52nd New Zealand Parliament

The 52nd New Zealand Parliament was a session of legislature in New Zealand, which opened on 7 November 2017 following the 2017 general election and dissolved on 6 September 2020. The New Zealand Parliament comprises the Sovereign (represented by the governor-general) and the House of Representatives, which consists of 120 members.[2]

52nd Parliament of New Zealand
←51st Parliament 53rd Parliament→
Overview
Legislative bodyNew Zealand Parliament
Term7 November 2017 – 6 September 2020[1]
Election2017 New Zealand general election
GovernmentSixth Labour Government
House of Representatives
Members120
Speaker of the HouseTrevor Mallard
Leader of the HouseChris Hipkins
Prime MinisterJacinda Ardern
Leader of the OppositionJudith Collins
— Todd Muller until 14 July 2020
— Simon Bridges until 22 May 2020
— Bill English until 27 February 2018
Sovereign
MonarchElizabeth II
Governor-GeneralPatsy Reddy

The 52nd Parliament was elected using a mixed-member proportional representation (MMP) voting system. Members of Parliament (MPs) represent 71 geographical electorates: 16 in the South Island, 48 in the North Island and 7 Māori electorates. The remaining members were elected from party lists using the Sainte-Laguë method to achieve proportionality. The number of geographical electorates was increased by one at the 2014 election, to account for the North Island's higher population growth.[3]

Background

2017 general election
Main article: 2017 New Zealand general election

The 2017 general election was held on Saturday, 23 September 2017. Voters elected 120 members to the House of Representatives, with 71 electorate members and 49 list members. Official results indicated that the National Party had won a plurality, winning 56 seats; down from 60 in 2014. The Labour Party won 46 seats, up from 32 at the last election. Their partner, the Green Party won 8 seats, down from 14. New Zealand First won 9 seats, down from 11. ACT won the electorate of Epsom, and enough party votes to avoid an overhang, but failed to win any more party votes to entitle it to more seats.[4]

Formation

Since neither the National–ACT or Labour–Green blocs managed to reach the necessary majority to form a government, New Zealand First was left in the position of kingmaker. Negotiations between New Zealand First and each of National and Labour continued over the next four weeks. On 19 October, Winston Peters announced he was forming a coalition agreement with Labour, with the Greens in a confidence-and-supply agreement. The Greens' support, plus the coalition, resulting in 63 seats to National's 56 – enough to ensure that Ardern maintains the confidence of the House.[5][6] On 26 October 2017, the 52nd Parliament was officially opened, and Jacinda Ardern was sworn in as prime minister by Governor-General Dame Patsy Reddy.[7]

Parliamentary term

Jacinda Ardern, as Leader of the Labour Party, serves as Prime Minister. Winston Peters, as Leader of New Zealand First, serves as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs. Prime Minister Ardern appointed Grant Robertson as Minister of Finance, Ron Mark as Minister of Defence, Kelvin Davis as Minister of Corrections, David Parker as Attorney General, Andrew Little as Minister of Justice, Dr David Clark as Minister of Health, and Chris Hipkins as Minister of Education and Leader of the House.

For a period of six weeks beginning 21 June 2018, Winston Peters served as Acting Prime Minister of New Zealand, while Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern took maternity leave. Ardern was only the second head of government to give birth while in office, after Benazir Bhutto, who gave birth while serving as Prime Minister of Pakistan.

Major events

Major legislation

On 31 October 2017, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern announced that for their first bill, the government would amend the Overseas Investment Act 2005 to categorise existing residential properties as "sensitive", restricting its sale to citizens and permanent residents only.[24] The Overseas Investment Amendment Act 2018 was introduced on 14 December 2017 and received royal assent on 22 August 2018.[25]

On 8 November 2017, the Parental Leave and Employment Protection Amendment Bill was introduced and received royal assent on 4 December 2017. It extends paid parental leave to 22 weeks starting from 1 July 2018 and 26 weeks from 1 July 2020.[26][27]

On 4 December 2017, royal assent was given to the Healthy Homes Guarantee Bill, which was introduced on 15 October 2015 during the previous Parliament. It ensures every rental house in the country meets standards of heating and insulation.[28]

On 22 December 2017, the Misuse of Drugs (Medicinal Cannabis) Amendment Bill was introduced, receiving royal assent on 17 December 2018. The act amends the Misuse of Drugs Act 1975 to allow terminally ill patients to use cannabis, provide a regulatory body to set standards for cannabis products, and declassify cannabidiol as a controlled substance.[29]

On 11 April 2019, royal assent was given to the Arms (Prohibited Firearms, Magazines, and Parts) Amendment Act 2019.[30] It amended the Arms Act 1983 to ban semi-automatic firearms, magazines, and parts that can be used to assemble prohibited firearms.[31]

On 8 May 2019, the Climate Change Response (Zero Carbon) Amendment Bill was introduced, receiving royal assent on 13 November 2019. It provides a framework for developing climate change policies in support of the Paris Agreement.[32][33]

On 23 March 2020, the Abortion Legislation Act received royal assent, decriminalising abortion. Under the act, women can seek an abortion without restrictions within the first 20 weeks of their pregnancy.[34][35]

On 12 May 2020, the COVID-19 Public Health Response Bill was introduced and speedily passed, receiving royal assent the day after. The bill establishes standalone legislation that provides a legal framework for responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand for a period of up to 2 years.[36][37]

Dissolution

Under section 17 of the Constitution Act 1986, Parliament must dissolve a maximum of "3 years from the day fixed for the return of the writs issued for the last preceding general election of members of the House of Representatives, and no longer."[38] The writ for the 2017 election was issued on 23 August 2017 and returned on 12 October 2017, meaning that the 52nd Parliament would have to dissolve on or before 12 October 2020.[39]

This Parliament had its last scheduled sitting on 6 August 2020[19] and was originally set to be dissolved on 12 August.[40] However, the dissolution of Parliament was delayed to 17 August after four cases of COVID-19 outside of a quarantine facility were reported in Auckland leading to an increase in the region's alert level,[20][41] and was later delayed further to 6 September.[1] Parliament resumed sitting on 18 August for a further three weeks.[21][42] The business of the House in this period was limited, sitting only two days a week, for no more than two hours at a time,[21] and for the sole purpose of scrutinising the government's response to COVID-19, with no further legislation progressed.[42] The last sitting of the additional period was held on 2 September,[22] and the Parliament was dissolved as scheduled on 6 September.[23]

Officeholders

Speaker

Other parliamentary officers

The following is a list of other parliamentary officers who are non-political:

Party leaders

Floor leaders

Whips

Shadow Cabinets

Members

The table below show the members of the 52nd Parliament based on the official results of the 2017 general election. Ministerial roles were officially announced on 25 October 2017.

Overview
  • House of Representative membership
  • Begin (from 7 November 2017)
  • 19 October 2018 − 21 July 2020
  • Final (from 21 July 2020)

This table shows the number of MPs in each party:

Affiliation Members[4]
At 2017 election At dissolution
Labour 46 46
NZ First Coa 9 9
Green CS 8 8
Government total 63 63
National 56 54
ACT 1 1
Independent 0 1
Opposition total 57 56
Total 120 119
Working Government majority 6 7
Vacant 0 1[17]

Notes

  • ^Coa New Zealand First announced a coalition agreement with the Labour Party on 19 October 2017.
  • ^CS The Green Party entered into confidence-and-supply agreement with the Labour Party on the same day as the coalition was announced.
  • The Working Government majority is calculated as all Government MPs less all other parties.

Members

Changes

The following changes in Members of Parliament occurred during the term of the 52nd Parliament:

# Seat Incumbent Replacement
Party Name Date vacated Reason Party Name Date elected Change
1. List National Bill English 13 March 2018 [45] Resigned National Maureen Pugh 20 March 2018 [46] List
2. List National Steven Joyce 2 April 2018 [47] Resigned National Nicola Willis 3 April 2018 List
3. Northcote National Jonathan Coleman 15 April 2018 [48] Resigned National Dan Bidois 9 June 2018 National hold

(By-election)

4. Botany National Jami-Lee Ross 19 October 2018 [49] Resigned from the National Party Independent Jami-Lee Ross 19 October 2018 Independent gain
5. List National Chris Finlayson 30 January 2019 Resigned National Agnes Loheni[50] 31 January 2019 List
6. List National Nuk Korako 16 May 2019[51] Resigned National Paulo Garcia[52] 16 May 2019 List
7. Rangitata National Andrew Falloon 21 July 2020[17] Resigned N/A[lower-greek 1]
  1. The resignation of Andrew Falloon took place less than six months before the next general election and therefore a by-election to fill the vacancy was not required.[53]

Seating plan

The chamber is in a horseshoe-shape.[54]

Start of term
Hipango King D. Lee Walker
Tolley Carter Dean D. Bennett Macindoe Simpson Doocey Bakshi M. Lee Dowie Hudson Korako Muller Parmar Reti Penk Yule
Barry N. Smith Kuriger Ross Goldsmith Upston Ngaro Mitchell Wagner Young Hayes McKelvie S. O'Connor Yang Scott Stanford
Finlayson Coleman P. Bennett English Joyce Brownlee Bridges Adams Collins Woodhouse Guy Kaye McClay Bayly S. Smith van de Molen Webb
Seymour Bishop Brown
Mallard Falloon
Logie
Davidson Genter Sage
Martin Mark Peters ARDERN Davis Robertson Hipkins Twyford Woods Little Sepuloni Clark Shaw Hughes Luxton Ghahraman G. O'Connor
Tabuteau Jones Mitchell Dyson Rurawhe Parker Mahuta Nash Lees-Galloway Salesa D. O'Connor Curran Wall Huo Andersen Swarbrick Warren-Clark
Marcroft Patterson Ball Faafoi Henare Jackson Sio Whaitiri Wood Williams Tirikatene Radhakrishnan Tinetti Prime Allan Lubeck Eagle McAnulty
Russell Craig Coffey Strange Kanongata'a-Suisuiki

End of term
Guy Wagner Dowie Vacant
Tolley Carter Young Macindoe Bakshi S. Smith S. O'Connor Yule D. Lee van de Molen King Penk Stanford Pugh Bidois Scott Ross
Hipango Ngaro Doocey Kuriger Dean Mitchell M. Lee Bayly N. Smith Parmar Hudson Brown McKelvie Hayes Loheni Yang
Upston Muller Brownlee Collins Goldsmith Bridges Reti McClay Bishop Simpson D. Bennett Woodhouse Willis P. Bennett Garcia Walker Webb
Seymour Kaye Adams
Mallard Barry
Logie
Davidson Sage Hughes
Martin Mark Peters ARDERN Davis Robertson Hipkins Twyford Woods Little Sepuloni Parker Shaw Genter Kanongata'a-Suisuiki Ghahraman G. O'Connor
Tabuteau Jones Mitchell Wood McAnulty Mahuta Nash Lees-Galloway Salesa D. O'Connor Clark Curran Wall Huo Eagle Swarbrick Warren-Clark
Marcroft Patterson Ball Allan Faafoi Henare Jackson Sio Williams Dyson Rurawhe Whaitiri Tirikatene Radhakrishnan Tinetti Luxton Russell Strange
Prime Andersen Craig Lubeck Coffey

Committees
Main article: New Zealand House of Representatives committees

The 52nd Parliament has 12 select committees and 7 specialist committees.[55] They are listed below, with their chairpersons and deputy chairpersons:

Committee Chairperson Deputy chairperson Government–Opposition divide
Select committees
Economic Development, Science and Innovation Committee Jonathan Young (National) Tamati Coffey (Labour) 5–5
Education and Workforce Committee Parmjeet Parmar (National) Jan Tinetti (Labour) 6–5
Environment Committee Duncan Webb (Labour) Scott Simpson (National) 5–4
Finance and Expenditure Committee Deborah Russell (Labour) Fletcher Tabuteau (NZ First) 7–6
Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Committee Simon O'Connor (National) Paulo Garcia (National) 4–4
Governance and Administration Committee Jian Yang (National) Ginny Andersen (Labour) 4–4
Health Committee Louisa Wall (Labour) Shane Reti (National) 4–4
Justice Committee Hon Meka Whaitiri (Labour) Hon Nick Smith (National) 4–4
Māori Affairs Committee Rino Tirikatene (Labour) Marama Davidson (Green Party) 4–4
Primary Production Committee Barbara Kuriger (National) Kiri Allan (Labour) 4–4
Social Services and Community Committee Gareth Hughes (Green Party) Priyanca Radhakrishnan (Labour) 5–4
Transport and Infrastructure Committee Darroch Ball (NZ First) Chris Bishop (National) 5–4
Specialist committees
Abortion Legislation Committee Hon Ruth Dyson (Labour) Hon Amy Adams (National) 4–3
Business Committee Rt Hon Trevor Mallard (Labour) none 7–5
Intelligence and Security Committee Rt Hon Jacinda Ardern (Labour) none 4–3
Officers of Parliament Committee Rt Hon Trevor Mallard (Labour) Hon Anne Tolley (National) 4–2
Privileges Committee Hon David Parker (Labour) Hon Gerry Brownlee (National) 5–5
Regulations Review Committee Alastair Scott (National) Jo Luxton (Labour) 3–3
Standing Orders Committee Rt Hon Trevor Mallard (Labour) none 5–6

Electorates
New Zealand electorates used during the term of the 52nd Parliament, showing 2017 election results

This section shows New Zealand electorates as they were represented at the end of the 52nd Parliament.

General electorates
Electorate Region(s) MP Party
Auckland Central Auckland (Central) Nikki Kaye National
Bay of Plenty Bay of Plenty Todd Muller National
Botany Auckland (East) Jami-Lee Ross Independent
Christchurch Central Canterbury Duncan Webb Labour
Christchurch East Canterbury Poto Williams Labour
Clutha-Southland Southland; Otago Hamish Walker National
Coromandel Waikato Scott Simpson National
Dunedin North Otago David Clark Labour
Dunedin South Otago Clare Curran Labour
East Coast Gisborne; Bay of Plenty Anne Tolley National
East Coast Bays Auckland (North) Erica Stanford National
Epsom Auckland (Central) David Seymour ACT
Hamilton East Waikato David Bennett National
Hamilton West Waikato Tim Macindoe National
Helensville Auckland (West) Chris Penk National
Hunua Auckland (South) Andrew Bayly National
Hutt South Wellington Chris Bishop National
Ilam Canterbury Gerry Brownlee National
Invercargill Southland Sarah Dowie National
Kaikōura Marlborough; Canterbury Stuart Smith National
Kelston Auckland (West) Carmel Sepuloni Labour
Mana Wellington Kris Faafoi Labour
Māngere Auckland (South) William Sio Labour
Manukau East Auckland (South) Jenny Salesa Labour
Manurewa Auckland (South) Louisa Wall Labour
Maungakiekie Auckland (Central) Denise Lee National
Mt Albert Auckland (Central) Jacinda Ardern Labour
Mt Roskill Auckland (Central) Michael Wood Labour
Napier Hawke's Bay Stuart Nash Labour
Nelson Nelson; Tasman Nick Smith National
New Lynn Auckland (West) Deborah Russell Labour
New Plymouth Taranaki Jonathan Young National
North Shore Auckland (North) Maggie Barry National
Northcote Auckland (North) Dan Bidois National
Northland Northland Matt King National
Ōhariu Wellington Greg O'Connor Labour
Ōtaki Wellington; Manawatū-Whanganui Nathan Guy National
Pakuranga Auckland (East) Simeon Brown National
Palmerston North Manawatū-Whanganui Iain Lees-Galloway Labour
Papakura Auckland (South) Judith Collins National
Port Hills Canterbury Ruth Dyson Labour
Rangitata Canterbury Vacant Vacant
Rangitīkei Manawatū-Whanganui Ian McKelvie National
Rimutaka Wellington Chris Hipkins Labour
Rodney Auckland (North) Mark Mitchell National
Rongotai Wellington Paul Eagle Labour
Rotorua Bay of Plenty Todd McClay National
Selwyn Canterbury Amy Adams National
Tāmaki Auckland (Central) Simon O'Connor National
Taranaki-King Country Taranaki; Waikato Barbara Kuriger National
Taupō Waikato Louise Upston National
Tauranga Bay of Plenty Simon Bridges National
Te Atatū Auckland (West) Phil Twyford Labour
Tukituki Hawke's Bay Lawrence Yule National
Upper Harbour Auckland (North) Paula Bennett National
Waikato Waikato Tim van de Molen National
Waimakariri Canterbury Matthew Doocey National
Wairarapa Wellington; Manawatū-Whanganui Alastair Scott National
Waitaki Otago; Canterbury Jacqui Dean National
Wellington Central Wellington Grant Robertson Labour
West Coast-Tasman West Coast; Tasman Damien O'Connor Labour
Whanganui Manawatū-Whanganui; Taranaki Harete Hipango National
Whangarei Northland Shane Reti National
Wigram Canterbury Megan Woods Labour

Māori electorates
Electorate Regions MP Party
Hauraki-Waikato Waikato; Auckland Nanaia Mahuta Labour
Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Hawke's Bay; Gisborne; Manawatū-Whanganui; Wellington Meka Whaitiri Labour
Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland Peeni Henare Labour
Te Tai Hauāuru Taranaki; Waikato; Manawatū-Whanganui; Wellington Adrian Rurawhe Labour
Te Tai Tokerau Northland; Auckland Kelvin Davis Labour
Te Tai Tonga South Island; Wellington Rino Tirikatene Labour
Waiariki Bay of Plenty; Waikato Tamati Coffey Labour

See also
Terms of the
New Zealand Parliament
1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th
6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th
11th | 12th | 13th | 14th | 15th
16th | 17th | 18th | 19th | 20th
21st | 22nd | 23rd | 24th | 25th
26th | 27th | 28th | 29th | 30th
31st | 32nd | 33rd | 34th | 35th
36th | 37th | 38th | 39th | 40th
41st | 42nd | 43rd | 44th | 45th
46th | 47th | 48th | 49th | 50th
51st | 52nd | 53rd

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