Monmouth County, New Jersey

Monmouth County (/ˈmɒnməθ/) is a county located on the coast of New Jersey, in the United States within the New York metropolitan area, and the northernmost county along the Jersey Shore. As of the 2019 Census estimate, the county's population was 618,795, making it the state's fifth-most populous county,[2][3][4] representing a decrease of 0.6% from the 2010 Census, when the population was enumerated at 630,380,[5] in turn an increase of 15,079 from 615,301 at the 2000 Census.[6] As of 2010, the county fell to the fifth-most populous county in the state, having been surpassed by Hudson County.[7][8] Its county seat is Freehold Borough.[1] The most populous place was Middletown Township, with 66,522 residents at the time of the 2010 Census, while Howell Township covered 61.21 square miles (158.5 km²), the largest total area of any municipality.[8]

Monmouth County
County
The boardwalk in Asbury Park
Location within the U.S. state of New Jersey
New Jersey's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 40.29°N 74.15°W
Country	United States
State	New Jersey
Founded	1683
Named for	Monmouthshire
Seat	Freehold Borough[1]
Largest city	Middletown Township (population) Howell Township (area)
Government
• Freeholder director	Thomas A. Arnone (R, term ends December 31, 2021)
Area
• Total	665.32 sq mi (1,723.2 km^2)
• Land	468.79 sq mi (1,214.2 km^2)
• Water	196.53 sq mi (509.0 km^2)  29.54%
Population  (2010)
• Total	630,380
• Estimate  (2019)	618,795
• Density	950/sq mi (370/km^2)
Congressional districts	4th, 6th
Website	www.co.monmouth.nj.us

History

In 1609, the English navigator, Henry Hudson, and his crew aboard the Dutch vessel Half Moon spotted land in what is now Monmouth County,[9] most likely off Sandy Hook; however, some historical accounts credit this landing to present-day Keansburg. Among the first European settlers and majority landowners in the area were Richard and Penelope Stout. Penelope "miraculously" survived her wounds from a native attack in Sandy Hook and further lived to the age of 110. Additionally, a group of Quaker families from Long Island settled the Monmouth Tract, an early land grant from Richard Nicolls issued in 1665. They were followed by a group of Scottish settlers who inhabited Freehold Township in about 1682–85, followed several years later by Dutch settlers. As they arrived in this area, they were greeted by Lenape Native Americans, who lived in scattered small family bands and developed a largely amicable relationship with the new arrivals.[10] Enslaved Africans were present in the area from at least 1680, and by 1726 made up 9% of the total population of the county.[11]

Monmouth County was established on March 7, 1683, while part of the province of East Jersey. On October 31, 1693, the county was partitioned into the townships of Freehold, Middletown and Shrewsbury.[12] Its name may come from a suggestion from Colonel Lewis Morris that the county should be named after Monmouthshire in Wales, Great Britain. Other suggestions include that it was named for James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth (1649–1685), who had many allies among the East Jersey leadership.[13] In 1714, the first county government was established.

At the June 28, 1778, Battle of Monmouth, near Freehold Township, General George Washington's soldiers battled the British under Sir Henry Clinton, in the longest land battle of the American Revolutionary War. It was at Monmouth that the tactics and training from Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben developed at Valley Forge during the winter encampment were first implemented on a large scale.[14]

At independence, Monmouth's population included 1,640 slaves, as well as an undetermined number of free African Americans. The number of enslaved persons fell steeply after 1820, though a small number remained until at least 1850. Monmouth's free African American population climbed from 353 in 1790 to 2,658 in 1860.[11] There was a small African-American middle class consisting of freedmen present in Monmouth County by the 1840s and 1850s.[15]

Ocean County was carved out of Monmouth County in 1850.

In 1790 Monmouth County's population was 16,918, of whom roughly 6,600 were of English descent and the remainder were Welsh, Dutch and Swedish, as well as small amounts of African Americans and Northern Irish Protestants.[16] By the year 2010 Monmouth County's population was 628,112 of whom 40,489 were of English descent.[17] Between 1890 and 1907 nearly 18 million European immigrants came to America.[18] At the same time the region underwent massive and not unrelated economic changes, this process led to places like Monmouth County, New Jersey becoming significantly more diverse and somewhat less rural.[19]

Geography

According to the 2010 census, the county had a total area of 665.32 square miles (1,723.2 km²), including 468.79 square miles (1,214.2 km²) of land (70.5%) and 196.53 square miles (509.0 km²) of water (29.5%).[8][20]

Much of Monmouth County remains flat and low-lying even far inland. However, there are some low hills in and around Holmdel Township, and one of them, Crawford Hill, the former site of a radar facility, is the county's highest point, variously listed at 380 to 391 feet (116 to 119 m) above sea level.[21][22] The top portion of the hill is owned by Alcatel-Lucent and houses a research laboratory of Bell Laboratories.[23] The northeastern portion of the county, in the Locust section of Middletown Township and the boroughs of Highlands and Atlantic Highlands, are also very hilly. The lowest point is sea level.

Along with adjacent Ocean County, Monmouth County is a mecca of boating and fishing. Its waterways include several rivers and bays that flow from the Raritan Bayshore into Raritan Bay and Lower New York Bay and into the Atlantic Ocean. The Manasquan Inlet is located in the county, which connects the Atlantic Ocean with the estuary of the Manasquan River, a bay-like body of saltwater that serves as the starting point of the Intracoastal Waterway, which attracts as many as 1,600 boats each weekend during the peak season.[24]

Adjacent counties

The county adjoins:[25]

• Middlesex County – northwest
• Ocean County – south
• Mercer County – west
• Burlington County – southwest
• Richmond County, New York – north

National protected area

• Gateway National Recreation Area (part)

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1790	16,918		—
1800	19,872		17.5%
1810	22,150		11.5%
1820	25,038		13.0%
1830	29,233		16.8%
1840	32,909		12.6%
1850	30,313	*	−7.9%
1860	39,346		29.8%
1870	46,195		17.4%
1880	55,538		20.2%
1890	69,128		24.5%
1900	82,057		18.7%
1910	94,734		15.4%
1920	104,925		10.8%
1930	147,209		40.3%
1940	161,238		9.5%
1950	225,327		39.7%
1960	334,401		48.4%
1970	461,849		38.1%
1980	503,173		8.9%
1990	553,124		9.9%
2000	615,301		11.2%
2010	630,380		2.5%
2019 (est.)	618,795	[26]	−1.8%
Historical sources: 1790-1990[27] 1970-2010[8] 2000[6] 2010[5] 2000-2010[28] * = Lost territory in previous decade.[12] 2010-2018

Census 2010

The 2010 United States Census counted 630,380 people, 233,983 households, and 163,320 families in the county. The population density was 1,344.7 per square mile (519.2/km²). There were 258,410 housing units at an average density of 551.2 per square mile (212.8/km²). The racial makeup was 82.60% (520,716) White, 7.37% (46,443) Black or African American, 0.19% (1,211) Native American, 4.96% (31,258) Asian, 0.03% (211) Pacific Islander, 2.89% (18,187) from other races, and 1.96% (12,354) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.67% (60,939) of the population.[5]

Of the 233,983 households, 32.4% had children under the age of 18; 55.5% were married couples living together; 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present and 30.2% were non-families. Of all households, 25% were made up of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.22.[5]

23.8% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 24% from 25 to 44, 30.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.3 years. For every 100 females, the population had 94.7 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 91.9 males.[5]

2000 Census

As of the 2000 United States Census[29] there were 615,301 people, 224,236 households, and 160,328 families residing in the county. The population density was 1,304 people per square mile (503/km²). There were 240,884 housing units at an average density of 510 per square mile (197/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 84.39% White, 8.06% Black or African American, 0.14% Native American, 3.97% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.74% from other races, and 1.68% from two or more races. 6.20% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.[6][30] Based on the first ancestries reported by Monmouth County residents in the 2000 Census, 23.2% of residents were of Italian ancestry, 23.0% Irish, 14.0% German, 7.5% Polish and 7.0% English ancestry.[30][31]

There were 224,236 households, out of which 35.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.20% were married couples living together, 10.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.50% were non-families. 23.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.24.[6]

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.10% under the age of 18, 6.90% from 18 to 24, 30.40% from 25 to 44, 24.10% from 45 to 64, and 12.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.90 males.[6]

The median income for a household in the county was $64,271, and the median income for a family was $76,823. Males had a median income of $55,030 versus $35,415 for females. The per capita income for the county was $31,149. About 4.5% of families and 6.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.5% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over.[30][32]

Economy

In 2015, the county had a per capita personal income of $69,410, the fifth-highest in New Jersey and ranked 74th of 3,113 counties in the United States.[33][34] Monmouth County ranked 38th among the highest-income counties in the United States as of 2011, placing it among the top 1.2% of counties by wealth.[35] As of 2009, it was ranked 56th in the United States by personal per-capita income.[36]

Government

Monmouth County is governed by a five-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, who are elected at-large for three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats up for election each year. Each January, the freeholders select one of their members to serve as the director of the board for the year to preside over the meetings and activities of the board. Monmouth County's Freeholders have both administrative and policy making powers. The freeholders oversee the five mandatory functions of county government delegated to it by the state. Each freeholder is assigned responsibility for one of the five functional areas: Administration and Special Services; Public Works and Engineering; Human Services, Health and Transportation; Finance and Administration of Justice, overseeing more than 70 county departments in total.[37] In 2016, freeholders were paid $27,000 and the freeholder director was paid an annual salary of $27,900.[38]

County Administrator Teri O'Connor, an appointed position, serves as the county's chief executive officer, and is responsible for carrying out the policies and directives established by the Board of Chosen Freeholders and managing the daily operations of the county's more than 3,000 employees.[39]

As of 2018, Monmouth County's Freeholders are:[37][40][41]

• Freeholder Director Thomas A. Arnone (R, Neptune City, term as freeholder ends December 31, 2022; term as freeholder director ends 2021)[42]
• Freeholder Deputy Director Lillian G. Burry (R, Colts Neck Township, term as freeholder ends 2020; term as deputy director ends 2018)[43]
• Sue Kiley (R, Hazlet, 2018)[44]
• Patrick G. Improveduto (R, Holmdel Township, 2020)[45]
• Dominick DiRocco (R, Wall Township, 2022) [46]

Gerry P. Scharfenberger, who had served on the Middletown Township Committee for 14 years, was sworn into office in February 2018 to fill the seat expiring in December 2019 that had been held by Serena DiMaso until she resigned after taking office in the New Jersey General Assembly; Scharfenberger will serve on an interim basis until the November 2018 general election, when voters will select a candidate to serve the balance of the term of office.[47]

Pursuant to Article VII Section II of the New Jersey State Constitution, each county in New Jersey is required to have three elected administrative officials known as "constitutional officers." These officers are the County Clerk and County Surrogate (both elected for five-year terms of office) and the County Sheriff (elected for a three-year term).[48] Monmouth county's constitutional officers are:[40]

• County clerk Christine Giordano Hanlon (R, 2020; Ocean Township)[49][50]
• Sheriff Shaun Golden (R, 2019; Howell Township)[51][52] Monmouth County has had sheriffs since he colonial era.
• Surrogate Rosemarie D. Peters (R, 2021; Middletown Township)[53][54]

Christopher J. Gramiccioni of Wall Township is the county's prosecutor, having been formally nominated to the position by Governor of New Jersey Chris Christie in May 2016.[55][56] Gramiccioni had been serving on an acting basis for almost four years, since being appointed to the post in July 2012 by Attorney General of New Jersey Jeffrey S. Chiesa.[57]

Monmouth County constitutes Vicinage 9 of the New Jersey Superior Court and is seated at the Monmouth County Courthouse in Freehold Borough, with additional facilities in Freehold and Ocean Township; the Assignment Judge for Vicinage 9 is Lisa P. Thornton.[58]

The 4th and 6th Congressional Districts cover the county.[59][60] For the 116th United States Congress, New Jersey's Fourth Congressional District is represented by Chris Smith (R, Hamilton Township).[61][62] For the 116th United States Congress, New Jersey's Sixth Congressional District is represented by Frank Pallone (D, Long Branch).[63][64]

The county is part of the 11th, 12th, 13th and 30th Districts in the New Jersey Legislature.[65] For the 2018–2019 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 11th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Vin Gopal (D, Long Branch) and in the General Assembly by Joann Downey (D, Freehold Township) and Eric Houghtaling (D, Neptune Township).[66][67] For the 2018–2019 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 12th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Samuel D. Thompson (R, Old Bridge Township) and in the General Assembly by Robert D. Clifton (R, Matawan) and Ronald S. Dancer (R, Plumsted Township).[68][69] For the 2018–2019 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 13th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Declan O'Scanlon (R, Little Silver) and in the General Assembly by Gerard Scharfenberger (R, Middletown Township) and Serena DiMaso (R, Holmdel Township).[70][71] For the 2020–2021 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 30th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Robert Singer (R, Lakewood Township) and in the General Assembly by Sean T. Kean (R, Wall Township) and Ned Thomson (R, Wall Township).[72][73]

Politics

Monmouth County generally leans Republican in federal, state and local races, though registered Democrats very narrowly outnumber registered Republicans.[74] Al Gore in 2000 and Bill Clinton in 1996 are the only two Democratic presidential candidates to have won it since 1964, when Lyndon B. Johnson won a national landslide and carried every county in New Jersey. All five county Freeholders, all three constitutional officers, and the majority of state legislators are Republicans.

As of October 1, 2020, there were a total of 482,595 registered voters in Monmouth County, of whom 139,874 (28.9%) were registered as Democrats, 137,292 (28.4%) were registered as Republicans and 199,621 (41.3%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 5,808 (1.2%) voters registered to other parties.[75] Among the county's 2010 Census population, 89% of residents of age 18 and over were registered to vote.[76]

The Republican Party had held all five Freeholder seats until 2006, but after the 2006 and 2008 elections, Democrats controlled the Board by a 3–2 margin. The Board swung back in favor of the Republicans after the 2009 election when Republican John Curley beat Democrat Sean Byrnes. Both were running to succeed former Freeholder Director Barbara McMorrow, a Democrat, who had chosen not to seek re-election. In 2010, former mayor of Neptune City, NJ, Thomas Arnone (R) and incumbent Freeholder Robert Clifton (R) won seats giving Republicans control of the Board of Chosen Freeholders by a 4–1 margin.[77]

In the 2004 U.S. presidential election, George W. Bush carried the county by a 10% margin over John Kerry, with Kerry carrying the state by 6.7% over Bush.[78] In 2008, John McCain carried Monmouth by an unexpectedly close margin of only 3.7% margin over Barack Obama, with Obama winning New Jersey by 15.5% over McCain. In the state's U.S. Senatorial election that same year, Dick Zimmer also won here, by a 6.2% margin over incumbent Frank Lautenberg, with Lautenberg winning reelection by 14.1% over Zimmer.[79] In the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Republican Donald Trump received 166,723 (53%) of the vote, Democrat Hillary Clinton received 137,181 (43.6%) of the vote, and other candidates received 10,473 (3.3%) of the vote.[80] In the 2009 Gubernatorial Election, Republican Chris Christie received 62% of the vote, defeating Democrat Jon Corzine, who received around 31%. In the 2017 Gubernational Election, Republican Kim Guadagno received 101,525 (55%) of the vote, and Democrat Phil Murphy received 79,423 (43%) of the vote.[81] Notably, both Guadagno and Murphy were Monmouth County residents.

In the 2018 United States Midterms, there were 261,419 votes cast for the United States Senate. 112,383 (43%) voted for Democrat Bob Menedez, 140,628 (53.8%) voted for Republican Bob Hugin, while other candidates from 6 different parties received a total of 8,408 (3.2%) of the vote.[82] Monmouth County has two Congressional Districts within it: the 4th and 6th. For the 4th district 178,640 ballots were cast within Monmouth County, of which 93,491 (52.3%) voted for Republican Chris Smith, 82,535 (46.2%) voted for Democrat Joshua Welle, and 2,614 (1.5%) voted for candidates of other parties. For the 6th district, 80,977 ballots were cast within Monmouth County, of which 44,405 (54.8%) voted for Democrat Frank Pallone, and 36,572 (45.2%) voted for Republican Richard J. Pezzullo.[83]

Presidential elections results

Presidential elections results[84]

Year	Republican	Democratic	Third parties
2020	50.7% 191,808	47.9% 181,291	1.4% 5,291
2016	52.5% 166,723	43.2% 137,181	4.4% 13,846
2012	51.8% 148,000	46.8% 133,820	1.4% 3,847
2008	51.2% 160,433	47.5% 148,737	1.4% 4,244
2004	54.6% 163,650	44.6% 133,773	0.8% 2,516
2000	45.5% 119,291	50.2% 131,476	4.3% 11,374
1996	40.2% 99,975	48.4% 120,414	11.5% 28,572
1992	44.2% 117,715	38.2% 101,750	17.5% 46,651
1988	61.1% 147,320	38.1% 91,844	0.7% 1,793
1984	65.5% 152,595	34.1% 79,382	0.4% 932
1980	56.7% 120,173	33.7% 71,328	9.7% 20,470
1976	54.3% 110,104	43.9% 88,956	1.8% 3,730
1972	65.7% 124,830	33.3% 63,176	1.0% 1,971
1968	51.2% 87,311	40.9% 69,669	7.9% 13,476
1964	39.1% 61,367	60.7% 95,320	0.2% 368
1960	56.5% 81,382	43.3% 62,434	0.2% 244
1956	71.8% 83,828	27.7% 32,329	0.5% 594
1952	66.3% 73,228	33.5% 37,006	0.2% 257
1948	62.2% 52,908	35.9% 30,507	1.9% 1,618
1944	58.7% 49,349	41.3% 34,720	0.1% 53
1940	57.7% 49,675	42.2% 36,298	0.1% 74
1936	51.3% 41,460	48.2% 38,914	0.5% 393
1932	52.7% 40,467	45.9% 35,219	1.4% 1,055
1928	65.8% 47,046	34.0% 24,286	0.2% 122
1924	65.6% 34,451	28.5% 14,931	5.9% 3,100
1920	68.1% 28,818	30.7% 12,975	1.3% 543
1916	51.5% 11,624	47.5% 10,729	1.1% 237
1912	18.3% 3,683	48.6% 9,799	33.2% 6,700
1908	56.3% 12,528	41.6% 9,274	2.1% 468
1904	52.9% 10,885	43.9% 9,032	3.2% 662
1900	53.1% 10,363	43.9% 8,570	3.0% 583
1896	55.2% 10,611	40.6% 7,799	4.1% 787
County CPVI: R+5

Transportation

Roads and highways

Garden State Parkway northbound entering Monmouth County

Monmouth County has numerous important roads that pass through. As of May 2010, the county had a total of 3,354.67 miles (5,398.82 km) of roadways, of which 2,762.31 miles (4,445.51 km) are maintained by the local municipality, 360.42 miles (580.04 km) by Monmouth County and 204.89 miles (329.74 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and 27.05 miles (43.53 km) by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority.[85]

The state routes include Route 18, Route 33, Route 33 Business, Route 34, Route 35, Route 36, Route 66, Route 70, Route 71, Route 79, and Route 138. U.S. Route 9 passes through and practically bisects Monmouth, stretching through the county for more than 20 miles (32 km) from Lakewood in Ocean County in the south to Old Bridge Township in Middlesex County to the north.[86]

Limited access roads include Interstate 195, the only interstate to pass through the county, which extends for 8.4 miles (13.5 km) from Jackson in Ocean County on the west to Wall in Monmouth County on the east.[87] The New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95) just misses the county border by 0.2 miles (0.32 km) near Upper Freehold Township. The Garden State Parkway extends 26.5 miles (42.6 km) from Brick Township in Ocean County in the south to Old Bridge Township in Middlesex County to the north.[88] The Parkway's Monmouth Service Area is located at milepost 100, between exits 98 and 100.[89]

Public transportation

Numerous NJ Transit buses crisscross and deliver hundreds of passengers each day to northern New Jersey and New York's Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan as well as the 317 bus line going into Philadelphia. Many hundreds more each day travel on NJ Transit Rail Operations' North Jersey Coast Line, which serves Penn Station in New York City, and passes through Middlesex County, entering Monmouth County at Matawan, with 14 stations covering the length of the county, connecting the New York region to Atlantic Ocean shore communities.[90]

Municipalities

Index map of Monmouth County municipalities (click to see index key)

Municipalities in Monmouth County (with 2010 Census data for housing units and area in square miles, as well as 2018 estimates for population) are listed below.[91][92] Other, unincorporated communities in the county are listed next to their parent municipality. Many of these areas are census-designated places (labeled as CDPs) that have been created by the United States Census Bureau for enumeration purposes within a township, with the 2010 Census population listed. Other communities and enclaves that exist within a municipality are also listed.

Municipality	Map index	Mun. type	Pop.	Housing units	Total area	Water area	Land area	Pop. density	Housing density	School district	Unincorporated communities
Aberdeen Township	50	township	18,636	7,102	7.77	2.33	5.45	3,343.0	1,303.8	Matawan-Aberdeen	Cliffwood Cliffwood Beach CDP (3,194) Henningers Mills Strathmore CDP (7,258)
Allenhurst	14	borough	496	365	0.28	0.02	0.26	1,887.9	1,389.3	Asbury Park (S/R)
Allentown	38	borough	1,828	735	0.63	0.03	0.60	3,023.9	1,215.8	Upper Freehold Regional
Asbury Park	11	city	15,511	8,076	1.60	0.18	1.42	11,319.5	5,672.4	Asbury Park
Atlantic Highlands	29	borough	4,385	2,002	4.56	3.27	1.29	3,401.2	1,552.9	Henry Hudson Regional (7-12) Atlantic Highlands (K-6)	Hilton Stone Church
Avon-by- the-Sea	8	borough	1,901	1,321	0.54	0.12	0.43	4,459.1	3,098.6	Manasquan (9-12) (S/R) Avon (K-8)
Belmar	7	borough	5,587	3,931	1.65	0.60	1.05	5,544.0	3,761.4	Manasquan (9-12) (S/R) Belmar (PK-8)
Bradley Beach	10	borough	4,298	3,180	0.63	0.02	0.61	7,023.6	5,196.6	Asbury Park ((9-12) (S/R) (93%) Neptune Twp (9-12) (S/R) (7%) Bradley Beach (PK-8)
Brielle	1	borough	4,774	2,034	2.37	0.62	1.76	2,717.5	1,157.8	Manasquan (9-12) (S/R) Brielle (PK-8)	Manasquan Park
Colts Neck Township	47	township	9,879	3,735	31.79	1.06	30.73	330.0	121.5	Freehold Regional (9-12) Colts Neck (PK-8)	Bucks Mill Colonial Terrace Cooks Mills Montrose Phalanx Scobeyville Vanderburg
Deal	15	borough	750	926	1.32	0.08	1.24	604.8	746.7	Shore Regional (9-12) Deal (K-8)
Eatontown	24	borough	12,242	5,723	5.88	0.05	5.83	2,181.5	982.3	Monmouth Regional (9-12) Eatontown (PK-8)
Englishtown	36	borough	1,847	647	0.59	0.02	0.57	3,245.7	1,137.0	Freehold Regional (9-12) Manalapan-Englishtown (PK-8)
Fair Haven	20	borough	5,820	2,065	2.11	0.51	1.60	3,832.5	1,292.9	Rumson-Fair Haven (9-12) Fair Haven (PK-8)
Farmingdale	34	borough	1,329	578	0.52	0.00	0.52	2,547.7	1,108.0	Freehold Regional (9-12) Farmingdale (PK-8)
Freehold Borough	35	borough	11,767	4,249	1.95	0.00	1.95	6,180.8	2,179.1	Freehold Regional (9-12) Freehold Borough (PK-8)
Freehold Township	42	township	34,735	13,140	38.73	0.22	38.50	939.8	341.3	Freehold Regional (9-12) Freehold Township (PK-8)	Burlington Heights East Freehold CDP (4,894) Georgia Orchard Estates Siloam Smithburg Stonehurst East Stonehurst West West Freehold CDP (13,613)
Hazlet Township	53	township	19,802	7,417	5.67	0.12	5.56	3,659.4	1,334.8	Hazlet Township	Centerville Mechanicsville North Centerville Tiltons Corner Van Marters Corner West Keansburg
Highlands	28	borough	5,005	3,146	1.37	0.60	0.77	6,522.8	4,100.1	Henry Hudson Regional (7-12) Highlands (PK-6)	Waterwitch
Holmdel Township	51	township	16,662	5,792	18.11	0.22	17.90	937.3	323.7	Holmdel Township	Centerville Crawford Corners Everett Morrells Corner Pleasant Valley Crossroads
Howell Township	43	township	52,114	17,979	61.21	0.65	60.56	843.4	296.9	Freehold Regional (9-12) Howell Township (PK-8)	Adelphia Ardena Ardmore Estates Bergerville Candlewood Collingwood Park Fairfield Fort Plains Freewood Acres Jerseyville Lake Club Land of Pines Larrabees Lower Squankum Matthews Maxim Oak Glen Parkway Pines Ramtown CDP (6,242) Salem Hill Shacks Corner Southard Squankum West Farms Winston Park Wyckoff Mills
Interlaken	13	borough	820	393	0.38	0.05	0.33	2,482.3	1,189.7	Shore Regional (9-12) (S/R) West Long Branch (K-8) (S/R)
Keansburg	30	borough	10,105	4,318	16.79	15.72	1.07	9,452.3	4,039.1	Keansburg	Tiltons Corner
Keyport	32	borough	9,719	3,272	1.47	0.07	1.40	5,188.4	2,344.8	Keyport
Lake Como	6	borough	1,759	1,115	0.27	0.01	0.25	6,943.6	4,401.4	Manasquan (9-12) (S/R) Belmar (PK-8) (S/R)
Little Silver	21	borough	5,813	2,278	3.32	0.61	2.71	2,197.3	841.3	Red Bank Regional (9-12) Little Silver (PK-8)	Little Silver Point
Loch Arbour	12	village	194	159	0.14	0.04	0.10	1,928.2	1,580.4	Shore Regional (9-12) (S/R) West Long Branch (K-8) (S/R)
Long Branch	16	city	30,406	14,170	6.28	1.01	5.27	5,824.4	2,686.7	Long Branch	Branchport East Long Branch Elberon North Long Branch Pier Village West End
Manalapan Township	41	township	39,596	13,735	30.84	0.23	30.61	1,270.0	448.8	Freehold Regional (9-12) Manalapan-Englishtown (PK-8)	Clarks Mills Elton Gordons Corner Lafayette Mills Millhurst Monmouth Heights Oakland Mills Smithburg Taylors Mills Tennent Whittier Oaks Yorketown CDP (6,535)
Manasquan	2	borough	5,846	3,500	2.53	1.15	1.38	4,263.0	2,530.2	Manasquan
Marlboro Township	49	township	39,874	13,436	30.47	0.11	30.36	1,323.7	442.5	Freehold Regional (9-12) Marlboro Township (PK-8)	Beacon Hill Bradevelt Claytons Corner Henningers Mills Herberts Corner Hillsdale Marlboro Monmouth Heights Montrose Morganville CDP (5,040) Mount Pleasant Pleasant Valley Robertsville CDP (11,297) Smocks Corner Spring Valley Wickatunk
Matawan	33	borough	8,736	3,606	2.40	0.14	2.26	3,896.6	1,594.9	Matawan-Aberdeen	Freneau
Middletown Township	52	township	65,490	24,959	58.73	17.75	40.99	1,622.9	608.9	Middletown Township	Belford CDP (1,768) Chapel Hill East Keansburg Everett Fairview CDP (3,806) Harmony Hendrickson Corners Holland Leonardo CDP (2,757) Leonardville Lincroft CDP (6,135) Locust Monmouth Hills Navesink CDP (2,020) New Monmouth (28,689) North Middletown CDP (3,295) Oak Hill Philips Mills Port Monmouth CDP (3,818) Red Hill River Plaza Stone Church Tiltons Corner Town Brook
Millstone Township	40	township	10,453	3,434	37.27	0.68	36.59	288.8	93.9	Upper Freehold Regional (9-12) (S/R) Millstone Township (PK-8)	Bairdsville Bergen Mills Carrs Corner Carrs Tavern Charleston Springs Clarksburg Ely Elys Corner Fair Play Holmeson Perrineville Smithburg Stone Tavern Sweetman
Monmouth Beach	17	borough	3,279	1,981	2.07	0.99	1.08	3,049.5	1,842.4	Shore Regional (9-12) Monmouth Beach (PK-8)	Galilee
Neptune Township	45	township	27,595	12,991	8.67	0.49	8.18	3,414.3	1,587.8	Neptune Township	Bradley Park Green Grove Hamilton Ocean Grove CDP (3,342) Shark River Hills CDP (3,697) West Grove
Neptune City	9	borough	4,869	2,312	0.95	0.00	0.95	5,105.0	2,424.0	Neptune Township (9-12) (S/R) Neptune City (K-8)
Ocean Township	46	township	26,708	11,541	11.00	0.12	10.88	2,509.1	1,061.1	Ocean Township	Cold Indian Springs Deal Park Dogs Corners Elberon Park Green Grove Oakhurst CDP (3,995) Oakhurst Manor Wanamassa CDP (4,532) Wayside Wertheins Corner West Allenhurst (1,934) West Deal
Oceanport	22	borough	5,751	2,390	3.80	0.62	3.18	1,833.7	751.5	Shore Regional (9-12) Oceanport (PK-8)	Port-au-peck Sands Point
Red Bank	26	borough	12,048	5,381	2.16	0.42	1.74	7,019.1	3,094.4	Red Bank Regional (9-12) Red Bank Borough (PK-8)
Roosevelt	37	borough	882	327	1.92	0.01	1.91	461.8	171.2	East Windsor (7-12) (S/R) Roosevelt (PK-6)
Rumson	19	borough	6,776	2,585	7.12	2.06	5.06	1,408.0	511.0	Rumson-Fair Haven (9-12) Rumson (PK-8)	Oceanic Waterloo
Sea Bright	18	borough	1,412	1,211	1.29	0.56	0.73	1,935.5	1,659.9	Shore Regional (9-12) Oceanport (PK-8) (S/R)	Low Moor Navesink Beach Normandie
Sea Girt	3	borough	1,828	1,291	1.45	0.39	1.06	1,729.6	1,221.5	Manasquan (9-12) (S/R) Sea Girt (PK-8)
Shrewsbury Borough	25	borough	3,809	1,310	2.20	0.03	2.17	1,757.2	604.4	Red Bank Regional (9-12) Shrewsbury Borough (PK-8)
Shrewsbury Township	48	township	1,141	648	0.10	0.00	0.10	10,877.7	6,177.7	Monmouth Regional (9-12) Tinton Falls (K-8)
Spring Lake	5	borough	2,993	2,048	1.73	0.40	1.33	2,250.8	1,540.2	Manasquan (9-12) (S/R) Spring Lake (PK-8)	North Spring Lake
Spring Lake Heights	4	borough	4,713	2,972	1.31	0.03	1.28	3,671.3	2,315.1	Manasquan (9-12) (S/R) Spring Lake Heights (K-8)	Villa Park
Tinton Falls	27	borough	17,563	8,766	15.62	0.14	15.49	1,155.3	566.0	Monmouth Regional (9-12) Tinton Falls (K-8)	Green Grove Hockhockson Macedonia Pine Brook Reevytown Wayside West Shrewsbury Wileys Corner
Union Beach	31	borough	5,485	2,269	1.89	0.09	1.80	3,461.5	1,257.7	Keyport (9-12) (S/R) Union Beach (PK-8)	Natco Van Marters Corner
Upper Freehold Township	39	township	7,019	2,458	47.23	0.82	46.42	148.7	53.0	Upper Freehold Regional	Arneytown Cooleys Corner Cream Ridge Ellisdale Emleys Hill Homes Mills Hornerstown Imlaystown Kirbys Mills Nelsonville New Canton New Sharon Polhemustown Pullentown Red Valley Robinsville Sharon Shrewsbury Spring Mill Walnford Wrightsville
Wall Township	44	township	25,705	10,883	31.74	1.06	30.67	853.0	354.8	Wall Township	Algers Mills Allaire Allenwood CDP (925) Baileys Corner Blansingburg Carmerville Collingwood Park Glendola New Bedford Osbornes Mills Remsen Mills Sterling Woods West Belmar CDP (2,493)
West Long Branch	23	borough	7,909	2,528	2.89	0.04	2.86	2,832.9	884.5	Shore Regional (9-12) West Long Branch (K-8)
Monmouth County	—	county	630,380	258,410	665.32	196.53	468.79	1,344.7	551.2

Fire departments

Monmouth County is covered by 53 different fire departments, which contain 135 individual fire companies and over 7,000 volunteer firefighters, who are all represented by the Monmouth County Firemen's Association.[93]

The Monmouth County Fire Marshal's Office is responsible for training all of the firefighters through the Monmouth County Fire Academy, as well as investigating any fires which may be deemed suspicious and/or involving a fatality. The Monmouth County fire marshal, currently Kevin Stout, and his staff – including assistant fire marshals and academy staff – are appointed by the County Board of Chosen Freeholders.[94]

With the exception of the fully professional Asbury Park Fire Department and the US Navy Fire Department at NWS Earle, the remainder of the municipalities in the county have volunteer or combination fire departments.[95] The largest volunteer department is in Middletown Township with 11 stations and 350 active members, special services, air and fire police units, in addition to operating its own training facility.[96]

In terms of hazardous material (HazMat) emergencies, very few towns, notably Middletown which has a special services unit, have special units to respond to these types of emergencies. Fort Monmouth responded to most HazMat cases prior to the closing of the base. Naval Weapons Station Earle is also available for HazMat incidents.

The oldest fire department in the county in continuous operation is the Hope Fire Company in Allentown, organized in 1856. The newest fire department, Holmdel Fire Co. No. 2 was established in 2006.

Monmouth County utilizes a mutual aid system, in which surrounding municipalities are available to send their resources to incidents where extra help or expertise is needed.[97]

Coroners and medical examiners

Jordan Woolley served as coroner circa 1880.[98] John W. Flock Sr. was the coroner in 1902.[99] The office of medical examiner was merged with Middlesex County, New Jersey in 2016.[100] Dr. Diane Karluk, M.D. is the medical examiner serving Mercer County, Middlesex County and Monmouth County.[101][102]

Education

Monmouth University is a four-year private university located in West Long Branch that was founded in 1933 as Monmouth Junior College.[103][104]

Brookdale Community College is the two-year community college for Monmouth County, one of a network of 19 county colleges statewide. The school is located in the Lincroft section of Middletown Township, having been founded in 1967.[105] Rutgers University has a partnership with Brookdale which offers bachelor's degree completion programs at Brookdale's Freehold campus.[106]

In addition to multiple public high schools, parochial schools in Monmouth County include St. Rose High School, Red Bank Catholic High School, Christian Brothers Academy, St. John Vianney High School, and Mater Dei High School, which operate under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Trenton.[107] A secular private school, Ranney School, is also located in the county.

The county has an extensive vocational high school program, known as the Monmouth County Vocational School District, including five magnet schools:[108]

• Academy of Allied Health & Science (Allied) in Neptune Township
• Biotechnology High School (BioTech) in Freehold Township
• Communications High School (Communications, CHS) in Wall Township
• High Technology High School (High Tech) in Lincroft (located on the Brookdale Community College campus)
• Marine Academy of Science and Technology (MAST) in Sandy Hook

Climate and weather

Freehold Borough, New Jersey
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     3.6     39 22     2.9     43 24     4.1     51 30     4.2     62 40     4.1     72 50     4.4     81 60     5     86 65     4.1     84 64     4.5     77 55     3.8     66 43     3.8     55 36     4     44 27 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches Source: The Weather Channel[109]
Metric conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     91     4 −6     74     6 −4     104     11 −1     107     17 4     104     22 10     112     27 16     127     30 18     104     29 18     114     25 13     97     19 6     97     13 2     102     7 −3 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm

Much of Monmouth County has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), while some inland areas have a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa). In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Freehold Borough have ranged from a low of 22 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 86 °F (30 °C) in July, although a record low of −13 °F (−25 °C) was recorded in January 1984 and a record high of 106 °F (41 °C) was recorded in July 2011. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.98 inches (76 mm) in February to 5.08 inches (129 mm) in July.[109]

Average monthly temperatures in Asbury Park range from 32.5 °F in January to 75.0 °F in July, while in Allentown, NJ they range from 31.9 °F in January to 75.5 °F in July.

On October 29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused catastrophic damage to coastal areas of Monmouth County. As Sandy's surge arrived in Monmouth County, flood levels of 13.31 feet (4.06 m) above normal were measured at Sandy Hook shortly before the destruction of the tidal station, breaking all previous local records. The surge caused waves as high as 32.5 feet (9.9 m), measured where the Sandy Hook Bay meets the New York Bay.[110]

Monmouth County SPCA

The Monmouth County Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is an animal welfare organization in Eatontown providing animal sheltering and cruelty investigation services to Monmouth County, New Jersey. It was founded in 1945 to care for the community's homeless, neglected and abused animals. It is a private, not-for-profit s. 501(c)3 organization. In 1999, the organization made the decision to become a no-kill shelter. The organization remains open-admission for communities it serves, taking owner surrenders by appointment and also offers animals for adoption.[111][112] Its Humane Law Enforcement Division investigates more than 900 animal cruelty complaints every year, and accepts anonymous calls. The SPCA also provides dog obedience training, a spay/neutering clinic and pet bereavement counselling. [113][114]

Points of interest

• Monmouth Battlefield State Park
• Allaire State Park
• Keansburg Amusement Park & Runaway Rapids
• PNC Bank Arts Center
• Pier Village
• Asbury Park Boardwalk
• Gateway National Recreation Area (Sandy Hook)
• Holmdel Park
• Freehold Raceway Mall
• Monmouth Mall
• iPlay America
• Numerous beaches along the Jersey Shore

Wineries, breweries, and distilleries

• Basil T's Brewery
• Carton Brewing
• Cream Ridge Winery
• Four JG's Orchards & Vineyards
• Kane Brewing
• Laird & Company
• Peppadew Fresh Vineyards

See also

• USS Monmouth County (LST-1032)
• Monmouth County Historical Association
• Monmouth Conservation Foundation
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Monmouth County, New Jersey
• List of Monmouth County Freeholder directors

Footnotes

1. New Jersey County Map Archived March 13, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed July 10, 2017.
2. QuickFacts - Monmouth County, New Jersey; New Jersey; United States Archived April 29, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, United States Census Bureau. Accessed Marhch 24, 2018.
3. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2017 - 2017 Population Estimates Archived February 13, 2020, at Archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 24, 2018.
4. GCT-PEPANNCHG: Estimates of Resident Population Change and Rankings: July 1, 2016 to July 1, 2017 - State -- County / County Equivalent from the 2017 Population Estimates for New Jersey Archived February 13, 2020, at Archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 24, 2018.
5. DP1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data for Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 25, 2016.
6. DP-1 - Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000; Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 22, 2013.
7. NJ Labor Market Views Archived September 20, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, March 15, 2011. Accessed October 7, 2013.
8. New Jersey: 2010 - Population and Housing Unit Counts; 2010 Census of Population and Housing Archived July 23, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, p. 6, CPH-2-32. United States Census Bureau, August 2012. Accessed August 29, 2016.
9. Salter, Edwin (1890). History of Monmouth and Ocean Counties. p. 5. Archived from the original on March 24, 2016.
10. Freehold Township Archived March 28, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Monmouth County, New Jersey. Accessed July 12, 2012.
11. Hodges, Graham Russell. Slavery and Freedom in the Rural North: African Americans in Monmouth County, New Jersey, 1665–1865, p. 32. Madison, WI: Madison House, 1997. ISBN 9780945612513. Accessed October 7, 2013.
12. Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968 Archived June 5, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 177. Accessed October 1, 2013.
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Further reading

• Graham Russell Hodges, Slavery and Freedom in the Rural North: African Americans in Monmouth County, New Jersey, 1665-1865 Madison, WI: Madison House, 1997
• Charles A. Philhower, Indians of Monmouth County, New Jersey. (1924) Morristown, NJ: Digital Antiquaria, 2006.
• Edwin Salter, A History of Monmouth and Ocean Counties Embracing a Genealogical Record of Earliest Settlers of Monmouth and Ocean Counties and Their Descendants; The Indians: Their Language, Manners, and Customs; Important Historical Events: The Revolutionary War, Battle of Monmouth, The War of the Rebellion: Names of Officers and Men of Monmouth and Ocean Counties Engaged in It, etc., etc. Bayonne, NJ: E. Gardner and Son, 1890.
• Charles A. Philhower, Indians of Monmouth County, New Jersey. (1924) Morristown, NJ: Digital Antiquaria, 2006.

External links

• Monmouth County official website
• Monmouth County map, New Jersey