FSHB

Follitropin subunit beta also known as follicle-stimulating hormone beta subunit (FSH-B) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FSHB gene.[5][6][7] Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding the same protein.

FSHB
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1FL7, 1XWD, 4AY9, 4MQW
Identifiers
Aliases	FSHB, HH24, follicle stimulating hormone beta subunit, Follitropin subunit beta, follicle stimulating hormone subunit beta
External IDs	OMIM: 136530 MGI: 95582 HomoloGene: 430 GeneCards: FSHB
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11p14.1 Start 30,231,016 bp[1] End 30,235,261 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2 E3|2 56.02 cM Start 107,056,140 bp[2] End 107,059,656 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • follicle-stimulating hormone activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • hormone activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • extracellular region • extracellular • follicle-stimulating hormone complex Biological process • progesterone biosynthetic process • female gamete generation • positive regulation of bone resorption • regulation of osteoclast differentiation • transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of cell migration • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • female pregnancy • positive regulation of cell proliferation • ovarian follicle development • Sertoli cell proliferation • signal transduction • peptide hormone processing • positive regulation of gene expression • cell-cell signaling • hormone-mediated signaling pathway • follicle-stimulating hormone signaling pathway • regulation of receptor activity • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of steroid biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2488	14308
Ensembl	ENSG00000131808	ENSMUSG00000027120
UniProt	P01225	Q60687
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000510 NM_001018080 NM_001382289	NM_008045
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000501 NP_001018090 NP_001369218	NP_032071
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 30.23 – 30.24 Mb	Chr 2: 107.06 – 107.06 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

The pituitary glycoprotein hormone family includes follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, chorionic gonadotropin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. All of these glycoproteins consist of an identical alpha subunit and a hormone-specific beta subunit. This gene encodes the beta subunit of follicle-stimulating hormone. In conjunction with luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone induces egg and sperm production.[7]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000131808 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027120 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Watkins PC, Eddy R, Beck AK, Vellucci V, Leverone B, Tanzi RE, Gusella JF, Shows TB (Aug 1987). "DNA sequence and regional assignment of the human follicle-stimulating hormone beta-subunit gene to the short arm of human chromosome 11". DNA. 6 (3): 205–12. doi:10.1089/dna.1987.6.205. PMID 2885163.
6. Shome B, Parlow AF, Liu WK, Nahm HS, Wen T, Ward DN (Sep 1989). "A reevaluation of the amino acid sequence of human follitropin beta-subunit". J Protein Chem. 7 (4): 325–39. doi:10.1007/BF01024882. PMID 3151250. S2CID 20497546.
7. "Entrez Gene: FSHB follicle stimulating hormone, beta polypeptide".

Further reading

• Barrios-De-Tomasi J, Timossi C, Merchant H, et al. (2002). "Assessment of the in vitro and in vivo biological activities of the human follicle-stimulating isohormones". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 186 (2): 189–98. doi:10.1016/S0303-7207(01)00657-8. PMID 11900895. S2CID 27824657.
• Saxena BB, Rathnam P (1976). "Amino acid sequence of the beta subunit of follicle-stimulating hormone from human pituitary glands". J. Biol. Chem. 251 (4): 993–1005. PMID 1249074.
• Keene JL, Matzuk MM, Otani T, et al. (1989). "Expression of biologically active human follitropin in Chinese hamster ovary cells". J. Biol. Chem. 264 (9): 4769–75. PMID 2494176.
• Jameson JL, Becker CB, Lindell CM, Habener JF (1988). "Human follicle-stimulating hormone beta-subunit gene encodes multiple messenger ribonucleic acids". Mol. Endocrinol. 2 (9): 806–15. doi:10.1210/mend-2-9-806. PMID 3139991.
• Shome B, Parlow AF (1974). "Human follicle stimulating hormone: first proposal for the amino acid sequence of the hormone-specific, beta subunit (hFSHb)". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 39 (1): 203–5. doi:10.1210/jcem-39-1-203. PMID 4835136.
• Fujiki Y, Rathnam P, Saxena BB (1980). "Studies on the disulfide bonds in human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 624 (2): 428–35. doi:10.1016/0005-2795(80)90084-7. PMID 6774759.
• Böckers TM, Nieschlag E, Kreutz MR, Bergmann M (1995). "Localization of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) immunoreactivity and hormone receptor mRNA in testicular tissue of infertile men". Cell Tissue Res. 278 (3): 595–600. doi:10.1007/BF00331379. PMID 7850869. S2CID 21371634.
• Matthews CH, Borgato S, Beck-Peccoz P, et al. (1993). "Primary amenorrhoea and infertility due to a mutation in the beta-subunit of follicle-stimulating hormone". Nat. Genet. 5 (1): 83–6. doi:10.1038/ng0993-83. PMID 8220432. S2CID 24553363.
• Layman LC, Lee EJ, Peak DB, et al. (1997). "Delayed puberty and hypogonadism caused by mutations in the follicle-stimulating hormone beta-subunit gene". N. Engl. J. Med. 337 (9): 607–11. doi:10.1056/NEJM199708283370905. PMID 9271483.
• Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, et al. (1999). "Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes". Nat. Genet. 22 (3): 231–8. doi:10.1038/10290. PMID 10391209. S2CID 195213008.
• Grasso P, Rozhavskaya-Arena M, Reichert LE (1999). "Cysteine residues in a synthetic peptide corresponding to human follicle-stimulating hormone beta-subunit receptor-binding domain 81-95 [hFSH-beta-(81-95)] modulate the in vivo effects of hFSH-beta-(81-95) on the mouse estrous cycle". Regul. Pept. 81 (1–3): 67–71. doi:10.1016/S0167-0115(99)00022-1. PMID 10395410. S2CID 54387877.
• Ben-Menahem D, Hyde R, Pixley M, et al. (1999). "Synthesis of multi-subunit domain gonadotropin complexes: a model for alpha/beta heterodimer formation". Biochemistry. 38 (46): 15070–7. doi:10.1021/bi991510c. PMID 10563789.
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, et al. (2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3491–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491. PMC 16267. PMID 10737800.
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (2001). "DNA Cloning Using In Vitro Site-Specific Recombination". Genome Res. 10 (11): 1788–95. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMC 310948. PMID 11076863.
• Fox KM, Dias JA, Van Roey P (2001). "Three-dimensional structure of human follicle-stimulating hormone". Mol. Endocrinol. 15 (3): 378–89. doi:10.1210/me.15.3.378. PMID 11222739.
• Amoresano A, Orrù S, Siciliano RA, et al. (2002). "Assignment of the complete disulphide bridge pattern in the human recombinant follitropin beta-chain". Biol. Chem. 382 (6): 961–8. doi:10.1515/BC.2001.120. PMID 11501762. S2CID 21539405.
• Walton WJ, Nguyen VT, Butnev VY, et al. (2001). "Characterization of human FSH isoforms reveals a nonglycosylated beta-subunit in addition to the conventional glycosylated beta-subunit". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86 (8): 3675–85. doi:10.1210/jc.86.8.3675. PMID 11502795.