1971 in the United States
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Events from the year 1971 in the United States.
Incumbents
Federal Government
- President: Richard Nixon (R-California)
- Vice President: Spiro Agnew (R-Maryland)
- Chief Justice: Warren E. Burger (Minnesota)
- Speaker of the House of Representatives: John William McCormack (D-Massachusetts) (until January 3), Carl Albert (D-Oklahoma) (starting January 21)
- Senate Majority Leader: Mike Mansfield (D-Montana)
- Congress: 91st (until January 3), 92nd (starting January 3)
Events
January
January 25: Charles Manson is found guilty of murder
- January 1 – The Uniform Monday Holiday Act takes effect: Washington's Birthday and several other Federal holidays are always observed on certain Mondays, resulting in more three-day weekends for federal employees.
- January 2 – A ban on radio and television cigarette advertisements goes into effect in the United States.[1]
- January 8
- Voyageurs National Park is established.
- Gulf Islands National Seashore is established.
- January 12 – The landmark television sitcom All in the Family, starring Carroll O'Connor as Archie Bunker, debuts on CBS.
- January 17 – Super Bowl V: The Baltimore Colts defeat the Dallas Cowboys 16–13 at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida.
- January 25 – In Los Angeles, Charles Manson and three female "Family" members are found guilty of the 1969 Tate-LaBianca murders.
- January 31 – Apollo program: Apollo 14 (carrying astronauts Alan Shepard, Stuart Roosa, and Edgar Mitchell) lifts off on the third successful lunar landing mission.
February
- February 9
- The 6.5–6.7 Mw Sylmar earthquake hits the Greater Los Angeles Area with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing 58–65 and injuring 200–2,000.
- Apollo program: Apollo 14 returns to Earth after the third manned Moon landing.
- Satchel Paige becomes the first Negro league player to become voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
- February 11 – The U.S., United Kingdom, and the USSR (along with others) sign the Seabed Treaty, outlawing nuclear weapons on the ocean floor.
- February 20
- The Mississippi Delta tornado outbreak leaves 123 dead and more than 1,592 injured.
- The U.S. Emergency Broadcast System sends an erroneous warning; many radio stations ignore it.
March
- March 1 – A bomb explodes in the men's room at the U.S. Capitol; the Weather Underground organization claims responsibility.[2]
- March 8 – Boxer Joe Frazier defeats Muhammad Ali in a 15-round unanimous decision at Madison Square Garden.
- March 24 – Congress discontinues funding for supersonic transport (SST); primary contractor was Boeing.[3][4][5][6][7]
- March 29
- U.S. Army Lieutenant William Calley is found guilty of 22 murders in the My Lai massacre and sentenced to life in prison. After intervention from President Nixon, he is released in 1974.
- A Los Angeles jury recommends the death penalty for Charles Manson and three female followers.
- March 31 – The first Starbucks coffee shop opens, in Pike Place Market, Elliott Bay, Seattle.
April
- April 9 – Charles Manson is sentenced to death; in 1972, the sentence for all California death row inmates is commuted to life imprisonment (see Furman v. Georgia).
- April 10 – Veterans Stadium in Philadelphia opens.
- April 20 – Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education: The Supreme Court of the United States rules unanimously that busing of students may be ordered to achieve racial desegregation.
- April 24 – Five hundred thousand people in Washington, DC and 125,000 in San Francisco march in protest against the Vietnam War.[2]
- April 30 – The Milwaukee Bucks win the championship of the National Basketball Association in just their third season, completing a four-game sweep of the Baltimore Bullets in the finals.
May
- May 1 – Amtrak begins inter-city rail passenger service in the United States.
- May 3
- A Harris Poll claims that 60% of Americans are against the Vietnam War.
- Anti-war activists attempt to disrupt government business in Washington, D.C.; police and military units arrest as many as 12,000, most of whom are later released.
- May 5 – The US dollar floods the European currency markets and threatens especially the Deutsche Mark; the central banks of Austria, Belgium, Netherlands and Switzerland stop the currency trading.
- May 9 – Mariner 8 fails to launch.
- May 29 – Al Unser wins the Indianapolis 500 in the Vel's Parnelli Jones Special Colt-Ford.
- May 30 – Mariner program: Mariner 9 is launched toward Mars.
June
- June – Massachusetts passes its Chapter 766 laws enacting Special Education.
- June 1 – Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans for a Just Peace, claiming to represent the majority of U.S. veterans who served in Southeast Asia, speak against war protests.
- June 6 – A midair collision between Hughes Airwest Flight 706 Douglas DC-9 jetliner and a U.S. Marine Corps McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom jet fighter near Duarte, Californiaclaims 50 lives.
- June 10 – The U.S. ends its trade embargo of China.
- June 13 – Vietnam War: The New York Times begins to publish the Pentagon Papers.[8][9]
- June 17 – Representatives of Japan and the United States sign the Okinawa Reversion Agreement, whereby the U.S. will return control of Okinawa.[10]
- June 18 – Southwest Airlines, the most successful low cost carrier in history, begins its first flights between Dallas, Houston and San Antonio.
- June 25 – Madagascar accuses the U.S. of being connected to the plot to oust the current government; the U.S. recalls its ambassador.
- June 27 – Concert promoter Bill Graham closes the legendary Fillmore East, which first opened on 2nd Avenue (between 5th and 6th Streets) in New York City on March 8, 1968.
- June 28
- Assassin Jerome A. Johnson shoots Joe Colombo in the head in a middle of an Italian-American rally, putting him in a coma and paralyzing him. He dies seven years later as a result of his injuries.
- Lemon v. Kurtzman: The Supreme Court of the U.S. rules in a landmark case on the Establishment Clause.
- June 30 – The New York Times Co. v. United States: The Supreme Court of the U.S. rules that the Pentagon Papers may be published, rejecting government injunctions as unconstitutional prior restraint.[8]
July
July 26–August 7: Apollo 15
- July 1 – The Postal Reorganization Act goes into effect replacing the Cabinet-level Post Office Department with the United States Postal Service.
- July 3 – Jim Morrison, lead singer and lyricist of The Doors, is found dead in his bathtub in Paris, France.
- July 5 – Right to vote: The 26th Amendment to the United States Constitution is formally certified by President Richard Nixon, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18.
- July 19 – The South Tower of the World Trade Center is topped out at 1,362 feet (415 m), making it the second tallest building in the world.
- July 26 – Apollo 15 (carrying astronauts David Scott, Alfred Worden, and James Irwin) is launched.
- July 31 – Apollo 15 astronauts David Scott and James Irwin become the first to ride in a lunar rover, a day after landing on the Moon.
August
- August – The unemployment rate peaks at 6.1%.
- August 1 – In New York City, 40,000 attend the Concert for Bangladesh.
- August 7 – Apollo 15 returns to Earth.
- August 11 – Construction begins on the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans.
- August 15 – President Richard Nixon announces that the United States will no longer convert dollars to gold at a fixed value, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system. He also imposes a 90-day freeze on wages, prices and rents.
- August 20 – The USS Manatee (AO-58) spills 1,000 US gallons (3,800 L) of fuel oil on President Nixon's Western White House beach in San Clemente, California.
September
- September 4 – A Boeing 727 (Alaska Airlines Flight 1866) crashes into the side of a mountain near Juneau, Alaska, killing all 111 people on board.
- September 8 – In Washington, D.C., the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is inaugurated, with the opening feature being the premiere of Leonard Bernstein's Mass.
- September 9–September 13 – Attica Prison riots: A revolt breaks out at the maximum-security prison in Attica, New York. In the end, state police and the United States National Guard storm the facility; 42 are killed, 10 of them hostages.[11]
- September 22 – Ernest Medina is cleared of all charges connected with the My Lai massacre.
- September 28 – Cardinal József Mindszenty, who had taken refuge in the U.S. Embassy in Budapest since 1956, is allowed to leave Hungary.
- September 30 – Unruly fans storm the field at Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium during the final game for the second incarnation of the Washington Senators, who will move to Arlington, Texas prior to the next season and become the Texas Rangers. The Senators, leading the New York Yankees 7-5 with two out in the ninth inning when fans invade the diamond, are forced to forfeit.
October
- October 1 – Walt Disney World opens in Orlando, Florida.
- October 17 – The Pittsburgh Pirates defeat the Baltimore Orioles, 4 games to 3, to win their fourth World Series title.
- October 18 – In New York City, the Knapp Commission begins public hearings on police corruption.
- October 21 – U.S. President Richard Nixon nominates Lewis Franklin Powell Jr. and William H. Rehnquist to the U.S. Supreme Court.
- October 23 – Texas Christian University football coach Jim Pittman collapses on the sideline and dies from a massive heart attack while coaching the Horned Frogs during a game against Southwest Conference rival Baylor in Waco, Texas.
- October 24 – Detroit Lions wide receiver Chuck Hughes collapses and dies of a heart attack near the end of a game against the Chicago Bears in Detroit.
- October 29 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization: The total number of American troops in Vietnam drops to a record low of 196,700 (the lowest since January 1966).
November
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November 15: The Intel 4004, the first commercially available microprocessor, is released
- November 6 – Operation Grommet: The U.S. tests a thermonuclear warhead at Amchitka Island in Alaska, code-named Project Cannikin. At around 5 megatons, it is the largest ever U.S. underground detonation.
- November 12 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon sets February 1, 1972, as the deadline for the removal of another 45,000 American troops from Vietnam.
- November 12 – Arches National Park is established.
- November 13 – Mariner program: Mariner 9 becomes the first spacecraft to enter Mars orbit successfully.
- November 15 – Intel releases the world's first commercially available microprocessor, the Intel 4004.
- November 24 – During a severe thunderstorm over Washington, a man calling himself D. B. Cooper parachutes from the Northwest Orient Airlines plane he hijacked, with US$200,000 in ransom money, and is never seen again.
December
- December 8 – U.S. President Richard Nixon orders the 7th Fleet to move towards the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean.
- December 10
- The John Sinclair Freedom Rally in support of the imprisoned activist features a performance by John Lennon at Crisler Arena in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
- George Lucas founds Lucasfilm.
- December 11
- The Libertarian Party (United States) is established.
- An explosion in a water tunnel beneath Lake Huron in Port Huron, Michigan kills 22.
- December 18
- The U.S. dollar is devalued for the second time in history.
- Capitol Reef National Park is established.
- December 22 – KUAC-TV in Fairbanks, Alaska launches, becoming the 49th state's first public television station.
- December 23 – Rudolph The Red Nosed Reindeer airs for the last time on NBC, as KENI-TV (now KTUU-TV) in Anchorage Alaska, KFAR-TV (now KATN, current ABC affiliate) in Fairbanks Alaska, KHON-TV (current Fox affiliate) in Honolulu, Hawaii and KUAM-TV in Guam air the special in prime time. It will move to CBS a year later. NBC's next airing of any special in the Rudolph franchise is the sequel, Rudolph Shines Again, which premiered on December 6, 2019 at 8 pm, 55 years to the day of the special's first broadcast on NBC. The special itself would return to NBC on November 26, 2020 at 2 pm, followed by its 2019 sequel at 3 pm.
- December 25 – In the longest game in NFL history, the Miami Dolphins beat the Kansas City Chiefs 27-24 after 22 minutes, 40 seconds of sudden death overtime.
Undated
- Crude oil production peaks in the continental United States at approximately 4.5 million barrels per day (720,000 m3/d).
Ongoing
- Cold War (1947–1991)
- Space Race (1957–1975)
- Vietnam War, U.S. involvement (1964–1973)
- Détente (c. 1969–1979)
Births
January
- January 1
- Bridget Pettis, basketball player
- Denise Stapley, sex therapist and former game show contestant, winner of Survivor: Philippines
- January 2
- Taye Diggs, actor
- Renée Elise Goldsberry, American actress[12]
- Lisa Harrison, basketball player
- January 7
- Jeremy Renner, actor
- Kevin Rahm, actor
- January 8 – Jason Giambi, American baseball player
- January 11 – Mary J. Blige, singer
- January 15 – Regina King, actress
- January 18 – Jonathan Davis, musician (Korn)
- January 19 – Shawn Wayans, actor, writer, and producer
- January 20
- Brian Giles, baseball player
- Derrick Green, singer-songwriter
- January 23
- Kevin Mawae, American football player and coach
- Marc Nelson, singer-songwriter
- January 24 – Kenya Moore, actress and model
- January 30 – Lizzie Grubman, publicist
February
- February 1
- Rebecca Creskoff, actress
- Michael C. Hall, actor
- Jill Kelly, pornographic actress
- Hynden Walch, actress
- February 2 – Kevin Symons, actor
- February 4
- Eric Garcetti, 42nd mayor of Los Angeles
- Michael A. Goorjian, actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- February 9 – Sharon Case, model and actress[13]
- February 10
- Lisa Marie Varon, professional wrestler
- Annie Wood, actress, writer and television personality
- February 12 – Scott Menville, actor and voice actor
- February 13 – Matt Berninger, singer-songwriter
- February 14 – Tommy Dreamer, wrestler
- February 16 – Dan Green, voice actor and voice director
- February 17 – Denise Richards, actress
- February 22 – Lea Salonga, internationally-known Filipina singer and Broadway actress
- February 25 – Sean Astin, actor
- February 28 – Amanda Davis, writer and teacher (d. 2003)
March
- March 4 – Shavar Ross, actor and producer
- March 5
- Yuri Lowenthal, actor, voice actor, producer and screenwriter
- Scott Mosier, producer
- March 7
- Peter Sarsgaard, actor
- Kali Troy, voice actress
- March 9
- Mike DelGuidice, musician and singer/songwriter
- Emmanuel Lewis, actor
- March 11 – Johnny Knoxville, daredevil, actor, comedian, screenwriter and film producer
- March 15 – Chris Patton, voice actor
- March 21 – Craig McCracken, animator, director, and producer
- March 22
- Keegan-Michael Key, actor, writer, and comedian[14]
- Will Yun Lee, Korean-American actor
- March 26 – Erick Morillo, DJ, music producer, and record label owner (d. 2020)
- March 29 – Robert Gibbs, White House Press Secretary
- March 30 – Mari Holden, American cyclist[15]
- March 31 – Craig McCracken, animator, writer, and cartoonist
April
- April 3
- David Michael Barrett, screenwriter and film producer
- Picabo Street, skier
- April 12 – Shannen Doherty, actress
- April 15 – Jason Sehorn, American football player
- April 16
- Peter Billingsley, actor, director, and producer
- Selena Quintanilla, entertainer and Tejano singer (d. 1995)
- April 18 – Fredro Starr, rapper
- April 19 – Wendy Powell, voice actress
- April 20
- Allan Houston, basketball player
- Mikey Welsh, musician and artist (d. 2011)
- April 22 – Eric Mabius, actor
- April 26 – Shondrella Avery, actress
- April 28 – Bridget Moynahan, actress
- April 29
- Darby Stanchfield, actress
- Tamara Johnson-George, singer
May
- May 1 – Ethan Albright, American football player
- May 11 – Malaika Griffin, Anti-white racist convicted of the 1999 murder of Jason Patrick Horsley[16]
- May 5 – Dresta, rapper
- May 8 – Ross Anderson, pro speed skier
- May 12
- Doug Basham, wrestler
- Jamie Luner, actress
- May 14 – Sofia Coppola, screenwriter, film director, producer and actress, daughter of Francis Ford Coppola
- May 15 – Phil Pfister, strength athlete
- May 18 – Desiree Horton, helicopter pilot, television reporter and aerial firefighter
- May 19 – Stephanie Nadolny, voice actress and singer
- May 20 – Tony Stewart, race car driver
- May 25 – Sonya Smith, actress
- May 26 – Matt Stone, television producer
- May 27 – Lisa Lopes, rapper, singer, songwriter and dancer (d. 2002 in Honduras)
- May 28 – Marco Rubio, U.S. Senator from Florida from 2011
- May 30
- John Ross Bowie, actor and comedian
- Idina Menzel, Actress and Singer-Songwriter
June
- June 4
- June 5
- Robert Melson, murderer (d. 2017)
- Mark Wahlberg, actor and singer
- June 7
- Terrell Buckley, American football player and coach
- Alex Mooney, lawyer and politician
- June 8 – Troy Vincent, American football player
- June 10 – Bobby Jindal, 55th Governor of Louisiana from 2008 to 2016
- June 12 – Mark Henry, wrestler
- June 15 – Jake Busey, actor, musician, and film producer
- June 16 – Tupac Shakur, rapper, poet, actor, and murder victim (d. 1996)
- June 18 – Nathan Morris, singer
- June 22
- Kurt Warner, American football player
- Mary Lynn Rajskub, actress and comedian
July
- July 1 – Missy Elliott, singer
- July 4 – Al Madrigal, comedian, writer, actor and producer
- July 9 – Marc Andreessen, software engineer and entrepreneur
- July 10
- Aaron D. Spears, actor
- Jennifer A. Nielsen, author
- July 11 – Brett Hauer, ice hockey player
- July 12
- Kristi Yamaguchi, figure skater
- Loni Love, comedian
- July 13
- Jason Danieley, actor, singer, concert performer and recording artist
- Craig Elliott, illustrator
- July 14
- Mark LoMonaco, professional wrestler
- Joey Styles, professional wrestling announcer
- July 16
- Corey Feldman, actor
- Ed Kowalczyk, singer-songwriter
- July 18
- Penny Hardaway, basketball player
- Joseph Russo, film and television director
- July 19
- Russell Allen, singer and lyricist
- Andrew Kavovit, actor
- July 20
- William DeMeo, actor, producer, director and writer
- DJ Screw, hip hop DJ (d. 2000)
- July 22
- Kristine Lilly, soccer player
- Aaron McCargo Jr., chef, TV personality and TV show host
- July 23
- Alison Krauss, country singer
- Scott Krippayne, Christian musician
- July 26 – Reggie Carthon, American football player
- July 28 – Jeffrey S. Williams, American journalist and author
- July 29 – Monica Calhoun, actress
- July 30 – Christine Taylor, actress and wife of Ben Stiller
August
- August 4
- Jeff Gordon, race car driver
- Yo-Yo, rapper
- August 12
- Michael Ian Black, actor and comedian
- Yvette Nicole Brown, actress and comedian
- Pete Sampras, tennis player
- August 18 – Jacob Vargas, actor
- August 28 – Janet Evans, swimmer[17]
- August 29 – Carla Gugino, actress
- August 31 – Chris Tucker, actor and comedian
September
- September 2
- Tommy Maddox, American football player
- Shauna Sand, model and actress
- September 8 – Brooke Burke-Charvet, model
- September 9
- Eric Stonestreet, actor
- Henry Thomas, actor and musician
- September 11
- Markos Moulitsas, soldier, activist, blogger, and author
- Shelton Quarles, American football player and scout
- September 14
- Christopher McCulloch, actor and voice actor
- Kimberly Williams-Paisley, actress
- September 15
- Josh Charles, actor
- Colleen Villard, voice actress
- September 16 – Amy Poehler, actress
- September 18
- Lance Armstrong, cyclist[18]
- Jada Pinkett Smith, actress
- September 19 – Sanaa Lathan, actress
- September 21
- Alfonso Ribeiro, actor, television director, dancer, and host of America's Funniest Home Videos
- Luke Wilson, actor
- September 22
- Ted Leonard, singer (Enchant)
- Lawrence Gilliard Jr., African-American actor
- September 23 – Sean Spicer, 30th White House Press Secretary
- September 24 – Michael S. Engel, paleontologist & entomologist
- September 25
- John Lynch, American football player
- Brian Dunkleman, comedian and actor
- September 26 – Joel Breton, video game producer
- September 30
- Jeff Whitty, writer
- Jenna Elfman, actress
October
- October 2 – Tiffany, singer
- October 3 – Kevin Richardson, singer
- October 8 – Sean Palmer, actor
- October 9 – Stevie Richards, wrestler
- October 10 – Tiffany Mynx, porn actress and director
- October 13 – Billy Bush, radio and television host
- October 17
- Martin Heinrich, politician and U.S. Senator (D-New Mexico)
- Chris Kirkpatrick, singer ('N Sync)
- Blues Saraceno, rock guitarist, composer and music producer
- October 24
- Caprice Bourret, model and actress
- Aaron Bailey, American football player
- Zephyr Teachout, academic
- October 26
- Jim Butcher, author[19]
- Anthony Rapp, actor and singer
- October 29 – Winona Ryder, actress
November
- November 2 – Eric Wall, writer and political activist
- November 3 – Jonathan Blow, video game designer and programmer
- November 7 – Robin Finck, guitarist
- November 8
- Tech N9ne, rapper
- Benjamin King, actor
- November 9 – Big Pun, rapper (d. 2000)
- November 11 – David DeLuise, actor and son of Dom DeLuise and Carol Arthur
- November 13 – Noah Hathaway, actor
- November 20 – Joel McHale, comedian, actor, writer, television producer, and television personality
- November 21 – Michael Strahan, American football player and television personality[20]
- November 23
- Lisa Arch, actress and comedian
- Chris Hardwick, actor and comedian
- November 27 – Kirk Acevedo, actor
December
- December 1 – John Schlimm, writer
- December 5 – Kali Rocha, actress
- December 6 – Ryan White, notable victim (d. 1990)
- December 10 – Michele Mahone, television entertainment reporter and former make-up artist and hair stylist
- December 13 – Henry Dittman, actor, voice actor and television host
- December 15 – Monica Lee Gradischek, actress and voice actress
- December 16 – Michael McCary, singer
- December 19 – Tyson Beckford, model
- December 26 – Jared Leto, actor and musician
- December 27
- Savannah Guthrie, television host and anchor[21]
- Jason Hawes, paranormal investigator and businessman
- December 28 – Frank Sepe, bodybuilder and model
Deaths
- January 4 – Arthur Ford, psychic, founder of Spiritual Frontiers Fellowship (b. 1896)
- January 21 – Richard Russell Jr., United States Senator from Georgia; President pro tempore during the 91st Congress (b. 1897)
- March 11 – Philo Farnsworth, inventor and television pioneer (b. 1906)
- March 16 – Thomas E. Dewey, 47th Governor of New York and Republican nominee for president (b. 1902)
- March 24 – George G. O'Connor, general (b. 1914)
- April 6 – Igor Stravinsky, composer (b. 1882 in Russia)
- April 15 – Dan Reeves, businessman, owner of the National Football League's Los Angeles Rams (b. 1912)
- July 3 – Jim Morrison, singer-songwriter and poet, died in Paris, France (b. 1943)
- July 6 – Louis Armstrong, African American jazz trumpeter and actor (b. 1901)
- July 7 – Ub Iwerks, animator, cartoonist, character designer, inventor and special effects technician (b. 1901)
- September 25 – Hugo Lafayette Black, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States 1937–71 (b. 1886)
- December 7 – Ferdinand Pecora, lawyer (b. 1882 in Sicily)
- December 9 – Ralph Bunche, Nobel diplomat (b. 1904)
References
- "Cigarette Maker Phillip Morris Agrees to Remove Advertising Signs from Sports Stadiums Where They Were Shown on TV" (1995), DOJ315.
- Mitchell K. Hall (2008). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Nixon-Ford Era. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6410-8.
- "Senators reject more funds for transport plane". The Bulletin. (Bend, Oregon). UPI. March 24, 1971. p. 1.
- "SST funds denied". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). Associated Press. March 24, 1971. p. 1.
- "Boeing will lay off 7,000 workers with disbandment of SST program". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). Associated Press. March 26, 1971. p. 1.
- "SST supporters see little chance of reviving plan". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). Associated Press. March 25, 1971. p. 1.
- "Boeing workers hardest hit by vote". The Bulletin. (Bend, Oregon). UPI. March 25, 1971. p. 1.
- "New York Times Co. v. United States". Archived from the original on 2005-12-04. Retrieved 2005-12-05.
- Frankum Jr., Ronald B. (2011). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the War in Vietnam. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7956-0.
- Okinawa Reversion Agreement, 17th June, 1971
- James Stuart Olson, ed. (1999). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the 1970s. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30543-6.
- "This day in history - The Boston Globe". Boston Globe. 2 January 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
Jan. 2, the second day of 2018... Birthdays... Actress Renee Elise Goldsberry is 47.
- "The Young and the Restless Cast: Sharon Case". CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
- Editors of Chase's (24 September 2019). Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 185. ISBN 978-1-64143-316-7.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
- "Mari Holden Bio, Stats, and Results". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
- "Griffin, Malaika". Colorado Department of Corrections. 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
- "Janet Evans - Olympic swimmer". olympic.org. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
- "Lance Armstrong, Biography, Tour de France, Doping, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
- iago (2004-10-26). "Jim's Birthday!". Jim-Butcher.Com. Retrieved 2015-10-14.
- "Michael Strahan (1971–)". Biography.com. Archived from the original on March 11, 2020. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
- "Savannah Guthrie". TVGuide.com. Archived from the original on March 9, 2016. Retrieved June 7, 2016.
External links
Media related to 1971 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
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