List of extinct dog breeds

The following is a list of extinct dog breeds, varieties and types.

List of extinct dog breeds, varieties and types

Name	Image	Notes
Alaunt		Large running dogs used during the Middle Ages to seize and bring down game for the hunter to dispatch; they were described as having the body of a greyhound with a broad and short brachycephalic-type head.[1]
Alpine Mastiff		A mastiff-type dog known in the Western Alps from the Middle Ages, it is sometimes claimed they were descended from dogs introduced to the area by the Romans; a short-haired dog that is believed to be the progenitor of the St. Bernard.[2]
Argentine Polar Dog		A variety of sled dog that was developed by the Argentine Army from the 1950s to equip its bases in Antarctica with a means of transport; it became extinct in the early 1990s when sled dogs were removed from Antarctica to comply with the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research regulations.[3]
Belgian Mastiff		A breed of mastiff that was used throughout the Low Countries as a draught animal, it was a large, powerful dog with a smooth coat and docked tail; its role became redundant in the 20th century and it is believed to be extinct.[4]
Black and Tan Terrier		A British breed of terrier that was common throughout all of Great Britain, it had a rough coat that was black and tan in colour; most of the fell terrier breeds, including the Border Terrier, Lakeland Terrier and Welsh Terrier, descend from it.[5]
Blue Paul Terrier		A British breed of bull-type terrier from Scotland used for dog fighting; popular from the mid-19th century, it disappeared at the end of the century with the criminalisation of dog fighting.[6]
Braque Dupuy		A French breed of pointer from the Poitou region; known for its pace compared to other French pointing breeds, it was sometimes claimed Greyhound or Sloughi blood was used in their breeding.[7]
Bull and terrier		The original bull-type terrier, this British breed was bred in England by crossing the Old English Bulldog with the Black and Tan Terrier for the purpose of dog fighting; many consider the Staffordshire Bull Terrier to be the same dog with a modern name.[8]
Bullenbeisser		A German hunting-mastiff known from the Middle Ages, used to hunt stag, boar and even bear; it is considered the progenitor of the Boxer.[9]
Chien-gris		A French breed of scenthound known in the Middle Ages, it was said to have been introduced to France from the east by King Louis IX returning from the Crusades.[10]
Chiribaya Dog		A herding breed developed by the Chiribaya culture of southwestern Peru.[11][12]
Cordoba Fighting Dog		A fighting breed developed in Córdoba, Argentina,[13] and an ancestor of the Dogo Argentino.[14]
Cumberland Sheepdog		A British herding dog from Cumberland that was very similar to the Border Collie; its numbers declined from the mid-20th century.[15]
Cur		A British breed of herding dog used by cattle drovers in England, it was known for its distinctive stumpy tail; it likely became extinct in the mid-19th century.[16]
Dalbo dog
Dogo Cubano		A Cuban breed of mastiff originally used for bull-baiting; believed to have been descended from introduced Spanish mastiffs, they became extinct in the mid-20th century.[17]
Dumfriesshire Black and Tan Foxhound		A British pack of foxhounds from Scotland bred in the interwar period; a combination of English Foxhound, Welsh Foxhound, Bloodhound and Gascon Saintongeois blood, they were a unique, black and tan coloured pack; the pack was disbanded after foxhunting was banned in 2002.[18]
English Water Spaniel		A British breed of gundog that in appearance was described as being between a spaniel and a retriever in appearance; very popular with wildfowlers in the mid-19th century, it is considered the progenitor of both the Curly-Coated Retriever and the Flat-Coated Retriever (which supplanted it in popularity) and it disappeared around the end of the 19th century.[19]
English White Terrier		A British breed of terrier from England that was all-white in appearance; it was the progenitor of the Fox Terrier and one of several of the Bull Terrier.[20]
Fila da Terceira		A mastiff-type dog from the Azores,[21]it was the ancestor of the Saint Miguel Cattle Dog and the Fila Brasileiro.
Fuegian dog		A domesticated form of the culpeo (Lycalopex culpaeus).[22]
Grand Fauve de Bretagne		A French breed of scenthound from Brittany that was used to hunt wolves and wild boar; the breed became extinct in the late 19th century after the extirpation of wolves from much of France.[10]
Halls Heeler		An Australian breed of cattle herding dog bred from imported Scotch collies crossed with dingos; it is claimed they were the progenitor of the Australian Cattle Dog.[23]
Hare Indian Dog
Hawaiian Poi Dog		A Hawaiian pye-dog that was kept by the native Hawaiians before European settlement; the Poi Dog was kept as both a pet and for human consumption, it also played a ceremonial role in Hawaiian culture; taking its name from poi, which was its main diet, it became extinct after the introduction of European dog breeds to the islands.[24]
Kurī
Lapponian Shepherd
Limer		A scenthound in the Middle Ages used to locate a stag on the morning of a stag hunt, the limer was kept on a leash and led the huntsman to the stag, which was subsequently hunted by other hound types; limers were known for their scenting ability and had to work silently to avoid alerting the quarry.[25]
Marquesan Dog
Molossus		Large dogs kept in the ancient kingdom of Molossis in the region of Epirus; it is claimed they are the progenitors of the mastiffs.[26]
Moscow Water Dog
Norfolk Spaniel
North Country Beagle		A British medium-sized scenthound that was used to hunt hare, it was said to be smaller, with a sharper nose and faster than the contemporary Southern Hound; it is believed to be one of the foundation breeds of the modern English Foxhound.[27]
Old Croatian Sighthound		A Croatian breed of sighthound used to course all forms of local game; they were known from the Middle Ages.[28]
Old English Bulldog		A British breed of specialised small mastiff-type dogs developed from the 16th century for the blood sport of bull-baiting; the prohibition of most blood sports in 1835 saw the decline of the breed, although some were retained as companion dogs and were bred into the modern Bulldog.[29]
Old Spanish Pointer		A breed of Spanish pointing dog known from the early modern period; it is considered the first of its type from which all modern pointing dog breeds descend.[30]
Paisley Terrier
Polynesian Dog
Rache		A British type of hound in the Middle Ages, they were a fast-running scenthound used to drive game.[31]
Rastreador Brasileiro
Russian Tracker
St John's water dog		A Canadian breed used by the fishermen of Newfoundland and Labrador; descended from imported European dogs brought to the New World on fishing vessels, it is considered the progenitor of the Labrador Retriever.[32]
Sakhalin Husky
Salish Wool Dog
Sleuth hound
Southern Hound		A British medium-sized scenthound that was used for hare hunting; a slow-paced, deep-scenting hound believed to be related to the Bloodhound, they became extinct towards the end of the 18th century when faster hounds became more popular for hare hunting.[33]
Tahitian Dog
Tahltan Bear Dog
Talbot Hound		A British small to medium-sized white scenthound known from the Late Middle Ages; famed for its scenting ability, it was often employed pursuing criminals; it is believed to be a progenitor of the modern Bloodhound.[34]
Tesem
Toy Bulldog		A British breed that was a miniaturised version of the Bulldog, it was popular in the late Victorian era as a companion dog; it is considered the progenitor of the French Bulldog (which supplanted it in popularity) and the last record of it was in 1914.[35]
Toy Trawler Spaniel
Turnspit dog		A British breed used in larger kitchens to run in a wheel that turned a rotisserie; these short-legged dogs were known from the Middle Ages, they likely became extinct in the 19th century.[36]
Tweed Water Spaniel		A British breed of gundog from the Anglo-Scottish border region; it was used by wildfowlers and is considered a progenitor of the Golden Retriever.[37]
Welsh Hillman		A British breed of herding dog from Wales.[38]

References

Citations

1. Cummins (2001), p. 14.
2. Fogle (2009), p. 257.
3. Maida (2015).
4. Morris (2001), p. 666.
5. Hancock (1984), p. 13.
6. Morris (2001), pp. 348-349.
7. Morris (2001), pp. 255-257.
8. Morris (2001), p. 346.
9. Fiorone (1973), p. 89.
10. Hörter (2014).
11. Collyns, Dan (September 23, 2006). "Mummified dogs uncovered in Peru". BBC News. Lima. Retrieved October 8, 2015.
12. Leonard, Jennifer A.; et al. (2002-11-22). "Ancient DNA evidence for Old World Origin of New World Dogs". Science. 298 (5598): 1613–1616. Bibcode:2002Sci...298.1613L. doi:10.1126/science.1076980. PMID 12446908. S2CID 37190220.
13. Mulkeen, Verity (11 May 2009). "Amores Perros: Dog Fighting in Argentina". The Argentina Independent. Archived from the original on 2013-06-17.
14. Larry Levin (2010). Oogy: The Dog Only a Family Could Love. Grand Central Publishing. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-446-57487-7.
15. Morris (2001), p. 408.
16. Morris (2001), pp. 459-460.
17. Morris (2001), pp. 369-370.
18. Hancock (2014b), p. 45.
19. Hancock (2013), pp. 138-142.
20. Hancock (1984), pp. 13-15.
21. Krämer, E.-M. (2009). Der grosse Kosmos Hundeführer, 229. Kosmos: Stuttgart.
22. Petrigh, Romina S.; Fugassa, Martin H. (December 13, 2013). "Molecular identification of a Fuegian dog belonging to the Fagnano Regional Museum ethnographic collection, Tierra del Fuego" (PDF). Quaternary International. 317: 14–18. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.07.030. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 20, 2016. Retrieved September 2, 2020.
23. Hörter (2006).
24. Wilcox & Walkowicz (1995), pp. 494-495.
25. Cummins (2001), p. 22.
26. Hancock (2001).
27. Hancock (2014b), pp. 62-64.
28. Morris (2001), p. 32.
29. Morris (2001), pp. 342-343.
30. Fogle (2009), p. 186.
31. Cummins (2001), pp. 12 & 60-61.
32. Hancock (2013), pp. 92-94.
33. Alderton (2000), pp. 58-59.
34. Alderton (2000), pp. 41 & 88.
35. Morris (2001), pp. 507-508.
36. Morris (2001), p. 578.
37. Hancock (2013), pp. 36 & 50.
38. Hancock (2014a), p. 11.

Bibliography

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• Cummins, John (2001). The hound and the hawk: the art of medieval hunting. London: Phoenix Press. ISBN 1-84212-097-2.
• Fiorone, Fiorenzo (1973). The encyclopedia of dogs: the canine breeds. New York: Thomas Y. Cromwell Company. ISBN 0-690-00056-1.
• Fogle, Bruce (2009). The encyclopedia of the dog. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7566-6004-8.
• Hancock, David (2014a). Dogs of the shepherds: a review of the pastoral breeds. Ramsbury, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84797-808-0.
• Hancock, David (2013). Gundogs: their past, their performance and their prospects. Ramsbury, Marlborough: The Crowood Press Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84797-492-1.
• Hancock, David (2014b). Hounds: hunting by scent. Ramsbury, Marlborough: The Crowood Press Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84797-601-7.
• Hancock, David (1984). Old working dogs. Botley, Oxfordshire: Shire Publications Ltd. ISBN 0852636784.
• Hancock, David (2001). The mastiffs: the big game hunters: their history, development and future. Ducklington: Charwynne Dog Features. ISBN 9780951780114.
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• Hörter, Rea (May 2014). "Old French Hounds" (PDF). Canine Chronicle. Ocala, Florida: Endeavor Publications. pp. 250–256. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
• Maida, Juan Carlos (2015). "Breve historia del Perro Polar Argentino" [Brief history of the Argentine Polar Dog] (PDF). Revista de Medicina Veterinaria (in Spanish). 96 (2): 15–18. ISSN 1852-771X. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
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