[24]
• 2017 - Constant Lomata becomes governor of Tshopo province.[25]

See also

• Kisangani history
• Timelines of other cities in DR Congo: Bukavu, Goma, Kinshasa, Lubumbashi

References

1. Omasombo 2005.
2. "Democratic Republic of the Congo". Chronology of Catholic Dioceses. Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
3. MacGaffey 1987.
4. "Liste des gouverneurs de la Province Orientale". Stanleyville.be (in French). Jean-Luc Ernst. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
5. "Malfeyt" (PDF), Biographie Belge d'Outre-Mer (in French), Institut Royal Colonial Belge, 1952
6. L'Illustration Congolaise (in French), Brussels, 1931, OCLC 47785474
7. Gwillim Law (1999). "Democratic Republic of the Congo". Administrative Subdivisions of Countries: A Comprehensive World Reference, 1900 through 1998. US: McFarland & Company. pp. 92–94. ISBN 0786407298.
8. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161. Stanleyville
9. "Thriving Stanleyville Now Depressed Kisangani", New York Times, 28 June 1970
10. "28 More White Hostages Found Slain in Stanleyville", New York Times, 28 November 1964
11. Emizet Francois Kisangani (2016). Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (4th ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781442273160.
12. "R.D. Congo: Kisangani". Petit Futé (in French). Retrieved 23 October 2017.
13. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.
14. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2000. United Nations Statistics Division.
15. French 1997.
16. Kenneth B. Noble (18 March 1993), "Kisangani Journal; With Artery Severed, Heart of Africa Grows Still", New York Times
17. Association pour le Developpement de l'Information Environmentale, 2003
18. "Zaire Rebels Begin Attack On Key City of Kisangani", New York Times, 15 March 1997
19. James C. McKinley Jr. (17 March 1997), "A Fallen City, Seeking Peace, Greets Rebels", New York Times
20. "Congo's hidden war", The Economist, London, 15 June 2000
21. "A mend in the river", The Economist, London, 7 August 2003
22. "RDC: le réveil de Kisangani, la belle endormie", Jeune Afrique (in French), 23 December 2014
23. "Liste des maires de la ville depuis 1960". Stanleyville.be (in French). Jean-Luc Ernst. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
24. "RDC: liste de nouveaux gouverneurs de province élus", Radiookapi.net (in French), 26 March 2016
25. "Constant Lomata nouveau gouverneur de la Tshopo", Radiookapi.net (in French), 29 August 2017

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• Valdo Pons (1969). Stanleyville: An African Urban Community under Belgian Administration. Oxford University Press, for International African Institute. ISBN 9780197241769.
• V. S. Naipaul (1979). A Bend in the River. ISBN 0-394-50573-5. (Novel set in fictional town similar to Kisangani)
• Janet MacGaffey (1987). Entrepreneurs and Parasites: The Struggle for Indigenous Capitalism in Zaïre. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-33533-1. (Case study of Kisangani)
• Howard W. French (14 February 1997), "Kisangani Journal: An Outpost Whose Futures Have Come and Gone", New York Times
• Jean Tshonda Omasombo (2002). "Kisangani and the curve of destiny". In Okwui Enwezor (ed.). Under Siege: Four African Cities, Freetown, Johannesburg, Kinshasa, Lagos. Ostfildern, Germany: Hatje Cantz. ISBN 978-3-7757-9090-1. Documenta11
• Jean Omasombo (2005). "Kisangani: A City at its Lowest Ebb". In Abdoumaliq Simone; Abdelghani Abouhani (eds.). Urban Africa: Changing Contours of Survival in the City. London: Zed Books. ISBN 1842775936.

in French

• "Stanleyville", L'État indépendant du Congo: documents sur le pays et ses habitants, Annales du Musée du Congo (in French), Brussels, 1904 – via HathiTrust
• Élisabethville-Stanleyville par la route (Touring-Club du Congo belge, Léopoldville, 31 mars 1941, pp. 25–26 ; 30 avril 1941, pp. 46–47).
• Singhitini F. M. de Thier(?) (1963), La Stanleyville musulmane [Muslim Stanleyville], Correspondance d'Orient (in French), Brussels: Centre pour l'Etude du Problème du Monde musulman contemporain
• Benoît Verhaegen, ed. (1975). Kisangani 1876-1976. Histoire d'une ville (in French). Kinshasa: Presses Universitaires du Zaïre. OCLC 869660596.
• Bogumil Jewsiecki (1978). "Histoire économique d'une ville coloniale Kisangani: 1877-1960". Les cahiers du CEDAF (in French). Brussels: Centre d'Etudes et de Documentation Africaines (5). ISSN 0250-1619.
• Léon de Saint Moulin (2010). "Kisangani". Villes et organisation de l'espace en République Démocratique du Congo (in French). L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-296-25787-0.
• Bérengère Piret (2014), Les cent mille briques. La prison et les détenus de Stanleyville [Hundred thousand bricks: the prison and inmates of Stanleyville] (in French), Lille: Centre d'histoire judiciaire, ISBN 978-2-910114-26-8

External links

• "(Kisangani)". Contemporary History Library Catalogue. Belgium: Royal Museum for Central Africa. (Bibliography) (see also "Stanleyville")
• "(Kisangani)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography) (see also "Stanleyville")
• Items related to Kisangani, various dates (via Europeana)
• Items related to Stanleyville/Kisangani, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)

Images

• 
  Politician Moïse Tshombe visits Stanleyville, 1964
• 
  Hydroelectric dam on Tshopo river, built in 1954-1955 (photo 2006)
• 
  Map of Kisangani, 1997
• 
  Military training at Camp Base, Kisangani, 2010