Hyde, Greater Manchester

Hyde is a town in Tameside, Greater Manchester, England,[1] which had a population of 34,003 in 2011.[2]

Hyde

Hyde from Werneth Low
Hyde
Location within Greater Manchester
Population34,003 (2011 Census)
OS grid referenceSJ945945
Metropolitan borough
Metropolitan county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townHyde
Postcode districtSK14
Dialling code0161
PoliceGreater Manchester
FireGreater Manchester
AmbulanceNorth West
UK Parliament

Historically in Cheshire, it is 5 miles (8 km) northeast of Stockport, 6 miles (10 km) west of Glossop and 7.2 miles (12 km) east of Manchester.

History

Early history

Newton Hall was present in the thirteenth century. The area formed a township of the parish of St Mary, Stockport.[3] Its name is derived from the Hide, a measure of land for taxation purposes, taken to be that area of land necessary to support a peasant family.[4] In later times it was taken to be equivalent to 120 acres (49 ha).[4] In the late 18th century the area that was to become the town centre was no more than a cluster of houses known as Red Pump Street. Gee Cross was much larger and 'Hyde' was still only used to refer to the estates of Hyde Hall on the banks of the River Tame. Altogether there were only 3,500 inhabitants in the district in 1801. The town is largely a creation of the 19th century and the Industrial Revolution.

Industrial Revolution
Lancashire boiler built by Tinker, Shenton & Co, Hyde installed at Queen Street Mill Textile Museum, Burnley

The population of Hyde increased due to the success of the cotton mills during the Industrial Revolution of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, at one stage there were 40 working mills. By 1872 only 27 remained, half of the remaining mills closed between 1921 and 1939 and there is only one working mill in the town today. There were many mill owning families, including the Sidebotham, Hibbert and Horsfield families. The main employers in the mills were the Ashton family who successfully ran a combined spinning and weaving company. Most mills concentrated on one process only. The Ashton family built Hyde Chapel on Stockport Road, Gee Cross. The Ashton Brothers' Mill has recently been demolished to make way for a housing estate.

St George's Church was built in 1832 as a chapel of ease to St Mary's, Stockport. It was built at the instigation of John Hyde Clarke of Hyde Hall and was the first Church of England place of worship in the town. St George's became the parish church of part of Hyde township in 1842. Later additions include the lychgate, boathouse by the canal, hearse house, parish rooms and numerous vicarages. The church has a 110-foot (34 m) tower housing eight bells and a clock.

The Peak Forest Canal was constructed through Hyde from Ashton-under-Lyne to Woodley, Romiley and Marple. Captain Clarke's Bridge, originally named Wood End Canal Bridge is situated at the end of Woodend Lane. The bridge was erected before Captain Clarke rose to prominence and therefore probably became known as Captain Clarke's Bridge after he retired and resided there.

There was also a coal mine, known as Hyde Colliery, in the town and in January 1889 an explosion there killed 23 miners.[5] There was an enquiry held the following month at Hyde Town Hall.[6][7] The following month Ardwick AFC, modern day Manchester City, played Newton Heath, modern day Manchester United, under floodlights at Belle Vue to raise money for the victims' families. The game was watched by 10,000 people and this was the first floodlit match played by either side.[8]

20th century

During the 1960s, Myra Hindley and Ian Brady were arrested in their home on the Hattersley estate in Hyde after police found the body of 17-year-old Edward Evans in the house. At their trial they were found guilty of murdering Evans as well as two other children whose bodies were found buried on Saddleworth Moor several miles away.

Britain's most prolific serial killer, Dr Harold Shipman, had his doctor's surgery in the town where he murdered most of his several hundred victims. The first known victim was 86-year-old Sarah Hannah Marsland of Ashton House in Victoria Street on 7 August 1978 and the last was Kathleen Grundy of Joel Lane on 24 June 1998.[9]

21st century
Main article: Murders of Nicola Hughes and Fiona Bone

On 18 September 2012, drug dealer Dale Cregan made a hoax emergency call to the police from an address in Mottram in Longdendale, luring Police Constables Nicola Hughes, 23, and Fiona Bone, 32, of Greater Manchester Police there by claiming that there had been an incident of criminal damage. When they arrived, he murdered them.[10]

Governance

Civic history
Hyde Town Hall (Exterior left; Interior right).

Hyde was incorporated as a municipal borough of Cheshire in 1881, which covered the parishes of Hyde, Godley and Newton, along with part of Compstall.[11] In 1936, the borough was extended by the annexation of the civil parish of Hattersley and part of the civil parish of Matley from Tintwistle Rural District. The whole of the municipal borough became part of the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, Greater Manchester in 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972.

Hyde Town Hall dominates the market place area. The large bell in the clocktower is known as Owd Joss (Old Josh), named after Joshua Bradley, a former poor child worker in the mills. The clock chimes the Westminster Quarters.

Parliamentary representation
Stalybridge and Hyde as shown within Greater Manchester

As a county palatine, Cheshire was unrepresented in Parliament until the Chester and Cheshire (Constituencies) Act 1542. From 1545, Cheshire was represented by two Knights of the Shire. On the passage of the Great Reform Act of 1832, the area of Hyde was included in the North Cheshire constituency. Between the passing of the Second Reform Act of 1867 and the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the town was part of the East Cheshire constituency. Between 1885 and 1918 the town was part of the Hyde county constituency. Since the 1918 general election, the town has been represented in Parliament by the member for the Stalybridge and Hyde county constituency. The current Member of Parliament is Jonathan Reynolds.

Geography
Hyde Cenotaph on Werneth Low

Werneth Low Country Park is the location of the Hyde War Memorial. The memorial is owned by a trust which raised funds from Hyde residents after the Great War to create a permanent memorial to those Hyde residents who died in that conflict. The memorial contains 710 names.

Hyde is separated from Denton by the River Tame, a tributary of the River Mersey. There are several areas and suburbs in Hyde, these include: Gee Cross, Newton, Hattersley, Godley, Flowery Field, Kingston, Mottram in Longdendale, Hollingworth and Broadbottom.

Transport
Hyde bus station served by TfGM

Hyde is served by six railway stations:

Hyde is served by the M67 motorway, which is a feeder to the M60 which is the orbital motorway for Manchester and is connected to many other motorways that serve across the country.

Hyde also has Hyde bus station, with services into Manchester and other surrounding areas, including Stockport, Ashton-under-Lyne and Oldham. The station was originally built with an open 'bus shelter design' like many bus stations, but was rebuilt as a much larger central terminus style building, enclosed from the outside. It opened on 23 August 2007 and cost £3.7m to build. The initiative was intended to encourage people to use public transport.[12] Bus 201 runs between Hattersley and Manchester city centre, via Hyde, Denton and Gorton. Bus 202 runs between Gee Cross and Manchester city centre, via Hyde, Haughton Green, Denton and Gorton. Bus 330 runs between Ashton-under-Lyne and Stockport, via Dukinfield and Hyde. Bus 341 runs between Glossop and Hyde, via Charlesworth, Mottram-in-Longdendale, Hattersley and Hyde Hospital. Bus 342 runs between Hyde and Gee Cross, via Hyde Hospital. Bus 343 runs between Hyde and Oldham, via Dukinfield, Stalybridge, Carrbrook, Mossley and Lees. Bus 344 runs between Hyde and Hyde Hospital, via Backbower. Bus 346 runs between Ashton-under-Lyne and Gee Cross, via Dukinfield, Newton and Hyde.

Sport

Football
Ewen Fields the home of Hyde United F.C.

Hyde United F.C. was formed in 1919 and changed its name to Hyde FC in 2010, as a result of a sponsorship deal with Manchester City,[13] and back to Hyde United in 2015.[14] Hyde United entered the annals with the greatest ever competitive defeat in English Football on 15 October 1887 by losing 26 - 0 to Preston North End at Deepdale. The club plays its home games at Ewen Fields. The ground has been used by Manchester City and Manchester United for their reserve team fixtures; in 2010, Manchester City F.C. Reserves and Academy moved in. They used the facility as their permanent home until 2015, when a purpose-built academy stadium was opened on the campus at the Etihad Stadium. A notable appearance for Hyde United F.C. was in the FA Cup - in the 2017-18 season, they made a first round appearance in the FA Cup where they lost 4-0 to Milton Keynes Dons FC.

Boxing
Ricky Hatton's gym, Hatton Health and Fitness, is located in Hyde.

World champion boxer Ricky Hatton was brought up on the Hattersley Estate and now lives in Gee Cross. He who fought against Floyd Mayweather Jr and Manny Paqcuiao but lost on both occasions. Overall his record is at an outstanding 45-3 and had a record at one point of 43-0. His association with the town led to the creation of a boxing gym and health club by Hatton Promotions.[15]

Water polo

The Hyde Seal Swimming & Water Polo Club dominated water polo and swimming in England in the early years of the 20th century.[16]

Cricket

Hyde Cricket and Squash Club play in the Cheshire County League and have their ground near Werneth Low. Flowery Field Cricket Club are part of the Lancashire County League. Professional cricketer Len Hopwood was born in Newton.[17]

Education
Hyde Socialist Sunday School

Primary schools

Below is a list of all the primary schools in the Hyde area:

Secondary schools

Below is a list of all the primary schools in the Hyde area:[18]

Further education

Tameside College and Clarendon Sixth Form College used to be located in Hyde but have since moved to Ashton-under-Lyne.

Leisure
Hyde Park

Hyde's largest greenspace is Hyde Park and was originally part of the Newton Lodge estate which was purchased by James Ashton circa 1620.[19] The Ashton family became cotton mill owners and were one of the two biggest employers in Hyde. The park was given to the Borough of Hyde by Eveline Mary Ashton and Amy Elizabeth Ashton in 1902. It was opened as a public park on 21 May 1904.[19] The bandstand was opened in 1922 and in 1938 Newton Lodge was demolished and replaced by Bayley Hall. The park features a garden of tranquillity, a children's play area and a rockery.[20]

Hyde Market has been the historical shopping point for Hyde for centuries. In 1994 Clarendon Square Shopping Centre open alongside the market to modernise the shopping experience. Outside the shopping centre is a children's carousel ride which celebrate its 100th birthday on 6 July 2019.[21]

Theatre Royal, Hyde

Hyde has a small live Theatre. Situated on Corporation Street, the Festival Theatre is home to several local amateur groups presenting plays, music and dance in either the downstairs auditorium or the upstairs smaller studio. There are occasional visiting professional shows. The theatre has its own website.

Hyde has a recently refurbished leisure centre which contains a large swimming pool with a wave machine, the new 'Red Ripster' aqua slide and an upstairs fitness suite. The pool also has a new changing village and a new cafe and air conditioned eating area. The octagon shaped structure which has been open since the '90s, is situated next to the neighbouring Hyde United F.C. ground. The Waldorf Playing Fields are three fields adjacent to Matley Lane in Hyde.

Hyde also has its own Air Cadet Organisation (ACO), Part of a UK-wide cadet force with more than 40,000 members aged 13–20 and are sponsored by the Royal Air Force. The works of No 468 (Hyde & Hattersley) Squadron can be viewed at 468 Air Cadets Squadron.

Hyde Library has a gallery called the 'Rutherford Gallery', which is exhibiting the work of Harry Rutherford, an artist who was from the Tameside area. (Update - 14 August 2018: The library is now closed and has been much reduced in size and moved to the town hall. The Harry Rutherford exhibition is now at Ashton-under-Lyne.)

Notable people
See also: List of people from Tameside

The following individuals were born in Hyde or lived in the town for a period:

In fiction, Hyde is mentioned frequently in the BBC drama Life on Mars. In the programme, the character Sam Tyler was said to have transferred from C Division Hyde, to the City Centre, A Division CID. The choice of Hyde is given as a clue that his 1973 self is an alter ego, as in Robert Louis Stevenson's Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.[24]

The dance scene from the film Yanks (1979), which starred Richard Gere, was filmed in Hyde Town Hall.

See also

References
Notes
  1. "Greater Manchester Gazetteer". Greater Manchester County Record Office. Places names - G to H. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2008.
  2. UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Hyde (Tameside) Built-up area (1119883751)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  3. "Hyde". Cheshire Towns & Parishes. ukbmd.org.uk. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
  4. "Meaning of the early use of the word "Hide"". sizes.com. Retrieved 25 August 2007.
  5. James & Mellor (1989), p. 8.
  6. The Times 8, 9 and 16 February 1889.
  7. "The Hyde Colliery Inquiry: Edward Jackson". Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  8. Cawley & James (1991), p. 320.
  9. "Move Shipman's surgery". BBC News. 24 February 2000.
  10. "Dale Cregan: father of murdered WPc says he should hang". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  11. Great Britain Historical GIS Project (2004). "Hyde MB through time. Census tables with data for the Local Government District". A vision of Britain through time. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original on 1 October 2007.
  12. "State-of-the-Art Bus Station Opens its Doors to Hyde". Tameside.gov.uk. 23 August 2007. Archived from the original on 16 October 2008. Retrieved on 22 August 2008.
  13. "Stadium Time Line". Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  14. "Hyde FC to return to Hyde United". hydefc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 27 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
  15. Lewis, Ron (22 November 2008). "Ricky Hatton ready for career relaunch". The Times. London.
  16. "Hyde Seal Swimming and Water Polo Club". National Archives. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  17. "Discover Tameside's Heritage". The Citizen Newspaper. Tameside Council. Archived from the original on 27 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2009. He was born in Newton in 1903 and made his name with the powerful Lancashire side of the inter-war years but also played for Hyde, Stalybridge, Flowery Field and Denton St Lawrence
  18. "High Schools in Tameside". The Tameside Citizen. Tameside Metropolitan Borough Council. Retrieved 4 September 2014.
  19. Gardens (en), Parks and. "Hyde Park, Greater Manchester". Parks & Gardens.
  20. "Hyde Park".
  21. Yarwood, by Sam; 09:39, 6 Jul 2019 (6 July 2019). "The £1-a-ride carousel that's weathered storms, wars and vandalism". Manchester Evening News.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  22. "Tribute to artist who portrayed bleak times". Manchester Evening News. M.E.N. Media. 23 November 2001. Retrieved 6 July 2009. TRIBUTES poured in today for Trevor Grimshaw, the Hyde artist who has died following a fire at his home
  23. "Stuart says new school is a knockout". Manchester Evening News. M.E.N. Media. 11 September 2001. He told them stories about when he was at Leigh Primary School
  24. Life on Mars: The Complete Series One – DVD commentary
Bibliography
  • Cawley, Steve; James, Gary (1991). The Pride Of Manchester. Leicester: ACL & Polar. ISBN 0-9514862-1-7.
  • Dykes, Garth (1994). The United Alphabet. Leicester: ACL & Polar. ISBN 0-9514862-6-8.
  • James, Gary; Mellor, Keith (1989). From Maine Men To Banana Citizens. Nottingham: Temple Press. ISBN 1-870010-08-6.
  • James, Gary (1993). Football With A Smile: The Authorised Biography of Joe Mercer, OBE. Leicester: ACL & Polar. ISBN 0-9514862-9-2.
  • James, Gary (2008). Manchester A Football History. Halifax: James Ward. ISBN 978-0-9558127-0-5.
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