Mayor of Greater Manchester

The Mayor of Greater Manchester is the directly elected metro mayor of Greater Manchester, responsible for strategic governance in the region that includes health, transport, housing, strategic planning, waste management, policing, the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service and skills. The creation of the Mayor of Greater Manchester was agreed between the then Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, and Greater Manchester's 10 district council leaders. As well as having specific powers, the mayor chairs the Greater Manchester Combined Authority, also assuming the powers of the Greater Manchester Police and Crime Commissioner. Tony Lloyd was appointed as Interim Mayor for Greater Manchester on 29 May 2015.[3] The first election took place on Thursday 4 May 2017[1] and was won by Andy Burnham.

Mayor of Greater Manchester
Incumbent
Andy Burnham
since 8 May 2017
Greater Manchester Combined Authority
StyleNo courtesy, title or style
StatusCombined authority metro mayor
Member ofGreater Manchester Combined Authority
SeatChurchgate House, Manchester
NominatorPolitical parties or self-nomination
AppointerElectorate of Greater Manchester
by supplementary vote
Term length3 years, renewable[lower-alpha 1]
Constituting instrumentCities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016
PrecursorChair of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority
Inaugural holderAndy Burnham
Formation29 May 2015
DeputyDeputy Mayors
Salary£110,000[2]
WebsiteGMCA / The Mayor

Background

The ten local authorities which make up Greater Manchester work together as the Greater Manchester Combined Authority, which carries out work through bodies including Transport for Greater Manchester and the Greater Manchester Waste Disposal Authority. There is a directly elected Mayor of Salford for the City of Salford. In 2008, Bury rejected a proposal for an elected mayor for the borough only.[4] In 2012, Manchester rejected a similar proposal for the City of Manchester only. There is also a Lord Mayor of Manchester which is a ceremonial post.

The proposal for an elected mayor was announced in November 2014 by George Osborne.[5] The creation of an elected mayor for Greater Manchester required new primary legislation[6] and the first election was announced to take place on Thursday 4 May 2017.[1] On 29 May 2015, Lloyd was appointed as interim mayor by the combined authority leaders.[7] The Labour Party candidate was confirmed as being Andy Burnham on 9 August 2016, fending off Ivan Lewis and Tony Lloyd to the position.[8] The Liberal Democrats candidate was confirmed in September 2016 as Jane Brophy, who is a Trafford Borough councillor.[9] Later in September, the Green Party announced that their candidate would be Deyika Nzeribe;[10] however Nzeribe later died as a result of a heart attack on New Year's Day 2017[11] and Will Patterson was chosen to replace him.[12] In October 2016, the Conservative Party announced Sean Anstee, Leader of Trafford Metropolitan Borough Council would run as their candidate for mayor.[13]

Governance arrangements

Unlike the directly elected London Assembly scrutiny structure that operates in Greater London, the Mayor of Greater Manchester sits on the Greater Manchester Combined Authority alongside the ten council leaders as the eleventh member. The council leaders form part of the mayor's cabinet, each with a clear portfolio of responsibilities.[14] The mayor can be vetoed if a majority vote against any proposals put forward, and the spatial planning strategy requires a unanimous vote of the mayor's cabinet.[15]

Powers and functions

Powers of the mayor initially announced include spatial planning, housing, transport, policing, waste management and skills.[16][17][18][19] In addition to setting the policy direction of the GMCA the mayor serves as an ambassador and public figurehead for the region.

Planning

The mayor is responsible for the creation of a county wide spatial development strategy with adoption subject to unanimous approval of the Members of the GMCA. The mayor is able to make compulsory purchase orders and establish a Mayoral Development Corporation for an area subject to the agreement of the members whose district(s) the order/corporation covers. The mayor has not been granted the ability to call in local planning application decisions judged to be of strategic importance unlike some other combined authority mayors.

Housing

The mayor oversees the administration of the £300m Greater Manchester Housing Investment Fund with the intention of delivering an additional 15,000 homes over a 10-year period.[20] The mayor jointly controls the Greater Manchester Land Commission with the housing minister and other appropriate government ministers, which includes a database of all public sector land and oversee its efficient use including disposal with the aim of contributing toward a target of 10,000 homes being built annually in the region.

Policing and Fire
See also: Greater Manchester Police and Crime Commissioner

With the creation of the office of mayor, the role of Police and Crime Commissioner for Greater Manchester was subsumed into the new post. The mayor also took over the role formerly exercised by the Greater Manchester Fire & Rescue Authority in setting budgets and taking strategic decisions.

Waste management

The mayor is responsible for the administration of the Greater Manchester Waste Disposal Authority, which is the largest waste disposal authority in the United Kingdom responsible for the waste of 2.4 million people and covering all districts except Wigan which has its own waste authority.

Skills

The GMCA will have full control of the Apprenticeship and adult skills budget for the region from the 2018/19 academic year as well as a commitment to explore devolution of 16-19 education spending. The combined authority also has the power to co-commission alongside the DWP the regions unemployment and back to work programmes.

Justice

As part of the 2016 UK Budget, it was announced that powers relating to criminal justice would be devolved to the mayor as part of a drive to offer seamless interventions for offenders transitioning between prisons and the community and also to join up public services that prevent crime. As part of this, there will also be a new 'Life Chances Investment Fund' which combines several streams of funding for troubled families and back to work for programmes for those with health issues.[21] GMCA will take on the commissioning of National Offender Management Services, liaise in the commissioning of rehabilitation programmes, youth justice and secure schools and female and child sentences under 2 years. The GMCA will also liaise in the running of the court and prison estates and there is an eventual government aim to fully devolve the prisons estate.

Health

The £6bn Health and Social Care budget for the region is devolved to the GMCA and the mayor works alongside the other members and the 22 local clinical commissioning groups to set budgets and direct spending priorities. The GMCA has worked with the commissioning groups in the creation of a Strategic Sustainability Plan.

Transport
The cross-borough Manchester Metrolink which has grown from 20 stops in 2009 to 92 in 2014.[22]
Manchester Airport is owned by the ten councils of Greater Manchester and produced a £72 million dividend for local councils in 2013.[23]
See also: Transport in Manchester

The mayor possesses significant powers over transport in Greater Manchester which is arguably the largest transport-connected area outside London following recent developments. The successful delivery of large infrastructure such as the second runway at the publicly owned Manchester Airport in 1998, the amalgamation of the M60 orbital motorway in 2000 and a rapidly expanding and self-sustainable tram system - from 20 stations in 2009 to 92 stations in 2014 - emboldened local authorities and instilled confidence at Whitehall.[24] Responsibilities include overseeing road management (transferred to TfGM in 2009) which include road safety, bus lanes and congestion as well as influence over bus services, the Metrolink tram system and cycling schemes. The regional rail network within Greater Manchester, run mostly by Northern Rail and in parts by TransPennine Express, is franchised by the UK government with no direct control by the mayor (though some potential for input exists via Transport for the North).

The mayor is responsible for the creation of the Local Transport Plan for the region outlining policy and spending decision subject to a 2/3rd majority ratification. The mayor is also responsible for allocating £300m of infrastructure funding over 30 years from the government as well as a yet to be finalised transport funding settlement to follow the existing 2014-2019 settlement. The mayor also has powers to reform the local bus market following the passage of the Bus Services Act

In October 2018, the mayor of Greater Manchester, Andy Burnham, stated his powers to influence transport improvements in the region were insufficient. He described the performance of Northern since the May 2018 timetable as "shocking", the struggle to introduce an holistic bus franchising system as a continuing "challenge" and congestion on the roads as an impediment to the region's future growth - without government action this would result in lost opportunities for Greater Manchester.[25]

List of Mayors
Colour key
(for political parties)
     Labour
Mayors of Greater Manchester
Name Portrait Term of office Elected Political party Previous and concurrent occupations
Tony Lloyd
Interim Mayor		 29 May 2015 8 May 2017 N/A Labour MP for Stretford (1983–1997)
MP for Manchester Central (1997–2012)
Greater Manchester Police and Crime Commissioner (2012–2017)
Andy Burnham 8 May 2017 Incumbent 2017 Labour and Co-operative MP for Leigh (2001–2017)
Chief Secretary to the Treasury (2007–2008)
Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport (2008–2009)
Secretary of State for Health (2009–2010)

Notes
  1. The first term was originally scheduled to be three years, ending in May 2020, but the election will now take place in May 2021 due to the coronavirus pandemic.[1]

References
  1. "Date proposed for Manchester mayoral elections". Department for Communities and Local Government. 1 February 2016.
  2. Williams, Jennifer (27 April 2017). "The salary of Greater Manchester's new mayor has been revealed". Manchester Evening News.
  3. McCann, Phil (29 May 2015). "Tony Lloyd selected as Greater Manchester interim mayor". BBC news. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  4. "Bury elected mayor plan rejected". BBC News. 4 July 2008.
  5. "George Osborne: Greater Manchester to have elected mayor". BBC News. 3 November 2014.
  6. Carpenter, Jamie (3 November 2014). "Manchester metro mayor to get strategic planning powers". PlanningResource.
  7. Fitzgerald, Todd (20 December 2014). "Council bosses reject calls for referendum on planned elected mayor for Greater Manchester". Manchester Evening News.
  8. "Andy Burnham selected as Labour candidate for Manchester mayor". BBC News. 9 August 2016.
  9. "Greater Manchester mayor:Jane Brophy chosen as Lib Dem Candidate". BBC News. 16 September 2016.
  10. "Greens unveil candidate for Greater Manchester Mayor contest". 29 September 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  11. "Deyika Nzeribe: Green Party mayoral candidate dies". BBC News. BBC. 2 January 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  12. "Will Patterson – New candidate for Greater Manchester Metro Mayor contest". manchestergreenparty.org.uk.
  13. Fitzgerald, Todd (25 November 2016). "Trafford council leader Sean Anstee is Tory candidate for elected mayor". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
  14. "Greater Manchester Agreement: devolution to the GCMA & transition to a directly elected mayor" (PDF). Government of the United Kingdom.
  15. "Manchester to get directly elected Mayor". Government of the United Kingdom. 3 November 2014.
  16. Topping, Alexandra (3 November 2014). "Manchester to get elected mayor". The Guardian.
  17. "What does the Mayor do?". Greater Manchester Elects. 4 May 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2017.
  18. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/443087/Greater_Manchester_Further_Devolution.pdf
  19. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/508116/Further_Devolution_to_Greater_Manchester_Combined_Authority_FINAL.pdf
  20. "Manchester gains control of housing". insidehousing.co.uk. 3 November 2014. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 9 November 2014.
  21. HM Treasury, "The UK economy and public finances: Devolution", in HM Treasury (ed.), Budget 2016 (PDF), London: HMSO, p. 74, ISBN 9781474129572.
  22. "Which is England's second city? When it comes to public transport, the answer is clear". citymetric.com. 22 October 2014. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  23. "Manchester Airports Group dividend windfall for councils". BBC News. 31 July 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  24. "Manchester Metrolink line opens more than a year ahead of schedule". The Guardian. 2 November 2014. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
  25. "Mayor says it is 'impossible' for him to get a grip on region's transport chaos". Manchester Evening News. 25 October 2018. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
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