List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Humboldt University of Berlin

This list of Nobel laureates affiliated with Humboldt University of Berlin comprehensively shows the alumni, faculty members as well as researchers of Humboldt University of Berlin who were awarded the Nobel Prize or the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Prizes, established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, are awarded to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine.[1] An associated prize, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics), was instituted by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.[2]

Statue of Wilhelm von Humboldt at the Humboldt University of Berlin. As of October 2020, 57 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with the university.

As of October 2020, 57 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Humboldt University of Berlin. Among the 57 laureates, 49 are Nobel laureates in natural sciences;[lower-alpha 1] 32 are HU Berlin alumni (graduates and attendees) and 21 have been long-term academic members of the HU Berlin faculty or HU Berlin-affiliated research organisations; and subject-wise, 23 laureates have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, more than any other subject.[lower-alpha 2] This list considers Nobel laureates as equal individuals and does not consider their various prize shares or if they received the prize more than once.[3]

Inclusion criteria
Humboldt University of Berlin

The university affiliations in this list are all official academic affiliations such as degree programs and official academic employment. Non-academic affiliations such as advisory committee and administrative staff are generally excluded. The official academic affiliations fall into three categories: 1) Alumni (graduates and attendees), 2) Long-term Academic Staff, and 3) Short-term Academic Staff. Graduates are defined as those who hold Bachelor's, Master's, Doctorate, or equivalent degrees from the Humboldt University of Berlin, while attendees are those who formally enrolled in a degree program at HU Berlin but did not complete the program; thus, honorary degrees, posthumous degrees, summer attendees, exchange students, and auditing students are excluded. The category of "Long-term Academic Staff" consists of tenure/tenure-track and equivalent academic positions, while that of "Short-term Academic Staff" consists of lecturers (without tenure), postdoctoral researchers (postdocs), visiting professors/scholars (visitors), and equivalent academic positions. At HU Berlin, the specific academic title solely determines the type of affiliation, regardless of the actual time the position was held by a laureate.

Further explanations on "visitors" under "Short-term Academic Staff" are presented as follows. 1) All informal or personal visits are excluded from the list; 2) all employment-based visiting positions, which carry teaching/research duties, are included as affiliations in the list; 3) as for award/honor-based visiting positions, to minimise controversy this list takes a conservative view and includes the positions as affiliations only if the laureates were required to assume employment-level duty (teaching/research) or the laureates specifically classified the visiting positions as "affiliation" or similar in reliable sources such as their curriculum vita. In particular, attending meetings and giving public lectures, talks or non-curricular seminars at HU Berlin is not a form of employment-level duty. Finally, summer visitors are generally excluded from the list unless summer work yielded significant end products such as research publications and components of Nobel-winning work, since summer terms are not part of formal academic years.

The majority of "Honorary Professorships" in Germany are awards/honors without employment-level duties, and are thus excluded from the list, unless the laureates indicate that their positions are official academic affiliations/carry employment-level duties.

Some visitors and staff not qualified as official academic affiliates
Name Nobel Prize Year Role in Humboldt University of Berlin
Gerhard Ertl Chemistry 2007 Honorary Professor (1996)[4]
Emily Balch Peace 1946 Studied one year at the University of Berlin, but she was only permitted to audit lectures and was not in any degree program[5][6]
Hans Spemann Physiology or Medicine 1935 Honorary Professor of Zoology (1914) while serving as the Associate Director at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Biology in Berlin (1914-1919)[7][8]

Summary
See also: List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation

All types of affiliations, namely alumni, long-term and short-term academic staff, count equally in the following table and throughout the whole page.[lower-alpha 3]

In the following list, the number following a person's name is the year they received the prize; in particular, a number with asterisk (*) means the person received the award while they were working at HU Berlin (including emeritus staff).[lower-alpha 4] A name underlined implies that this person has already been listed in a previous category (i.e., multiple affiliations).

Category Alumni Long-term academic staff Short-term academic staff
Total: 57 33 21 14
Physics (14)
  1. Walther Bothe - 1954
  2. Gustav Hertz - 1925
  3. James Franck - 1925
  4. Max Planck - 1918
  5. Max Laue - 1914
  6. Wilhelm Wien - 1911
  7. Karl Ferdinand Braun - 1909
  8. Albert Michelson - 1907
  9. Philipp Lenard - 1905
  1. Max Born - 1954
  2. Walther Bothe - 1954
  3. Erwin Schrödinger - 1933*
  4. Werner Heisenberg - 1932
  5. James Franck - 1925
  6. Albert Einstein - 1921
  7. Max Planck - 1918*
  8. Max Laue - 1914
  1. Eugene Wigner - 1963
  2. James Franck - 1925
Chemistry (23)
  1. Odd Hassel - 1969
  2. Kurt Alder - 1950
  3. Otto Diels - 1950
  4. Hans Euler-Chelpin - 1929
  5. Adolf Windaus - 1928
  6. Heinrich Wieland - 1927
  7. Walther Nernst - 1920
  8. Fritz Haber - 1918
  9. Otto Wallach - 1910
  10. Adolf von Baeyer - 1905
  1. Emmanuelle Charpentier - 2020*
  2. Otto Diels - 1950
  3. Otto Hahn - 1944
  4. Adolf Butenandt - 1939*
  5. Peter Debye - 1936*
  6. Walther Nernst - 1920*
  7. Richard Willstätter - 1915
  8. Emil Fischer - 1902*
  9. Jacobus Hoff - 1901*
  1. Otto Hahn - 1944
  2. Friedrich Bergius - 1931
  3. Hans Fischer - 1930
  4. Adolf Windaus - 1928
  5. Richard Zsigmondy - 1925
  6. Fritz Pregl - 1923
  7. Theodore W. Richards - 1914
  8. Otto Wallach - 1910
  9. Eduard Buchner - 1907
Physiology or Medicine (12)
  1. Bert Sakmann - 1991
  2. Werner Forssmann - 1956
  3. Fritz Lipmann - 1953
  4. Hans A. Krebs - 1953
  5. Walter R. Hess - 1949
  6. Ernst Chain - 1945
  7. Otto H. Warburg - 1931
  8. Otto Meyerhof - 1922
  1. Albrecht Kossel - 1910
  2. Paul Ehrlich - 1908
  3. Robert Koch - 1905
  1. Paul Ehrlich - 1908
  2. Emil Behring - 1901
Economics (1)
  1. Wassily Leontief - 1973
Literature (4)
  1. Gerhart Hauptmann - 1912
  2. Paul Heyse - 1910
  3. Rudolf Eucken - 1908
  1. Theodor Mommsen - 1902
Peace (3)
  1. Gustav Stresemann - 1926
  2. Austen Chamberlain - 1925
  1. Auguste Beernaert - 1909

Nobel laureates by category

Nobel laureates in Physics
No. Name Year Affiliation with Humboldt University of Berlin
14 Eugene Wigner 1963 Research Assistant (1926-1927) and Privatdozent (1928-1930)[9]
13 Walther Bothe 1954 PhD; Associate Professor (1925-1929)[10][11]
12 Max Born 1954 Extraordinarius/Associate Professor (1915)[12][13]
11 Erwin Schrödinger 1933 Professor and Chair for Theoretical Physics (1927-1933)[14]
10 Werner Heisenberg 1932 Professor of Physics and Chair for Theoretical Physics (1943-1945)[15][16]
9 Gustav Hertz 1925 PhD[17]
8 James Franck 1925 PhD; Associate Professor (1916-1918); Research Assistant (1906-1911) and Privatdozent (1911-1916)[18]
7 Albert Einstein 1921 Professor of Theoretical Physics (1914-1933)[19]
6 Max Planck 1918 Graduate attendee (1877-1878); Professor (1889-1926)[20][21]
5 Max Laue 1914 PhD (1903); Professor (1919-1943)[22]
4 Wilhelm Wien 1911 PhD[23]
3 Karl Ferdinand Braun 1909 PhD[24]
2 Albert Michelson 1907 Graduate attendee (1880), under Hermann von Helmholtz[25][26][27]
1 Philipp Lenard 1905 Graduate attendee, under Hermann von Helmholtz[28]

Nobel laureates in Chemistry
No. Name Year Affiliation with Humboldt University of Berlin
23 Emmanuelle Charpentier 2020 Honorary Professor in research and teaching at the Department of Biology (2016-)[29][30]
22 Odd Hassel 1969 PhD[31]
21 Otto Diels 1950 PhD (1899); Professor (1906-1916); Research Assistant to Emil Fischer (1899-1904) and Lecturer (1904-1906)[32][33][34]
20 Kurt Alder 1950 Undergraduate attendee (1922-?)[35]
19 Otto Hahn 1944 Associate Professor (1910-1934); Lecturer (1907-1910) and Research Assistant to Emil Fischer (1906-1910)[36][37][38]
18 Adolf Butenandt 1939 Honorary Professor with teaching duty (1938-1944)[39][40][41]
17 Peter Debye 1936 Professor of Physics (1934-1940)[42][43]
16 Friedrich Bergius 1931 Postdoctoral Researcher (1907-1908, two terms) under Walther Nernst[44][45][46]
15 Hans Fischer 1930 Postdoctoral Researcher at the First Institute of Chemistry, under Emil Fischer[47][48]
14 Hans Euler-Chelpin 1929 PhD[49]
13 Adolf Windaus 1928 Undergraduate attendee (1895-1897); Research Assistant to Emil Fischer[50][51]
12 Heinrich Wieland 1927 Undergraduate attendee (1897)[52][53]
11 Richard Zsigmondy 1925 Research Assistant to August Kundt[54][55]
10 Fritz Pregl 1923 Visiting researcher (1904), under Emil Fischer[56][57]
9 Walther Nernst 1920 Undergraduate attendee; Professor[58]
8 Fritz Haber 1918 PhD[59]
7 Richard Willstätter 1915 Honorary Professor with teaching duty (1912-1916)[60][61][62]
6 Theodore W. Richards 1914 Exchange Professor (half a year, 1907)[63]
5 Otto Wallach 1910 Undergraduate attendee (one semester); research assistant to Hermann Wichelhaus (1869-1870)[64]
4 Eduard Buchner 1907 Habilitation (1900); Professor at the Agricultural University of Berlin (1898-1909), which became part of HU Berlin in 1934[65][66][67]
3 Adolf von Baeyer 1905 PhD[68]
2 Emil Fischer 1902 Professor (1892-1919)[69][70]
1 Jacobus Hoff 1901 Honorary Professor with teaching duty (1896-1911)[71][72][73][74]

Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
No. Name Year Affiliation with Humboldt University of Berlin
12 Bert Sakmann 1991 Medical student[75][76]
11 Werner Forssmann 1956 M.D[77][78]
10 Fritz Lipmann 1953 M.D, PhD[79]
9 Hans A. Krebs 1953 Medical student (Third Medical Clinic) and graduate attendee[80]
8 Walter R. Hess 1949 Medical student[81][82]
7 Ernst Chain 1945 B.S[83]
6 Otto H. Warburg 1931 PhD[84]
5 Otto Meyerhof 1922 Medical student[85][86]
4 Albrecht Kossel 1910 Director of the Chemical Division of the Institute of Physiology (1883-1895) and Extraordinary/Associate Professor (1887-1895)[87][88]
3 Paul Ehrlich 1908 Associate Professor; Privatdozent (1887-?) and Titular Professor (1882-1887)[89]
2 Robert Koch 1905 Professor of Hygiene and Head of the affiliated Institute of Hygiene (1885-1891), and Honorary Professor (1891-1910)[90][91][92]
1 Emil Behring 1901 Research assistant to Robert Koch at the Institute of Hygiene[93]

Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics
No. Name Year Affiliation with Humboldt University of Berlin
1 Wassily Leontief 1973 PhD (1928)[94][95]

Nobel laureates in Literature
No. Name Year Affiliation with Humboldt University of Berlin
4 Gerhart Hauptmann 1912 Undergraduate attendee[96][97]
3 Paul Heyse 1910 Undergraduate attendee (two years)[98]
2 Rudolf Eucken 1908 Undergraduate attendee[99][100]
1 Theodor Mommsen 1902 Professor[101][102]

Nobel Peace Prize laureates
No. Name Year Affiliation with Humboldt University of Berlin
3 Gustav Stresemann 1926 Undergraduate attendee[103][104]
2 Austen Chamberlain 1925 Graduate attendee (one year)[105][106]
1 Auguste Beernaert 1909 Visiting Fellow[107][108]

See also

Notes
  1. The total number of laureates in natural sciences: Physics, Chemistry, and Physiology or Medicine.
  2. For verification, see "Summary".
  3. This is because, according to Wikipedia policies on no original research and objectivity/neutrality, it is not possible in Wikipedia to subjectively assign various weights to different types of affiliations.
  4. The table doesn't provide citations or details on entries; for citations and details, see "Nobel laureates by category".

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