Kirovsk, Leningrad Oblast

Kirovsk (Russian: Ки́ровск) is a town and the administrative center of Kirovsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Neva River, 33 kilometers (21 mi) east of St. Petersburg. Population: 25,650 (2010 Census);[3] 24,361 (2002 Census);[8] 23,655 (1989 Census).[9]

Kirovsk Кировск
Town[1]
Monument to Sergey Kirov in Kirovsk
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Kirovsk
Kirovsk Location of Kirovsk Kirovsk Kirovsk (Leningrad Oblast)
Coordinates: 59°52′N 30°59′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Leningrad Oblast[1]
Administrative district	Kirovsky District[1]
Settlement municipal formation	Kirovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
Founded	1929[2]
Town status since	1953[2]
Elevation	20 m (70 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[3]
• Total	25,650
• Estimate  (2018)[4]	26,387 (+2.9%)
Administrative status
• Capital of	Kirovsky District[1], Kirovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
Municipal status
• Municipal district	Kirovsky Municipal District[5]
• Urban settlement	Kirovskoye Urban Settlement[5]
• Capital of	Kirovsky Municipal District[5], Kirovskoye Urban Settlement[5]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [6])
Postal code(s)[7]	187340–187344, 187349
OKTMO ID	41625101001
Website	www.kirovsklenobl.ru

History

Sergey Kirov founded Kirovsk in 1929 as the settlement of Nevdubstroy (Невдубстрой)[2] in order to serve the nearby 8th Sergey Kirov Power Station. At the time Nevdubstroy formed part of Mginsky District with its administrative center in the settlement of Mga. The district remained a part of the Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast until August 15, 1930, when the okrugs were abolished as well, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[10] On January 21, 1931 the settlement of Nevdubstroy was transferred to Leningradsky Prigorodny District.[11] On May 20, 1936 it was granted urban-type settlement status[12] and renamed rabochiy poselok pri 8-y GES imeni Kirova (рабочий поселок при 8-й ГЭС имени Кирова); the name was later shortened to rabochiy poselok imeni Kirova (Russian: рабочий поселок имени Кирова, lit. 'Kirov workers' settlement').[11] On August 19, 1936, when Leningradsky Prigorodny District was abolished, the settlement transferred back to Mginsky District.[12] Between September 1941 and January 1944, during World War II, German troops occupied the settlement.[11] The settlement was renamed Kirovsk - after Sergey Kirov (1886-1934) - and granted town status on November 5, 1953.[13]

On December 9, 1960, Mginsky District was abolished and split between Volkhovsky and Tosnensky Districts.[11] Kirovsk transferred to Tosnensky District.[11] On February 1, 1963, it became a town of oblast significance.[14] On April 1, 1977, Kirovsky District was established[13] by splitting areas off from Volkhovsky and Tosnensky Districts, with the administrative center in Kirovsk, essentially in the limits of the former Mginsky District. In 2010 the administrative structure of Leningrad Oblast was harmonized with its municipal structure,[15] and Kirovsk became a town of district significance.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kirovsk serves as the administrative center of Kirovsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with the settlement of Molodtsovo, incorporated within Kirovsky District as Kirovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation.[1] As a municipal division, Kirovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation is incorporated within Kirovsky Municipal District as Kirovskoye Urban Settlement.[5]

Economy and infrastructure

The town consists of the Old Town built in the 1950s and Ladoga, the part built during the Soviet construction boom of the 1980s. The main industries suffered severely during the 1990s. Most people try to find work in the nearby St. Petersburg.

Kirovsk has four high schools, a music school and a hospital, but no maternity ward. The main employers are the Ladoga plant (which manufactured Soviet nuclear submarine equipment until it switched to machine parts and electronics), Dubrovsky Zavod and the 8th Power Station. Because of these industries, Kirovsk was in Soviet times considered a closed town.

Kirovsk (Nevdubstroy railway station) is connected by railway to Mga. There are several direct suburban trains to St. Petersburg's Moskovsky railway station and Ladozhsky railway station.

The A120 road, which encircles St. Petersburg, passes Kirovsk. The M18 Highway, which connects St. Petersburg and Murmansk, passes several kilometres north of the town. The Neva River is navigable.

Kirovsk is home to the Diorama, which is housed inside the Ladozhsky Bridge over the Neva River. The site, otherwise known as "The Road of Life", commemorates Kirovsk's role as being the sole entry point for goods destined for Leningrad when Nazi German troops besieged the city during World War II.

A T-26 tank at Diorama

References

Notes

1. Oblast Law #32-oz
2. Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 195. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
3. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
4. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
5. Law #100-oz
6. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
7. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
8. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
9. "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
10. "Archived copy" Ленинградская область (in Russian). Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991. Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved March 6, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
11. "Archived copy" Мгинский район (август 1927 г. - декабрь 1960 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved March 5, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
12. "Archived copy" Ленинградский Пригородный район (август 1930 г. - август 1936 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved March 5, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
13. История нашего края (in Russian). Официальный сайт Кировского муниципального района Ленинградской области. Retrieved March 5, 2014.
14. "Archived copy" Тосненский район (августь 1930 г. -) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved March 5, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
15. Отчет о работе комитета по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Ленинградской области в 2010 году (in Russian). Комитет по печати и связям с общественностью Ленинградской области. Retrieved March 5, 2014.

Sources

• Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. Областной закон №32-оз от 15 июня 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ленинградской области и порядке его изменения», в ред. Областного закона №23-оз от 8 мая 2014 г. «Об объединении муниципальных образований "Приморское городское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и "Глебычевское сельское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и о внесении изменений в отдельные Областные законы». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести", №112, 23 июня 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #32-oz of June 15, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Leningrad Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Oblast Law #23-oz of May 8, 2014 On Merging the Municipal Formations of "Primorskoye Urban Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and "Glebychevskoye Rural Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and on Amending Various Oblast Laws. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
• Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. Областной закон №100-оз от 29 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования Кировский муниципальный район и муниципальных образований в его составе», в ред. Областного закона №17-оз от 6 мая 2010 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые областные законы в связи с принятием федерального закона "О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации в связи с совершенствованием организации местного самоуправления"». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вестник Правительства Ленинградской области", №40, 20 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #100-oz of November 29, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Kirovsky Municipal District and to the Municipal Formations It Comprises, as amended by the Oblast Law #17-oz of May 6, 2010 On Amending Certain Oblast Laws Due to the Adoption of the Federal Law "On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation Due to the Improvement of the Organization of the Local Self-Government". Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication.).