Volosovsky District

Volosovsky District (Russian: Во́лосовский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[6] district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast with Lomonosovsky District in the north, Gatchinsky District in the east, Luzhsky District in the south, Slantsevsky District in the southwest, and Kingiseppsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,700 square kilometers (1,000 sq mi).[3] Its administrative center is the town of Volosovo.[1] Population: 49,443 (2010 Census);[4] 48,128 (2002 Census);[8] 46,908 (1989 Census).[9] The population of Volosovo accounts for 24.6% of the district's total population.[4]

Volosovsky District Волосовский район
District
Khyulgyuzi area in Volosovsky District
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Volosovsky District in Leningrad Oblast
Coordinates: 59°27′N 29°29′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Leningrad Oblast[1]
Established	August 1, 1927[2]
Administrative center	Volosovo[1]
Area [3]
• Total	2,700 km^2 (1,000 sq mi)
Population  (2010 Census)[4]
• Total	49,443
• Estimate  (2018)[5]	51,675 (+4.5%)
• Density	18/km^2 (47/sq mi)
• Urban	24.6%
• Rural	75.4%
Administrative structure
• Administrative divisions	15 settlement municipal formation
• Inhabited localities[1]	1 Cities/towns, 202 Rural localities
Municipal structure
• Municipally incorporated as	Volosovsky Municipal District[6]
• Municipal divisions[6]	1 Urban settlements, 15 Rural settlements
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [7])
OKTMO ID	41606000
Website	http://волосовскийрайон.рф/

Geography

The area of the district is basically flat. Much of the area belongs to the drainage basin of the Luga River. The Luga itself forms the southern border of the district. Rivers in the minor areas in the north of the district drain into other tributaries of the Gulf of Finland. The biggest such tributary in the area of the district is the Sista.

History

Originally, the area of the district was populated by Finnic peoples, eventually, the Slavs began arriving. After the 9th century, the area was dependent on the Novgorod Republic. From the 15th century, it was annexed together with all Novgorod Lands by the Grand Duchy of Moscow; it belonged to the Vodskaya pyatina, one of the five pyatinas of Novgorod Lands. The area was constantly at the frontier and became the battleground between Germans and Swedes, on one side, and Russians, on the other side. In 1617, according to the Treaty of Stolbovo, the west of the area was transferred to Sweden, and in 1703, during the Great Northern War, it was conquered back by Russia.[10]

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). It was later split between Yamburgsky and Petergofsky Uyezds.[10] The governorate was renamed Petrograd in 1914 and Leningrad in 1924. In May 1922, Yamburgsky Uyezd was renamed Kingiseppsky. On February 14, 1923 Petergofsky Uyezd was merged with Detskoselsky Uyezd to form Gatchinsky Uyezd, with the administrative center located in Gatchina.[11] On February 14, 1923 Gatchina was renamed Trotsk, and Gatchinsky Uyezd was renamed Trotsky Uyezd, after Leon Trotsky.[12]

On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Volosovsky District, with the administrative center in the settlement of Volosovo, was established. The governorates were also abolished, and the district was a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. It included parts of former Trotsky and Kingiseppsky Uyezds. On April 20, 1930 Kikerino was granted urban-type settlement status, and Volosovo became a suburban settlement. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On July 5, 1937 Volosovo was made an urban-type settlement. Between August 1941 and January 1944, during World War II, the district was occupied by German troops. On February 1, 1963 Volosovsky District was abolished and merged into Kingiseppsky District; on January 13, 1965 it was reestablished.[2] It remained the last district of Leningrad Oblast with the administrative center not having the town status until April 14, 1999, when Volosovo was granted town status.[3] On June 29, 2004 Kikerino was downgraded to a rural locality.[13]

On August 1, 1927 Osminsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Osmino was established as well. It was a part of Luga Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. It included areas which were previously parts of Gdovsky, Luzhsky, and Kingiseppsky Uyezds. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. Between March 22, 1935 and September 19, 1940, Osminsky District was a part of Kingisepp Okrug of Leningrad Oblast, one of the okrugs abutting the state boundaries of the Soviet Union. Between August 1941, and February 1944, Osminsky District was occupied by German troops. On August 2, 1961 Osminsky District was abolished and split between Slantsevsky and Volosovsky Districts.[14] After the abortive administrative reform of the 1960s, its territory became split between Slantsevsky, Volosovsky, Luzhsky, and Kingiseppsky Districts.[2]

Another district created on August 1, 1927 was Moloskovitsky District with the administrative center in the village of Moloskovitsy. It was a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast and included areas which were previously part of Kingiseppsky Uyezd. On September 20, 1931 Moloskovitsky District was abolished and merged into Volosovsky District.[15]

Economy

Industry

Timber industry is an important branch of economy of the district.[3] Additionally, there are a limestone plant and a road metal plant, as well as the Gorn porcelain and ceramic works, a dairy mill, and Russia's leading mixed feed mill — the Agrofirma Volosovo.

Agriculture

The main agricultural specializations of the district are dairy farming, potato growing, and perennial herbs seed production.[3]

Transportation

The railway connecting Saint Petersburg (Baltiysky railway station) with Tallinn via Narva crosses the district from east to west. The principal stations within the district are Volosovo and Kikerino.

The A180 highway, connecting Saint Petersburg and Ivangorod, crosses the northern part of the district. It coincides with the European route E20 connecting Saint Petersburg via Tallinn with Shannon Airport. Volosovo has access to M11, and is also connected by roads with Gatchina and Kingisepp. There are local roads as well.

Culture and recreation

Ruins of the Trinity Church close to the village of Pyataya Gora

The main house of the estate of Izvara

The district contains eight cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally 155 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[16] The federal monuments are the ensemble of postal station in the village of Chirkovitsy, the estate in the village of Kaskovo, as well as the pole in the village of Yablonitsy which lists the population of the village as of the 1870s.

The estate of the Russian artist and philosopher, Nicholas Roerich, was located in the village of Izvara. It is currently preserved as a museum and is the only state museum in the district.[17]

References

Notes

1. Oblast Law #32-oz
2. Волосовский район (август 1927 – февраль 1963, январь 1965 г .) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
3. Информация о районе (in Russian). Администрация муниципального образования Волосовский муниципальный район Ленинградской области. Retrieved March 12, 2013.
4. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
5. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
6. Law #64-oz
7. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
8. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
9. "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
10. История (in Russian). Администрация муниципального образования Волосовский муниципальный район Ленинградской области. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
11. Царскосельский уезд (1917 - нояб. 1918), Детскосельский уезд (ноябрь1918 - фев.1923) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
12. Гатчинский уезд (февр. 1923-авг. 1927) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved February 8, 2013.
13. "Областной закон N 44-оз Ленинградской области Об упразднении статуса городского поселка Кикерино Волосовского района и присвоении ему статуса сельского поселения" (in Russian). ИПС "Кодекс". Retrieved March 13, 2013.
14. Осьминский район (авг. 1927 - авг. 1961) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
15. Молосковицкий район (авг.1927-сент.1931) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
16. Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
17. Музей-усадьба Н.К. Рериха в Изваре (in Russian). Музей-усадьба Н.К. Рериха в Изваре. Retrieved March 12, 2013.

Sources

• Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. Областной закон №32-оз от 15 июня 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ленинградской области и порядке его изменения», в ред. Областного закона №23-оз от 8 мая 2014 г. «Об объединении муниципальных образований "Приморское городское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и "Глебычевское сельское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и о внесении изменений в отдельные Областные законы». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести", №112, 23 июня 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #32-oz of June 15, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Leningrad Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Oblast Law #23-oz of May 8, 2014 On Merging the Municipal Formations of "Primorskoye Urban Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and "Glebychevskoye Rural Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and on Amending Various Oblast Laws. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
• Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. Областной закон №64-оз от 24 сентября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования Волосовский муниципальный район и муниципальных образований в его составе», в ред. Областного закона №17-оз от 6 мая 2010 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые областные законы в связи с принятием федерального закона "О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации в связи с совершенствованием организации местного самоуправления"». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования (15  октября 2004 г.). Опубликован: "Вестник Правительства Ленинградской области", №30, 5 октября 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #64-oz of September 24, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Volosovsky Municipal District and to the Municipal Formations Comprised By It, as amended by the Oblast Law #17-oz of May 6, 2010 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Due to the Adoption of the Federal Law "On Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation Due to the Improvement of the Organization of the Local Self-Government". Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication (October 15 2004).).