Stamford, Connecticut

Stamford (/ˈstæmfərd/) is a city in the U.S. state of Connecticut. It is the second-most populous city in Fairfield County with a population of 122,643 at the 2010 census,[5] and 129,638 in 2019. Stamford is the third-largest city by population in Connecticut (behind Bridgeport and New Haven). Approximately halfway between Manhattan and New Haven at approximately 38 miles (60 kilometers) from each,[6][7] Stamford is in the Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk-Danbury metropolitan statistical area which is a part of the New York City metropolitan area.

Not to be confused with Stratford, Connecticut; Stafford, Connecticut; or Stanford, California.

Stamford, Connecticut
City
Flag
Seal
Nickname(s): 
Innovating Since 1641, The City That Works, Lock City
Interactive map outlining Stamford, Connecticut
Stamford, Connecticut
Interactive map outlining Stamford, Connecticut
Stamford, Connecticut
Stamford, Connecticut (the United States)
Coordinates: 41°03′10″N 73°32′20″W
Country United States
U.S. state Connecticut
CountyFairfield
Metropolitan Statistical AreaNew York
Settled (town)1641
Incorporated (city)1893
Consolidated1949
Named forStamford, Lincolnshire
Government
 • TypeMayor-Board of representatives
 • MayorDavid Martin (D)
Area
 • City52.03 sq mi (134.75 km2)
 • Land37.62 sq mi (97.43 km2)
 • Water14.41 sq mi (37.33 km2)
 • Urban
465 sq mi (1,205 km2)
Elevation
23 ft (7 m)
Population
 • City122,643
 • Estimate 
(2019)[4]
129,638
 • Density3,446.26/sq mi (1,330.59/km2)
 • Metro
916,829
Demonym(s)Stamfordian, Stamfordite
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (Eastern)
ZIP code
069xx
Area code203/475
FIPS code09-73000
GNIS feature ID0211129
Major highways
Commuter Rail
Websitewww.stamfordct.gov

Stamford is home to nine Fortune 500 companies as of 2019,[8] as well as numerous divisions of large corporations.[9][10][11] This gives Stamford the largest financial district in the New York metropolitan region outside New York City itself and one of the largest concentrations of corporations in the United States. Dominant sectors of its economy include financial services, tourism, information technology, healthcare, telecommunications, transportation, and retail.[12] Its metropolitan division is home to colleges and universities including UConn Stamford and Norwalk Community College.

History
Main article: History of Stamford, Connecticut

Stamford was known as Rippowam by the Siwanoy Native American inhabitants to the region, and the very first European settlers to the area also referred to it as such. The present name is after the town of Stamford, Lincolnshire, England.[13] The deed to Stamford was signed on July 1, 1640, between Captain Turner of the New Haven Colony and Chief Ponus. By the 18th century, one of the primary industries of the town was merchandising by water, which was possible due to Stamford's proximity to New York.

In 1692, Stamford was home to a less famous witch trial than the well-known Salem witch trials, which also occurred in 1692. The accusations were less fanatical and on a smaller scale, but they also grew to prominence through gossip and hysterics.[14]

New Canaan officially separated from Stamford when it incorporated as a town in 1801, followed by Darien in 1820.

Starting in the late 19th century, New York residents built summer homes on the shoreline, and even back then there were some who moved to Stamford permanently and started commuting to Manhattan by train, although the practice became more popular later. Stamford incorporated as a city in 1893.

In 1950, the U.S. Census Bureau reported the city's population as 94.6% white and 5.2% black.[15]

In the 1960s and 1970s, Stamford's commercial real estate boomed as corporations relocated from New York City to peripheral areas.[16] A massive urban redevelopment campaign during that time resulted in a downtown with many tall office buildings. The F.D. Rich Company was the city-designated urban renewal developer of the downtown area in an ongoing redevelopment project that was contentious, beginning in the 1960s and continuing through the 1970s. The company put up what was the city's tallest structure, One Landmark Square, at 21 floors high, and the GTE building (now One Stamford Forum), along with the Marriott Hotel, the Stamford Town Center and many of the other downtown office buildings. One Landmark Square has since been dwarfed by the new 34-story Trump Parc Stamford condominium tower, and then again by the Atlantic Station development, another project by the Rich Company in partnership with Cappelli Enterprises.[17] Over the years, other developers have joined in building up the downtown, a process that continued, with breaks during downturns in the economy, through the 1980s and 1990s and into the new century.

Since 2008, an 80-acre mixed-use redevelopment project for the Stamford's Harbor Point neighborhood has added additional growth south of the city's downtown area. The redevelopment plan included 6,000,000 square feet (560,000 m2) of new residential, retail, office and hotel space, and a marina. In July 2012, roughly 900 of the projected 4,000 Harbor Point residential units had been constructed.[18] New restaurants and recreational activities have come up in the Harbor Point area, which is considered as New Stamford. From 2008 to 2017, the city issued permits for 4,341 housing units.[19][20]

During the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S., residents of New York fled to Stamford and its metropolitan area.[21][22]

Geography
Stamford at night from the west, with Norwalk, Fairfield and Bridgeport beyond. Long Island Sound is completely dark.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 52.09 square miles (134.9 km2). Approximately 37.62 square miles (97.4 km2) is land and 14.41 square miles (37.3 km2) is covered by water. Stamford is the largest city by area in the state.[23] The population density was 3,101.9 people per square mile (1,197.5/km2) in 2010. The city is halfway between Manhattan and New Haven at approximately 38 miles (60 kilometers) from each;[6][7] it is 79 miles from the state capital of Hartford.[24]

Stamford is situated near the southwestern point of Connecticut, on Long Island Sound; it is part of the Gold Coast. Stamford is composed of approximately 45 distinct neighborhoods and villages, and two historic districts,[25] including Cove, East Side, Downtown, North Stamford, Glenbrook, West Side, Turn Of River, Waterside, Springdale, Belltown, Ridgeway, Newfield, South End, Westover, Shippan, Roxbury, and Palmers Hill.

North of the Merritt Parkway is considered the North Stamford section of the city, encompassing its largest land mass though it is the least densely populated. North Stamford functionally and legally acts as one municipality with the city of Stamford. Stamford borders Pound Ridge, New York to the north, the Long Island Sound to the south, Greenwich, Connecticut to the west, Darien to the east, and New Canaan to the northeast.

The city has islands in Long Island Sound: Cove Island, Grass Island, Greenway Island, Jack Island, and Cuties Island (also known as Vincent Island). Cove Island is a prominent beach and recreation area. It lies approximately 9 miles from Norwalk.

Climate
Harbor Point Marina in Stamford during summer

Under the Köppen climate classification, Stamford has a temperate climate (Cfa), with long, hot summers, and cool to cold winters, with precipitation spread fairly evenly throughout the year. Stamford, like the rest of coastal Connecticut, lies in the broad transition zone between the colder continental climates of the northern United States and southern Canada to the north, and the warmer temperate and subtropical climates of the middle and south Atlantic states to the south.

The warm/hot season in Stamford is from mid-April through early November. Late day thundershowers are common in the hottest months (June, July, August, September), despite the mostly sunny skies. The cool/cold season is from late November though mid March. Winter weather is far more variable than summer weather along the Connecticut coast, ranging from sunny days with higher temperatures to cold and blustery conditions with occasional snow. Like much of the Connecticut coast and nearby Long Island, NY, some of the winter precipitation is rain or a mix and rain and wet snow in Stamford. Stamford averages about 30 inches (75 cm) of snow annually, compared to inland areas like Hartford and Albany which average 45–60 inches (110–150 cm) of snow annually.

Although infrequent, tropical cyclones (hurricanes/tropical storms) have struck Connecticut and the Stamford metropolitan area. Hurricane landfalls have occurred along the Connecticut coast in 1903, 1938, 1944, 1954 (Carol), 1960 (Donna), Hurricane Gloria in 1985, and Hurricane Sandy in 2012.

Stamford lies in USDA garden zone 7a. Stamford averages about 90 days annually with freeze. Coastal Connecticut is the broad transition zone where so-called "subtropical indicator" plants and other broadleaf evergreens can successfully be cultivated. As such, Southern Magnolias, Needle Palms, Windmill palm, Loblolly Pines, and Crape Myrtles are grown in private and public gardens. Like much of coastal Connecticut, Long Island, NY, and coastal New Jersey, the growing season is rather long in Stamford—averaging 210 days from April 8 to November 5 according to the National Weather Service in Bridgeport.

Climate data for Stamford, Connecticut
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 69
(21)		 74
(23)		 85
(29)		 96
(36)		 97
(36)		 97
(36)		 102
(39)		 104
(40)		 97
(36)		 86
(30)		 82
(28)		 76
(24)		 104
(40)
Average high °F (°C) 38.2
(3.4)		 42.3
(5.7)		 50.6
(10.3)		 63.2
(17.3)		 73.2
(22.9)		 81.2
(27.3)		 85.6
(29.8)		 83.7
(28.7)		 76.4
(24.7)		 65.2
(18.4)		 54.4
(12.4)		 43.0
(6.1)		 63.1
(17.3)
Average low °F (°C) 20.0
(−6.7)		 22.2
(−5.4)		 29.2
(−1.6)		 38.8
(3.8)		 48.1
(8.9)		 57.1
(13.9)		 62.3
(16.8)		 61.1
(16.2)		 53.9
(12.2)		 42.4
(5.8)		 34.1
(1.2)		 25.3
(−3.7)		 41.2
(5.1)
Record low °F (°C) −18
(−28)		 −14
(−26)		 −6
(−21)		 16
(−9)		 28
(−2)		 35
(2)		 43
(6)		 37
(3)		 28
(−2)		 16
(−9)		 7
(−14)		 −13
(−25)		 −18
(−28)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.50
(114)		 3.32
(84)		 4.70
(119)		 4.51
(115)		 4.97
(126)		 4.33
(110)		 4.09
(104)		 4.26
(108)		 4.82
(122)		 4.42
(112)		 4.58
(116)		 4.29
(109)		 52.79
(1,341)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 9.3
(24)		 8.3
(21)		 4.9
(12)		 .8
(2.0)		 trace 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 .7
(1.8)		 4.6
(12)		 28.6
(73)
Average precipitation days 10.5 9.7 10.9 12.5 12.5 11.7 10.2 9.7 9.8 9.2 10.6 11.3 128.6
Average snowy days 4.8 4.3 2.5 .4 0 0 0 0 0 0 .4 2.7 15.1
Source 1: NCDC[26]
Source 2: Weather Channel[27]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18802,540—
189010,396309.3%
190015,99753.9%
191025,13857.1%
192035,09639.6%
193046,34632.1%
194047,9383.4%
195074,29355.0%
196092,71324.8%
1970108,79817.3%
1980102,466−5.8%
1990108,0565.5%
2000117,0838.4%
2010122,6434.7%
2019 (est.)129,638[4]5.7%
U.S. Decennial Census
2018 Estimate[28]

At the American Community Survey's 2019 estimates, the city had a population of 129,638. The racial makeup of the city was 51.1% non-Hispanic white, 10.1% Black or African American, 0.3% American Indian or Alaska Native, 9.2% Asian American, 10.4% from some other race, 3.5% from two or more races, and 26.5% Hispanic or Latino (of any race).[29] Of the Hispanic or Latin American population, Puerto Ricans form the largest group (4.8%) followed by Mexicans, Cubans, and other Hispanics or Latinos. The median age was 37.2 in 2018, lower than the national average of 37.9.[30]

There were 54,513 housing units at the 2018 estimates and 50,847 households. The average household size was 2.53 and there were approximately 31,347 families living in the city.[31] The owner-occupied housing rate was 46.6% and the renter-occupied housing rate was 53.4%. Stamford's median household income from 2014 to 2018 was $83,309 and the per capita income was $55,059. About 9.3% of the population was at or below the poverty line.

In 2010, its population was 122,643. At the U.S. Census Bureau's mid-year 2010 estimates, it grew to 122,902.[32] Roughly 49.8% of the population was non-Hispanic white, 12.9% Black or African American, 0.2% American Indian or Alaska Native, 6.8% Asian, 1.6% from two or more races, and 28.3% Hispanic or Latino. The American Community Survey determined there were 46,396 households. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.15.[33] The owner-occupied housing rate was 56.5% and the renter-occupied rate was 43.5%.

The 2000 census determined Stamford had a population of 117,083. The proportion of the population under the age of 18 was 21.6%, age 18 to 24 was 7.8%, age 25 to 44 was 32.5%, age 45 to 64 was 25.0%, and 65 years of age or older was 13.1%. The median age of 37.1 was slightly lower than the U.S. median age of 37.2. Composition of the population based on sex was 50.7 females to 49.3 males.

According to Sperling's BestPlaces, 64.0% of the city's inhabitants are religious or religiously affiliated.[34] The largest religious group in the city are Christians, followed by Judaism, Islam, and eastern religions including Hinduism and Buddhism. The largest Christian denomination in the city is the Roman Catholic Church, served by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bridgeport.

Crime

According to FBI statistics in 2014, Stamford is the 16th safest of the 269 cities in the nation and well ahead of any in Connecticut with a population greater than 100,000 that report crime statistics to the FBI.[35] In 2015, Stamford had three murders, 19 rapes, and 92 robberies.[36] Crime in Stamford is much more controlled in comparison to cities with similar population size in Connecticut and nationally. Lower crime rates in Stamford are attributed to the city's robust economic growth in recent decades.Criminal cases are prosecuted by the State's Attorney's Office and Stamford is home to a State Superior Court which is located on 123 Hoyt Street adjacent to the Stamford Police Headquarters.

Economy
NBC Sports Group world headquarters at 1 Blachley Road
Main article: Economy of Stamford, Connecticut

Stamford's cluster of corporate headquarters includes a number of Fortune 500, Fortune 1000, and Forbes Global 2000 companies. In 2017, Stamford had four Fortune 500, nine Fortune 1000, three Forbes Global 2000,[37] and one Fortune Global 500 company.[11]

Among the larger companies with headquarters in Stamford are Charter Communications, Synchrony Financial, Indeed.com, United Rentals, Conair, Gartner, Henkel North American Consumer Goods, WWE, XFL, Pitney Bowes, Gen Re, NBC Sports Group, Nestle Waters North America, Crane Co. and Vineyard Vines.[38] UBS's Stamford trading floor holds the Guinness World Record as the largest column-less trading floor in the world. The Royal Bank of Scotland moved its North American operations into Stamford in 2009, including its RBS Greenwich Capital subsidiary.[39]

The Harbor Point development, located in the South End, is one of the largest private-sector development projects in the United States.[40] Many large retail stores, such as Design within Reach (which is also headquartered in Stamford) and Fairway Market have moved in, along with multiple companies including ITV America, McKinsey & Company, Bridgewater Associates, and Kayak.com.

Arts and culture
Main article: Arts and culture in Stamford, Connecticut

Science and nature
  • The Stamford Museum and Nature Center on a 118-acre (0.48 km2) site in the northern end of town, has a collection of works by Gutzon Borglum, the sculptor of Mount Rushmore, who was a Stamford resident for a decade.
  • The Fairfield County Astronomical Society was started up in 1954 runs the Stamford Observatory, which has a 22-inch (560 mm) telescope.
  • Bartlett Arboretum and Gardens is a 91-acre (370,000 m2) botanical gardens and science education center boasting over 850 specimen trees and plants from around the world. It is also home to several Champion Trees; the largest of their species within Connecticut.
  • SoundWaters Community Center for Environmental Education is located in Cove Island Park.

Theater, film, and video
Avon Theatre, in 2013
  • Curtain Call Inc. presents plays and other entertainment at the Sterling Farms Theatre Complex, 1349 Newfield Avenue.
  • Stamford Center for the Arts: The Palace Theatre, originally opened as a vaudeville house in 1927, reopened as a nonprofit theater in 1983. It was joined in 1992 by the Rich Forum, another downtown venue. Both have been run by the Stamford Center for the Arts.
  • Latham Park
  • The Rich Forum is occupied by NBCUniversal as a television studio where various television shows are taped and produced including Jerry Springer, Maury, and The Steve Wilkos Show, The Trisha Goddard Show, and Crazy Talk.[41]
  • Bow Tie Cinemas has two first-run movie houses in Stamford with a total of 15 movie screens: Landmark 9 and Majestic 6. The Avon Theatre Film Center, a two-screen nonprofit movie house focusing on first-run independent movies, is located on Bedford Street. The Ferguson Library also shows movies.

Movies shot in Stamford
Main article: List of films shot in Stamford, Connecticut

Music
  • Stamford Symphony Orchestra In a typical season, the SSO gives five pairs of classical concerts and three pops concerts at the 1,586-seat Palace Theatre, as well as a concert for elementary school students and a family concert series.
  • Connecticut Grand Opera, a not-for-profit, professional opera company performs at the Palace Theatre. On its web site, the CGO claims to offer "the most ambitious opera season of any company between New York and Boston".
  • Alive @ Five is an annual summer concert located in Columbus park typically lasting six weeks.
  • Treetops CMS, a non-profit chamber music organization, is located in Westover, providing six chamber music concerts annually, as well as art exhibits and installations.
Gothic revival exterior of St. Mary's Church on Elm Street

Fine art
  • UCONN Stamford Art Gallery showcases both emerging and established artists.
  • Franklin Street Works maintains an art space in the downtown area.
  • Fernando Luis Alvarez Gallery is a contemporary art gallery in Connecticut with diverse international exhibitions.
  • Stamford Loft Artists Association provides support for visual artists and opportunities to exhibit their work.

Libraries

Stamford's public library, the Ferguson Library, is one of the largest in Connecticut. The library also shows movies and has a used book store run by Friends of Ferguson Library.

The library has branches in South End, Springdale, and the Turn of River sections of the city, it also has a bookmobile that runs daily to different neighborhoods. The Turn of River branch, officially called the Harry Bennett Branch, is the largest library branch in the state. That branch also has a used book store run by Friends of Ferguson Library.

Parks and recreation
Stamford boasts miles of accessible shoreline for recreation as well as two public beaches.
  • Mill River Park is located in the center of downtown but its ancient grist mill (present when George Washington traveled through Stamford) was modernized in the 1920s. There are numerous community activities offered at the park coordinated by the Mill River Park Collaborative.
  • Cummings Park, a public beach, was once a popular spot for shell fishing. The park was developed in 1906 and had been known as Halloween Park because Mayor Homer Cummings cast the deciding vote to create it on Halloween Night.[42]
  • The 83-acre (340,000 m2) Cove Island Park, once a farm and then an enormous factory site (Stamford Manufacturing Company), offers visitors a choice of beaches as well as picnic grounds and bluffs. It has a small wildlife sanctuary in the southwest corner that might be interesting for bird watchers. SoundWaters Community Center for Environmental Education is located at the northeast part of the park.
  • Jackie Robinson Park on the West Side is named after baseball legend Jackie Robinson, who lived in Stamford.
  • Terry Connors Ice Rink[43] shares a parking lot with Cove Island Park. It offers public ice skating, group lessons, and ice hockey. It is the home of the Stamford Youth Hockey Association.[44]
  • Scalzi Park on Bridge Street has a playground, baseball and softball fields, volleyball courts, tennis courts, bocce courts, basketball courts, roller hockey courts, and a baseball stadium named "Cubeta Stadium". A concrete skate park was opened at Scalzi in July 2007 for $309,850 which was designed and built by Grindline Skateparks Inc. of Seattle, Washington.[45]
  • Stamford has two municipal golf courses. Sterling Farms Golf Course[46] opened in May 1972 and is the more popular.[47] The facility also has a driving range, restaurant, and six tennis courts.
  • The E. Gaynor Brennan Golf Course,[48] referred to locally as Hubbard Heights, opened for play in 1922 as a private course and was purchased by the city in 1949.
  • Dorothy Heroy Park is located in North Stamford.
  • Mianus River Park is 187 acres of nature reserve in Stamford, owned by the city.
  • The Italian Center[49] features tennis courts, swimming pools, fitness centers, a playground and a miniature golf course.
  • The YMCA[50] of Stamford offers swimming lessons and sports which include; basketball and indoor soccer. Programs are also available periodically for physical fitness.
  • The Stamford Yacht Club[51] is a private organization that provides members with access to boating activities and additional amenities.

Politics and government
Voter registration and party enrollment as of October 27, 2020.[52]
Party Active voters Inactive voters Total voters Percentage
Republican 13,638 1,022 14,660 18.34%
Democratic 31,177 2,318 33,495 41.90%
Unaffiliated 27,499 2,553 30,052 37.59%
Minor parties 1,589 152 1,741 2.18%
Total 73,903 6,045 79,948 100%
Stamford city vote
by party in presidential elections[53]
Year Democratic Republican Third Parties
2016 65.35% 34,148 31.04% 16,222 3.61% 1,888
2012 62.33% 29,623 36.76% 17,473 0.91% 433
2008 64.06% 31,733 35.35% 17,510 0.59% 291
2004 58.60% 27,588 40.07% 18,866 1.33% 624
2000 62.03% 27,430 34.28% 15,159 3.69% 1,634
1996 57.93% 25,005 34.05% 14,696 8.03% 3,464
1992 46.44% 23,185 39.68% 19,809 13.88% 6,932
1988 44.97% 20,773 53.85% 24,877 1.19% 548
1984 39.78% 19,432 59.70% 29,167 0.52% 256
1980 38.35% 17,633 50.56% 23,250 11.09% 5,099
1976 44.55% 20,666 54.80% 25,422 0.65% 302
1972 37.97% 18,299 60.74% 29,268 1.29% 622
1968 45.97% 20,926 48.74% 22,186 5.28% 2,405
1964 64.50% 29,078 35.50% 16,004 0.00% 0
1960 49.86% 21,448 50.14% 21,572 0.00% 0
1956 34.30% 13,977 65.70% 26,767 0.00% 0

Stamford is predominantly Democratic but not nearly as heavily Democratic as Connecticut's more urban cities like neighboring Bridgeport and New Haven. In 2008, Democrat Barack Obama received 64.06% of the city vote, winning over Republican John McCain with 35.35%.[54]

Democrat David Martin is the incumbent Mayor of Stamford. Notable Republicans from the city include former U.S. Representative Chris Shays, former Lieutenant Governor Michael Fedele, and former mayor Michael Pavia. Prominent Democrats from Stamford include current Attorney General William Tong, former two-term Governor Dannel Malloy, former Attorney General and incumbent senior U.S. Senator Richard Blumenthal, former Attorney General George Jepsen, former U.S. Attorney General and former mayor Homer Stille Cummings, Connecticut Supreme Court Justice Andrew J. McDonald, and Chief Justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court Richard A. Robinson. Other notable politicians with Stamford roots include Carrie Clyde Holly, the first woman (along with two colleagues) elected to serve in a State Legislature (Colorado, from Pueblo County in the 1894 election) in United States History, Joe Lieberman, former Attorney General of Connecticut and Independent/Democratic U.S. Senator who was also Al Gore's vice presidential nominee in the 2000 presidential election; William F. Buckley, Jr., conservative commentator; and French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau.

In 2016, the city of Stamford was rated as having the LGBT-friendliest policies out of nine Connecticut municipalities assessed by the Human Rights Campaign.[55][56]

Education
Main article: Education in Stamford, Connecticut

Stamford has branches of the University of Connecticut, University of Bridgeport and Sacred Heart University. The University of Connecticut's campus is located in a large modern building downtown which opened in 1998 after extensive renovations to an abandoned former Bloomingdale's store that had closed in 1990.[57] The University of Bridgeport has an branch at the River Bend Executive Center, and Sacred Heart University has an branch at Landmark Square. In 2017, UCONN Stamford opened a 300 student dormitory hall around the corner from the Stamford Campus on Washington Blvd.[58]

As no study has been conducted to assess the cost of education in Stamford, it is difficult to tell whether or not Stamford has a well-funded public education system. Although providing a public education is a state responsibility, Connecticut ranks near the bottom in state share of public education expenditures. Thus, the majority of education funding must come from local governments like that of Stamford. According to the State Department of Education, in the 2004–05 academic year, 42.7% of Stamford's public school students were economically disadvantaged, 34.8% did not have English as a home language and 11.6% were students with disabilities. Research has shown that these populations need additional resources to meet state academic standards. Owing to the state school finance system, the burden of these extra necessary costs of education falls primarily on Stamford's local government. The public school system is an integrated district with racial balance requirements exceeding those of the state of Connecticut. State standards require that a school's racial makeup be within 25% of the community's racial makeup. Stamford's standard is a more strict 10%. Over the years, schools have become unbalanced.

Stamford has three public high schools: Westhill High School, Stamford High School, and the Academy of Information Technology and Engineering. The city also has several private schools, including Villa Maria School, and Bi-Cultural Jewish Day School, King Low Heywood Thomas, and The Long Ridge School.

Stamford has one of the most highly educated populations in the U.S.—nine out of ten are high school graduates, and those possessing a bachelor's degree or higher is estimated at 43.6% of the population. Stamford is tied with Iowa City, Iowa for the U.S. metropolitan area with the highest percentage of the adult population holding a bachelor's degree or higher; 44 percent of adults hold a degree.[59]

Media
  • Stamford Magazine, published by Moffly Media
  • Stamford Advocate, daily newspaper
  • The Stamford Times, weekly newspaper, owned by The Hour Newspapers.
  • Stamford Plus magazine is published by Canaiden LLC.
  • El Sol News, weekly Spanish-language newspaper.
  • La Voz, weekly Spanish-language newspaper.

Radio stations in the city
  • WEDW-FM 88.5; 2,000 watts, a National Public Radio station
  • WSTC-AM 1400; 1,000 watts; shares programming with WNLK-AM 1350
  • WEBE 108 -107.9 1400; 50,000 WATS

Emergency services

Stamford Emergency Medical Services

A not-for-profit agency, Stamford Emergency Medical Services (SEMS) provides pre-hospital emergency care in Stamford, Connecticut. SEMS also provides contracted paramedic intercept response to Darien Emergency Medical Services, located in Darien, Connecticut. SEMS is the only Connecticut EMS service accredited by the Commission on the Accreditation of Ambulance Services (CAAS). All SEMS units are staffed by at least one Connecticut-licensed paramedic.[70] Stamford EMS responds to 14,000 calls annually.

In Stamford, medical facilities include:

  • Stamford Hospital, Level II Trauma Center
  • Tully Health Center
  • Franklin Street Community Health Center

Fire department

Fire protection in the city of Stamford is provided by the paid Stamford Fire Department (SFD) and four all-volunteer fire departments—Glenbrook-New Hope, Belltown, Springdale, and Turn of River—plus a combination company (paid and volunteer members), Long Ridge.

Budgeting and districting of the various fire departments throughout the city had been unstable since 2007, due to an extended legal conflict between the volunteer departments and the Malloy administration.[71] As of May 16, 2012, a decision was reached by the city's charter revision committee to combine the paid and volunteer fire departments into one combination fire department, known as the Stamford Fire Department.[72]

Police department

The Stamford Police Department (SPD) is Stamford's only police force, and has lost four officers in the line of service since 1938. The police force has about 280 sworn police officers making it the fifth largest police force in Connecticut after Hartford, New Haven, Bridgeport, and Waterbury.[73] Most Stamford Officers were trained at the Connecticut Police Training Academy before patrolling in the city. Aside from Police Headquarters, located at 725 Bedford St., opened in 2019, in Downtown Stamford, SPD also operates substations in Stamford's West Side at Wilson St. and W. Main St., and at 1137 High Ridge Rd and Hope Street. The current Chief of Police is Tim Shaw since April 9, 2020 who was a police officer in Stamford before leaving to[74] Easton, Connecticut and coming back to Stamford to become police chief.[75][76][77]

Transportation

Mass transit
Manhattan-bound Metro-North Train leaving the Stamford Transportation Center
Stamford, CT Marriott Hotel from train tracks in Stamford, CT

Stamford is located on the New Haven Line on the Metro-North Railroad, the commuter rail system for northern metropolitan New York City. Stamford is second the busiest station on the Metro-North system, after only Grand Central Terminal, and serves as a major transfer point for local trains.[78] Stamford Station is also the terminus of a Metro-North branch that ends in New Canaan, 8 mi (13 km) away, known as the New Canaan Branch, and a part-time terminal of Shore Line East trains. Two smaller train stations in Stamford are Glenbrook and Springdale, both a part of the New Canaan branch.

Commuter trains come into Stamford from all points between New London to the east and New York (Grand Central Terminal) to the south. The average non-stop commute is forty-seven minutes. Trains operate from the Stamford station between 4:43 a.m. (first departure to Grand Central) until 12:55 a.m. (last departure to Grand Central).

Stamford also serves as a station along the Amtrak route. Acela, the high speed train service between Boston and Washington, makes several daily stops in Stamford. Amtrak's Northeast Regional (Springfield, Massachusetts to Washington, D.C.) and Vermonter (Saint Albans, Vermont to Washington, D.C.) also make daily stops in Stamford. Amtrak tickets can be purchased on the upper level of the Stamford station.

Airports

Stamford is within reasonable distance of nine airports: two general aviation, two regional, five international.

General aviation airportsDistance from Downtown/Location
Danbury Municipal Airport21 miles north in Danbury, CT
Sikorsky Memorial Airport22 miles east in Stratford, CT
Regional airportsDistance form Downtown/Location
Westchester County Airport8 miles west in Westchester County, NY
Tweed New Haven Airport37 miles east in East Haven, CT
International AirportsDistance from Downtown/Location
LaGuardia Airport26 miles southwest in Queens, NY
John F. Kennedy International Airport31 miles southwest in Queens, NY
Newark Liberty International Airport41 miles southwest in Newark, NJ
Stewart International Airport43 miles northwest in Newburgh, NY
Bradley International Airport75 miles northeast in Windsor Locks, CT

Buses

City bus transportation is provided by CT Transit, which is run and financed by the Connecticut Department of Transportation. The main terminal is adjacent to the train station on State Street, under the I-95 highway. Bus service runs along major arterial roads through the towns of Darien, Norwalk, Greenwich and Port Chester, New York. A non-stop direct route is also offered to White Plains, New York. Commuters can connect in Norwalk to points as far east as Milford and as far north as Danbury. Additional connections can be made in Port Chester and White Plains to all points covered by the Bee-Line bus system in Westchester County.

Greyhound provides inter-city bus service from the lower level of the Stamford train station. Bus service is provided to New Haven (Union Station), Boston (South Station), and New York (Port Authority).

Highways

Two limited-access highways run through the city. Interstate 95 serves as the main route through downtown Stamford with four exits (6–9). The Merritt Parkway runs through the northern part of the city. This road is designated for passenger vehicles only. Any congestion on the Merritt Parkway is mostly likely to occur on the southbound lane in the morning and the northbound in the evening (route to and from New York). At night, due to the absence of lighting, visibility on the Merritt Parkway is relatively poor. Stamford exits on the Merritt Parkway are 33–35, and exit 36 is just over the border in New Canaan.

Stamford is also served by four other state highways. Route 1, also known as Main Street in Stamford, is also used as a major artery during the morning and evening commute. Most traffic via Route 1 is short distance or fairly local, yet vehicles have utilized Route 1 during times of heavy congestion on I-95 as a re-route. Route 137 (Washington Boulevard and High Ridge Road) is the main north–south road of the city and runs from the Stamford Transportation Center and serves the Turn of River, North Stamford, and High Ridge sections of the city. Route 104 (Long Ridge Road) branches off from Route 137 to serve the Long Ridge section. Route 106 (Courtland Avenue) serves the Glenbrook neighborhood and continues towards the town of Darien.

Notable people
Main article: List of people from Stamford, Connecticut

Noteworthy past and present residents include:

Sister cities

See also

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Further reading
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