Plants of the Reserva de la Biosfera Manantlan

This is a list of plants found in the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve. The reserve straddles the Mexican states of Colima and Jalisco. It is located in the transition between the Nearctic and Neotropical realms and encompasses parts of the Sierra Madre del Sur, with a wide range of altitudes, climates and soils. The effects of tectonic and volcanic activities and erosion are notable within the reserve.

Ecological characteristics

Forest types in the reserve including mesophytic, cloud, dry deciduous and semi-deciduous tropical forests. Anthropologists know the region as Zona de Occidente, an area notably different to the rest of Mesoamerica. Some ceramic remnants, figurines and graves have been found, but there is little other material evidence of ancient human settlement. As of 1995 almost 8,000 people lived in the Sierra de Manantlán Reserve, engaged mainly in agriculture (corn, beans, tomatoes, sugar cane, watermelon, mangoes), livestock grazing, timber production, and extraction of wood for fuel and mining of coal or minerals. Another 30,000 lived in the surrounding communities and almost 700,000 in the surrounding region.[1]

The Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve is located to the extreme north of the inter-tropical zone. The climate in the region is influenced by its proximity to the coast, the effect of its landform (orographic shade) and the breadth of its altitudinal range. These characteristics explain the high biodiversity and the presence of numerous plant formations ranging from tropical forests to temperate-cold climates.

The Sierra de Manantlán's varied and complex plant cover harbours a great wealth of flora. There are over 2900 species of vascular plants belonging to 981 genera. Wildlife is one of the important components of the high biodiversity in this reserve. Among the main values of the Sierra de Manantlán, in addition to its great wealth of species and its unique biogeographical characteristics, particular mention should be made of the presence of endangered or useful endemic species. So far 110 mammal species have been reported, including the Mexican vole subspecies Microtus mexicanus neveriae, the pocket gopher Cratogeomys gymnurus russelli, the oncilla, jaguarandi, ocelot, puma, bobcat, jaguar and four species of nectarivorous bats.

There are 336 bird species which have been reported, among them are 36 which are endemic to Mexico, such as the charismatic species: crested guan (Penelope purpurascens), military macaw (Ara militaris), red-lored amazon (Amazona autumnalis) and the Mexican national symbol, the golden eagle. In terms of herpetofauna, 85 species have been recorded; of these 13 are endemic to the western and central region of Mexico: rattlesnake, black iguana, frog Shyrrhopus modestus, beaded lizard (Heloderma horridum) and the Autlan rattlesnake (Crotalus lannomi), an endemic species only reported for the area of Puerto de Los Mazos. Of the 16 species of fish identified, 13 are native and four are endemic to the region.

Most plants in the list below can be found in Flora de Manantlán,[2] and that should be assumed as a reference when no other is indicated. References to other sources are included where found. The herbarium web pages at the National Autonomous University of Mexico[3] and at the Missouri Botanical Garden[4] are used as authorities for names with adjustments for the system in use by Wikipedia. Species include ecosystem, growth habit, and common names where available.

Cycads

Zamiaceae

Zamia loddigesii:[2] a shrub or Spanish: arbusto

Coniferae

Pines and their allies.

Cupressus

Cupressus lusitanica:[2][5][6] a tree or árbol – found in pine forest and pine-fir forest – called Mexican white cedar, cedar-of-Goa, cypress, in Spanish cipres, cedro, cedro blanco

Abies

Abies guatemalensis:[2][5][7][8] tree
Abies religiosa:[2][5][6][7][9] tree – cloud forest, pine-fir forest – sacred fir, oyamel, pinabete

Pinus

Pinus devoniana:[2][5] tree
Pinus douglasiana:[2][5][6][8][9][10] tree – cloud forest, pine-oak forest, pine forest – pino
Pinus durangensis:[2][5] tree
Pinus herrerae:[2][5][6][8] tree – pine-oak forest, pine forest – pino chino
Pinus leiophylla:[2][5][9] tree
Pinus maximinoi:[2][5][8] tree – ocote
Pinus montezumae:[2][5] tree
Pinus oocarpa:[2][5][6][8] tree – pine-oak forest, pine forest
Pinus pseudostrobus:[2][5][9] tree – pine forest, pine-fir forest – pino ocote, chamite, pachingo

Podocarpus

Podocarpus reichei:[2] tree

Monocotyledons or Liliopsida

Cyperus

Cyperus hermaphroditus[6]

Festuca

Festuca breviglumis[6]

Agave

Agave maximiliana[5]

Otatea

Otatea acuminata[5][7] – otatillo rodillon
Otatea aztecorum[5]

Piptochaetium

Piptochaetium virescens[6]

Zea

Zea diploperennis[5] – milpilla

Smilax

Smilax domingensis[6]

Typha

Typha domingensis[5]

Magnoliopsida or Dicotyledons

Flowering plants

Aphelandra

Aphelandra lineariloba:[2] shrub
Aphelandra madrensis:[2] shrub

Barleria

Barleria micans:[2] shrub

Dicliptera

Dicliptera resupinata: herb

Dyschoriste

Dyschoriste hirsutissima: herb – herbabuenilla, hierbabuenita
Dyschoriste saltuensis: herb
Dyschoriste rubiginosa or D. angustifolia: herb

Elytraria

Elytraria imbricata: herb

Henrya

Henrya insularis: herb
Henrya tuberculosperma: herb

Justicia or Jacobinia

Jacobinia mexicana: herb
Justicia aurea: herb
Justicia candicans: herb
Justicia reflexiflora: herb
Justicia salviiflora: herb
Justicia spicigera: herb

Pseuderanthemum

Pseuderanthemum praecox: herb
Pseuderanthemum standleyi: herb

Ruellia

Ruellia bourgaei: shrub
Ruellia jaliscana: shrub
Ruellia mcvaughii: shrub
Ruellia novogaliciana: shrub
Ruellia spissa: herb
Ruellia stemonacanthoides: herb

Tetramerium

Tetramerium glandulosum: herb
Tetramerium nervosum: herb
Tetramerium tenuissimum: herb

Ruellia or Blechum

Blechum brownei:[2] herb

Saurauia

Saurauia serrata:[5] tree – mamey

Mollugo

Mollugo verticillata

Trianthema

Trianthema portulacastrum: herb

Achyranthes

Achyranthes aspera: herb – hierba de sapo

Alternanthera

Alternanthera achyrantha: herb

Amaranthus

Amaranthus cruentus: herb
Amaranthus dubius: herb – quielite, plante de puerco, quielite blanco
Amaranthus hybridus: herb – quielite
Amaranthus palmeri: herb – quielite
Amaranthus polygonoides: herb
Amaranthus spinosus: herb – quelite espinoso

Celosia

Celosia orcutti: herb

Chamissoa

Chamissoa altissima: herb – hierba del arlomo

Froelichia

Froelichia interrupta: herb

Gomphrena

Gomphrena decumbens: herb

Iresine

Iresine angustifolia: herb – hierba del arlomo
Iresine calea: herb
Iresine cassiniiformis: herb
Iresine diffusa: herb – hierba del arlomo
Iresine hartmanii: herb
Iresine interrupta: herb – hierba del arlomo
Iresine nigra: herb – hierba del arlomo

Lagrezia

Lagrezia monosperma: herb

Pleuropetalum

Pleuropetalum sprucei: herb

Amphipterygium

Amphipterygium adstringens[5]

Astronium

Astronium graveolenss

Cyrtocarpa

Cyrtocarpa procera

Pistacia

Pistacia mexicana: tree – pistache

Pseudosmodingium

Pseudosmodingium perniciosum

Rhus

Rhus pachyrrhachis
Rhus schmidelioides
Rhus terebinthifolia

Spondias

Spondias purpurea: tree – ciruela cimmarona, jocote

Toxicodendron

Toxicodendron radicans: vine – yedra
Toxicodendron radicans var. divaricatum: vine – yedra

Eryngium

Eryngium palmeri[5]

Annona

Annona cherimola: tree – cherimoya
Annona longifolia: tree – anona
Annona muricata: tree – guanábana, soursop
Annona purpurea:[5] tree – cabezo, cabeza de negro, soncoya, sincuya
Annona reticulata: tree – anona, anonilla, hilama
Annona squamosa: tree – sugar apple

Asclepias

Asclepias angustifolia: herb
Asclepias auriculata: herb
Asclepias contrayerba: herb
Asclepias crocea: herb
Asclepias curassavica: herb – caldrona, chichi de burra, diente de perro
Asclepias glaucescens: herb
Asclepias mcvaughii: herb
Asclepias ovata: herb – chichis de burra
Asclepias pellucida: herb
Asclepias pringlei: herb
Asclepias sp. nov.: herb

Blepharodon

Blepharodon mucronatum: vine

Cryptostegia

Cryptostegia grandiflora: vine – rubber vine, jasmin

Cynanchum

Cynanchum foetidum: vine
Cynanchum jaliscanum: vine
Cynanchum ligulatum: vine
Cynanchum unifarium: vine
Cynanchum sp. nov.: vine

Gonolobus

Gonolobus chloranthus: vine
Gonolobus jaliscensis: vine
Gonolobus macranthus: vine
Gonolobus sp. nov. 1: vine
Gonolobus sp. nov. 2: vine

Marsdenia

Marsdenia astephanoides: vine
Marsdenia lanata: vine
Marsdenia mexicana: vine

Matelea

Matelea aspera: vine
Matelea balbisii: vine
Matelea chrysantha: vine
Matelea crenata: vine
Matelea cyclophylla: vine
Matelea dictyantha: vine
Matelea pavonii: vine
Matelea quirosii: vine
Matelea sp.: vine
Matelea sp. nov.: vine

Mellichampia

Mellichampia sp.: vine

Metastelma

Metastelma sp.: vine

Sarcostemma

Sarcostemma bilobum: vine
Sarcostemma clausum: vine
Sarcostemma elegans: vine
Sarcostemma heterophyllum: vine
Sarcostemma pannosum: vine

Alstonia

Alstonia longifolia: tree

Haplophyton

Haplophyton cinereum: herb

Laubertia

Laubertia contorta

Mandevilla

Mandevilla andrieuxii: vine
Mandevilla foliosa: vine
Mandevilla subsagittata: vine
Mandevilla syrinx: vine

Plumeria

Plumeria obtusa: shrub – cacalote, fragipani
Plumeria rubra: shrub – fragipani, mata de jardin

Prestonia

Prestonia mexicana: shrub

Rauvolfia

Rauvolfia canescens:
Rauvolfia tetraphylla: shrub

Stemmadenia

Stemmadenia donnell-smithii: shrub – San Antonio
Stemmadenia tomentosa: shrub – cabrito, rosa amarilla, San Antonio

Tabernaemontana

Tabernaemontana alba: shrub

Thenardia

Thenardia floribunda: tree

Thevetia

Thevetia ovata: shrub

Vallesia

Vallesia sp. nov.

Vinca

Vinca major: perennial groundcover – quebra plato

Ilex

Ilex brandegeana:[5][6] cloud forest
Ilex tolucana: ivy[5][9]

Aralia

Aralia humilis: tree – guardalagua

Dendropanax

Dendropanax arboreus:[5][6][9] cloud forest

Oreopanax

Oreopanax echinops: tree – mano de leon
Oreopanax peltatus: tree
Oreopanax santanderianus: tree
Oreopanax xalapensis:[5][6][9] tree – cloud forest

Aristolochia

Aristolochia buntingii: vine
Aristolochia foetida: vine
Aristolochia malacophylla: vine
Aristolochia styloglossa: vine – tecopaste
Aristolochia taliscana: vine – guaco, pacueco
Aristolochia tequilana: vine – contrahierba

Impatiens

Impatiens balsamina: herb – belen

Anredera

Anredera vesicaria: vine

Begonia

Begonia balmisiana: herb – calidonia
Begonia biserrata: herb
Begonia calderonii: herb
Begonia gracilis: annual herb
Begonia heracleifolia: herb
Begonia lachaoensis: herb
Begonia monophylla: herb
Begonia oaxacana: herb
Begonia ornithophylla: herb
Begonia plebeja: herb
Begonia stigmosa: herb
Begonia uruapensis: herb
Begonia sp. 1: herb
Begonia sp. 2: herb
Begonia sp. 3: herb

Berberis

Berberis incerta: shrub

Alnus

Alnus acuminata arguta: tree – aile
Alnus jorullensis:[5][6][9] tree – pine-oak forest, pine forest – aile
Alnus jorullensis lutea: tree – palo de casa

Carpinus

Carpinus tropicalis:[5][6] cloud forest, pine-oak forest – mora blanca

Ostrya

Ostrya virginiana:[5][6][9] cloud forest – mora, mora rojo

Amphilophium

Amphilophium paniculatum: vine
Amphilophium paniculatum paniculatum: vine

Astianthus

Astianthus viminalis: shrub – achuchil, sabino,

Crescentia

Crescentia alata: shrub tree – cuastecomate

Distictis

Distictis buccinatoria: shrub tree – cuije

Melloa

Melloa quadrivalvis: shrub tree – piene de chango, lengua de vaca

Pithecoctenium

Pithecoctenium crucigerum: shrub tree

Tabebuia

Tabebuia chrysantha:[5] shrub – primavera
Tabebuia rosea: shrub – rosa morada

Tecoma

Tecoma stans: shrub – flor de noche, tronadora

Bixa

Bixa orellana: shrub or tree – achiote

Bernoullia

Bernoullia flammea

Ceiba

Ceiba acuminata: tree
Ceiba aesculifolia: tree – pochote
Ceiba pentandra: [5] tree – higuera, salaton

Pseudobombax

Pseudobombax ellipticum[5] – clavellina
Pseudobombax palmeri: tree

Bourreria

Bourreria superba

Cordia

Cordia alliodora: tree – botoncillo
Cordia cordiformis: tree
Cordia diversifolia: tree – sebo
Cordia eleagnoides:[5] tree – barcino
Cordia inermis: tree
Cordia morelosana: tree
Cordia prunifolia: tree – frutilla
Cordia salvadorensis: tree
Cordia spinescens: tree – bejuco negro, bejuco prieto, cabeza de arriera

Ehretia

Ehretia latifolia: tree

Heliotropium

Heliotropium fallax: herb
Heliotropium indicum: annual herb – borajilla, heliptrope
Heliotropium procumbens: herb
Heliotropium rufipilum: herb – jaboncillo

Macromeria

Macromeria exserta: herb
Macromeria longiflora: herb

Tournefortia

Tournefortia acutiflora: herb
Tournefortia hirsutissima: herb
Tournefortia mutabilis: herb
Tournefortia petiolaris: herb
Tournefortia volubilis: herb
Tournefortia petiolaris: herb
Tournefortia petiolaris: herb

Buddleja

Buddleja cordata: shrub – butterfly bush, topozan, tepoza
Buddleja parviflora:[9] shrub – tepozan
Buddleja sessiliflora: shrub – tepozan

Bursera

Bursera bipinata:[5] tree
Bursera bipinata × Bursera copalifera: tree
Bursera copalifera:[5] tree
Bursera diversifolia: tree
Bursera fagaroides:[5] tree – copal, cuajiote
Bursera grandifolia: tree – cuajiote colorado
Bursera graveolens:[5] tree – palo santo
Bursera heteresthes: tree
Bursera kerberi: tree
Bursera multijuga: tree
Bursera penicillata: tree
Bursera rhoifolia: tree
Bursera schlechtendalii: tree
Bursera simaruba:[5] tree – cuajiote blanco
Bursera sp. nov.

Commiphora

Commiphora sarcopoda: tree

Terebinthus

Terebinthus acuminata: tree

Acanthocereus

Acanthocereus occidentalis: vine cactus

Cephalocereus

Cephalocereus alensis: barrel cactus – Sonora

Epiphyllum

Epiphyllum anguliger: vine cactus – pitayita

Ferocactus

Ferocactus reppenhagenii: barrel cactus – biznaga

Heliocereus

Heliocereus speciosus: vine cactus – pitayita

Hylocereus

Hylocereus ocamponis: vine cactus – pitahaya
Hylocereus purpusii: vine cactus

Mammillaria

Mammillaria beneckei: barrel cactus
Mammillaria reppenhagenii: barrel cactus – biznaguita
Mammillaria scrippsiana: barrel cactus
Mammillaria supraflumen: barrel cactus

Neobuxbaumia

Neobuxbaumia mezcalensis[5]

Nopalea

Nopalea karwinskiana: nopal cactus – prickly pear, nopal de venadillo, tuna

Opuntia

Opuntia atropes: nopal cactus
Opuntia fuliginosa: nopal cactus – nopal, tuna
Opuntia puberula: nopal cactus – nopal

Pachycereus

Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum[5] – cactus organo, pitayo cimmaron, huevo de sopilote

Peniocereus

Peniocereus cuixmalensis: vine cactus

Pereskiopsis

Pereskiopsis aquosa: cactus bush
Pereskiopsis diguetii: cactus bush – patilona, patilon

Rhipsalis

Rhipsalis baccifera: cactus herb

Selenicereus

Selenicereus atropilosus: vine cactus
Selenicereus vagans: vine cactus

Stenocereus

Stenocereus queretaroensis[5] – organo huevo de sopilote, petaya, pitayita

Callitriche

Callitriche heterophylla: aquatic herb

Diastatea

Diastatea micrantha

Heterotoma

Heterotoma lobelioides var. glabra: annual herb

Lobelia

Lobelia cordifolia: annual herb
Lobelia fenestralis: annual herb
Lobelia jaliscensis: annual herb – Jalisco
Lobelia laxiflora: annual herb
Lobelia longicaulis: annual herb
Lobelia occidentalis: annual herb

Capparis

Capparis mollicella: shrub – caper, periquillo
Capparis quiriguensis: shrub

Cleome

Cleome pilosa: annual herb
Cleome speciosa: annual herb – volantin
Cleome tenuis: annual herb – iltis
Cleome viscosa: annual herb

Crateva

Crateva palmeri: tree – cascaron, granadilla

Morisonia

Morisonia americana: tree – chico cimarron, rasca, chicozapote

Forchhammeria

Forchhammeria pallida
Forchhammeria sessifolia

Lonicera

Lonicera acutifolia: shrub – honeysuckle

Symphoricarpos

Symphoricarpos microphyllus: shrub

Viburnum

Viburnum hartwegii:[9] shrub
Viburnum microcarpum: shrub

Carica

Carica papaya: tree – papaya

Jacaratia

Jacaratia mexicana:[5] tree – bonete

Jarilla

Jarilla chocola: tree

Alsine

Alsine sp.: herb

Arenaria

Arenaria lanuginosa: herb – sandwort
Arenaria megalantha: herb – sandwort

Cerastium

Cerastium nutans: herb – chickweed
Cerastium sinaloense: herb – chickweed

Drymaria

Drymaria cordata: herb
Drymaria excisa: herb
Drymaria gracilis: herb
Drymaria minuscula: herb
Drymaria villosa: herb

Stellaria

Stellaria cuspidata: herb – chickweed

Celastrus

Celastrus pringlei: shrub – bejuco relumbroso, junquillo

Perrottetia

Perrottetia longistylis: bush

Rhacoma

Rhacoma eucymosa: tree
Rhacoma managuatillo

Schaefferia

Schaefferia frutescens: shrub
Schaefferia pilosa: shrub

Wimmeria

Wimmeria lanceolata: shrub – zarcillito

Zinowiewia

Zinowiewia concinna:[5][6][9] shrub – cloud forest – librillo

Chenopodium

Chenopodium ambrosioides: annual herb – epazote
Chenopodium graveolens: annual herb – epazote

Hedyosmum

Hedyosmum mexicanum:[6] tree – cloud forest – guardalagua

Couepia

Couepia polyandra: shrub – zapotillo

Licania

Licania retifolia: shrub

Clethra

Clethra fragans:[5] bush (not in Vazquez)
Clethra rosei: bush – canelo, roble
Clethra vicentina:[6][9] bush – cloud forest, pine-oak forest – cucharo
Clethra sp.: bush

Cochlospermum

Cochlospermum vitifolium:[5] tree – panicua

Combretum

Combretum fruticosum: vine or trepedora – peine de chango, peinecillo

Acmella

Acmella alba: herb – toothache plant
Acmella oppositifolia: herb – toothache plant

Ageratum

Ageratum corymbosum: annual herb
Ageratum corymbosum: annual herb
Ageratum corymbosum fo. albiflorum: annual herb
Ageratum houstonianum: annual herb

Alloispermum

Alloispermum colimense: annual herb
Alloispermum integrifolium: annual herb
Alloispermum palmeri var. palmeri: annual herb
Alloispermum scabrum var. scabrum: annual herb

Archibaccharis

Archibaccharis asperifolia: shrub
Archibaccharis hieracioides var. glandulosa: shrub
Archibaccharis schiedeana: shrub
Archibaccharis serratifolia: shrub

Aster or Symphyotrichum

Aster moranensis: herb – hojasen
Aster subulatus: herb

Baccharis

Baccharis heterophylla: shrub – caracuata cimarrona
Baccharis multiflora: shrub
Baccharis occidentalis: shrub
Baccharis pteronioides: shrub – escoba, jarilla, yerba de pasm
Baccharis salicifolia: shrub – mule fat
Baccharis trinervis: shrub – heirba de arlomo

Baltimora

Baltimora geminata: herb

Bidens

Bidens acrifolia: herb
Bidens aequisquama var. aequisquama: herb
Bidens odorata var. odorata: herb
Bidens odorata var. rosea: herb
Bidens ostruthioides: herb
Bidens pilosa: herb – beggarticks, aceitilla
Bidens reptans var. urbanii: herb
Bidens riparia var. refracta: herb
Bidens rostrata: herb
Bidens squarrosa: herb
Bidens triplinervia: herb

Brickellia

Brickellia adenolepis: herb
Brickellia cardiophylla: herb
Brickellia diffusa: herb
Brickellia filipes: herb
Brickellia jaliscensis: herb
Brickellia magnifica: shrub:
Brickellia scoparia: herb or shrub
Brickellia secundiflora var. monticola: herb or shrub
Brickellia squarrosa:[5] herb or shrub
Brickellia subuligera: shrub

Calea

Calea urticifolia var. urticifolia: shrub – amargocilla, regama, tacote amargoso

Carminatia

Carminatia recondita: herb
Carminatia tenuiflora: herb

Chaptalia

Chaptalia leucocephala: herb

Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum indicum var. mexicanum: herb

Cirsium

Cirsium anartiolepis: perennial root herb – thistle, cardo santo
Cirsium ehrenbergii: perennial root herb
Cirsium mexicanum: perennial root herb
Cirsium tolucanum: perennial root
Cirsium sp. nov.: perennial root – cardo santo

Clibadium

Clibadium arboreum: herb

Conyza

Conyza apurensis: herb
Conyza bonariensis: herb – alcanforcilla, arnica?
Conyza canadensis: herb
Conyza confusa: herb
Conyza coronopifolia: herb
Conyza coulteri: herb
Conyza microcephala: herb
Conyza sophiifolia: herb

Coreopsis

Coreopsis petrophiloides: herb

Cosmos

Cosmos bipinnatus: herb – amapola
Cosmos carvifolius: herb
Cosmos intercedens: herb
Cosmos sulphureus: herb

Cymophora

Cymophora hintonii: herb

Dahlia

Dahlia coccinea: herb – charahuesca
Dahlia tenuicaulis: perennial bulb herb – arbusto

Decachaeta

Decachaeta haenkeana: bush

Delilia

Delilia biflora: herb

Desmanthodium

Desmanthodium fruticosum: shrub

Dyssodia

Dyssodia neomexicana var. pulcherrima: herb
Dyssodia porophyllum var. cancellata: shrub
Dyssodia squamosa: shrub
Dyssodia tagetiflora: shrub

Erigeron

Erigeron longipes: herb
Erigeron ortegae var. ortigae: herb
Erigeron polycephalus: herb
Erigeron velutipes: herb – botoncillo, seraja

Eupatorium

Eupatorium araliifolium: shrub
Eupatorium areolare: shrub
Eupatorium arsenei: shrub
Eupatorium atrocordatum: shrub
Eupatorium ceriferum: shrub
Eupatorium chiapense: shrub
Eupatorium choricephalum: shrub
Eupatorium ciliatum: shrub
Eupatorium collinum: shrub – vara blanca
Eupatorium conspicuum: shrub
Eupatorium cronquistii: shrub
Eupatorium cylindricum: shrub
Eupatorium dolichobasis: shrub
Eupatorium glaberrimum: shrub
Eupatorium hebebotryum: shrub
Eupatorium isolepis: shrub
Eupatorium lasioneuron: shrub
Eupatorium leptodictyon: shrub
Eupatorium mairetianum: shrub
Eupatorium malacolepis: shrub
Eupatorium monanthum: shrub
Eupatorium morifolium: shrub
Eupatorium muelleri: shrub
Eupatorium nelsonii: shrub
Eupatorium odoratum: herb – tavardillo
Eupatorium oerstedianum: shrub
Eupatorium oresbium: shrub
Eupatorium ovaliflorum: shrub
Eupatorium pauperculum: shrub
Eupatorium pazcuarense: shrub
Eupatorium pichinchense: shrub
Eupatorium polybotryum: shrub
Eupatorium quadrangulare: shrub
Eupatorium ramireziorum: shrub
Eupatorium rhomboideum: shrub
Eupatorium scabrellum: shrub
Eupatorium sinaloense: shrub
Eupatorium sonorae: shrub
Eupatorium vitifolium: shrub

Eupatorium or Ageratina

Eupatorium barriei: shrub
Eupatorium manantlanum: shrub

Fleischmannia

Fleischmannia arguta: herb – escobita

Florestina

Florestina pedata: herb

Galeana

Galeana pratensis: herb

Galinsoga

Galinsoga quadriradiata: herb – tacote

Gnaphalium

Gnaphalium americanum: herb
Gnaphalium attenuatum var. attenuatum: herb
Gnaphalium attenuatum var. sylvicola: herb
Gnaphalium bourgovii: herb – gordolobo
Gnaphalium canescens: herb
Gnaphalium chartaceum: herb
Gnaphalium jaliscense: herb
Gnaphalium liebmannii var. monticola: herb
Gnaphalium roseum: herb
Gnaphalium semilanatum: herb
Gnaphalium sphacelatum: herb
Gnaphalium viscosum: herb
Gnaphalium sp.: herb

Guardiola

Guardiola mexicana
Guardiola tulocarpus

Helenium

Helenium scorzonerifolium

Heliopsis

Heliopsis bupthalmoides
Heliopsis procumbens

Heterosperma

Heterosperma pinnatum

Heterotheca

Hieracium abscissum
Hieracium fendleri
Hieracium fendleri subsp. ostreophyllum

Hofmeisteria

Hofmeisteria dissecta
Hofmeisteria urenifolia

Isocarpha

Isocarpha oppositifolia

Jaegeria

Jaegeria hirta
Jaegeria macrocephala

Lagascea

Lagascea decipiens
Lagascea helianthifolia

Lasianthaea

Lasianthaea ceanothifolia
Lasianthaea fruticosa
Lasianthaea fruticosa var. michoacana
Lasianthaea helianthoides var. helianthoides
Lasianthaea macrocephala
Lasianthaea palmeri

Liabum

Liabum broomeae or Sinclairia broomeae
Liabum cervinum
Liabum glabrum var. hypoleucum
Liabum liebmannii
Liabum sp. nov.

Melampodium

Melampodium americanum
Melampodium divaricatum
Melampodium microcephalum
Melampodium nutans
Melampodium perfoliatum
Melampodium tepicense

Mikania

Mikania cordifolia

Milleria

Milleria quinqueflora

Montanoa

Montanoa andersonii
Montanoa bipinnatifida
Montanoa grandiflora
Montanoa karvinskii
Montanoa leucantha

Odontotrichum

Odontotrichum multilobum
Odontotrichum palmeri

Onoseris

Onoseris onoseroides

Osbertia

Osbertia stolonifera

Otopappus

Otopappus acuminatus
Otopappus epaleaceus
Otopappus microcephalus
Otopappus tequilanus
Otopappus scaber

Parthenium

Parthenium hysterophorus

Pectis

Pectis linifolia
Pectis repens

Perezia

Perezia dugesii
Perezia fruticosa
Perezia glomeriflora
Perezia hooveri
Perezia patens
Perezia simulata

Pericalia

Pericalia sessilifolia

Perymenium

Perymenium alticola
Perymenium buphthalmoides
Perymenium jaliscense
Perymenium mendezii
Perymenium uxoris
Perymenium wilburorum

Pinaropappus

Pinaropappus diguetii
Pinaropappus roseus

Piqueria

Piqueria triflora

Pittocaulon

Pittocaulon hintonii

Pluchea

Pluchea salicifolia
Pluchea symphytifolia

Podachaenium

Podachaenium eminens

Polymnia

Polymnia maculata
Polymnia macvaughii
Polymnia uvedalia

Porophyllum

Porophyllum coloratum
Porophyllum lindenii
Porophyllum pringlei
Porophyllum punctatum
Porophyllum ruderale
Porophyllum viridiflorum

Psacalium

Psacalium goldsmithii
Psacalium peltigerum
Psacalium pentaflorum
Psacalium poculiferum

Pseudelephantopus

Pseudelephantopus spicatus

Rumfordia

Rumfordia floribunda
Rumfordia floribunda var. floribunda
Rumfordia floribunda var. jaliscensis

Schkuhria

Schkuhria pinnata

Sclerocarpus

Sclerocarpus divaricatus

Senecio

Senecio albonervius
Senecio angulifolius
Senecio argutus
Senecio barba-johannis
Senecio bellidifolius
Senecio callosus
Senecio chapalensis
Senecio cinerarioides
Senecio galicianus var. galicianus
Senecio galicianus var. manantlanensis
Senecio hartwegii
Senecio multidentatus
Senecio roldana
Senecio salignus[6]
Senecio sanguisorbae
Senecio sinuatus
Senecio standleyi
Senecio stoechadiformis
Senecio suffultus

Sigesbeckia

Sigesbeckia agrestis

Simsia

Simsia annectens

Sonchus

Sonchus oleraceus[6] – serata

Stevia

Stevia alatipes
Stevia caracasana
Stevia lasioclada
Stevia latifolia
Stevia lucida
Stevia micradenia
Stevia monardifolia
Stevia myricoides
Stevia nelsonii
Stevia origanoides
Stevia ovata
Stevia serrata var. serrata
Stevia subpubescens
Stevia trifida
Stevia viscida

Tagetes

Tagetes filifolia – anis
Tagetes lucida – Santa Maria
Tagetes lunulata
Tagetes remotiflora – cempaxuchil, zampaxuchil
Tagetes stenophylla
Tagetes subulata

Taraxacum

Taraxacum officinale – diente de leon

Tithonia

Tithonia rotundifolia – tacote
Tithonia tubiformis or Tithonia tubaeformis – acuate, tacote, huevo de tejon

Tridax

Tridax accedens
Tridax accedens
Tridax procumbens

Trigonospermum

Trigonospermum melampodioides – tacoti

Tagetes

Trixis mexicana var. mexicana
Trixis michuacana var. longifolia

Verbesina

Verbesina cinerascens
Verbesina crocata
Verbesina culminicola
Verbesina fastigiata
Verbesina greenmanii
Verbesina oligantha
Verbesina oncophora
Verbesina oxylepis
Verbesina parviflora
Verbesina sphaerocephala
Verbesina tetraptera
Verbesina turbacensis
Verbesina heterocarpa

Vernonia

Vernonia baadii
Vernonia bealliae[6]
Vernonia capreifolia
Vernonia cordata
Vernonia coulteri
Vernonia patens
Vernonia pungens
Vernonia serratuloides
Vernonia triflosculosa
Vernonia vernonioides

Tagetes

Taraxacum officinale

Viguiera

Viguiera cordata
Viguiera cordata var. cordata
Viguiera dentata
Viguiera ensifolia
Viguiera grahamii
Viguiera hypochlora
Viguiera latibracteata
Viguiera pachycephala
Viguiera pringlei
Viguiera tenuis

Zinnia

Zinnia americana
Zinnia bicolor
Zinnia peruviana
Zinnia zinnioides

Rourea

Rourea glabra

Evolvulus

Evolvulus alsinoides
Evolvulus nummularius

Ipomoea

Ipomoea alba
Ipomoea ampullacea
Ipomoea arborescens
Ipomoea batatoides
Ipomoea bracteata
Ipomoea capillacea
Ipomoea cardiophylla
Ipomoea cholulensis
Ipomoea corymbosa
Ipomoea cuernavacensis
Ipomoea decemcornuta
Ipomoea dimorphophylla
Ipomoea dumosa
Ipomoea funis
Ipomoea hartwegii
Ipomoea hederifolia
Ipomoea invicta
Ipomoea lindenii
Ipomoea mairetii
Ipomoea minutiflora
Ipomoea murucoides
Ipomoea neei
Ipomoea nil – quebra plato
Ipomoea noctulifolia
Ipomoea orizabensis
Ipomoea pseudoracemosa
Ipomoea santillanii
Ipomoea seducta
Ipomoea spectata
Ipomoea trifida
Ipomoea sp. nov.

Coriaria

Coriaria ruscifolia subsp. microphylla

Cornus

Cornus disciflora:[5][6] cloud forest, pine-oak forest, gallery forest – azuhillo
Cornus excelsa[9] – cuatepinque

Bryophyllum

Bryophyllum pinnatum – oja de amor

Graptopetalum

Graptopetalum fruticosum

Curatella

Sedum grandipetalum
Sedum greggii
Sedum jaliscanum
Sedum tortuosum
Sedum sp. 1
Sedum sp. 2

Brassica

Brassica rapa – mostaza

Cardamine

Cardamine fulcrata

Lepidium

Lepidium lasiocarpum
Lepidium oblongum
Lepidium virginicum

Raphanus

Raphanus raphanistrum – rapanillo

Rorippa

Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum – berro

Cayaponia

Cayaponia attenuata – pedo de Judas
Cayaponia racemosa – amole

Cremastopus

Cremastopus rostratus

Cucumis

Cucumis anguria – peppinillo

Cucurbita

Cucurbita argyrosperma – calabaza de peljeho, calabaze de Castilla de pellejo
Cucurbita ficifolia – si la coyote

Cyclanthera

Cyclanthera dissecta
Cyclanthera langaei
Cyclanthera steyermarkii
Cyclanthera tamnoides

Echinopepon

Echinopepon jaliscanus
Echinopepon lanatus
Echinopepon pringlei
Echinopepon racemosus

Ibervillea

Ibervillea maxima – tololonche

Melothria

Melothria pendula
Melothria pringlei

Momordica

Momordica charantia – estropajo

Polyclathra

Polyclathra cucumerina

Rytidostylis

Rytidostylis gracilis
Rytidostylis longisepala

Schizocarpum

Schizocarpum longisepalum
Schizocarpum palmeri

Sechium

Sechium compositum

Sicyos

Sicyos laciniatus
Sicyos longisepalus

Cuscuta

Cuscuta corymbosa – tirisia
Cuscuta mitriformis or Cuscuta mitraeformis – tripa de pollo, tirisia

Tapura

Tapura mexicana

Curatella

Curatella americana[5] – rasca vieja

Davilla

Davilla kunthii

Perrottetia

Perrottetia longistylis:[6] cloud forest

Diospyros

Diospyros sinaloensis
Diospyros sp.

Muntingia

Muntingia calabura – majagua

Sloanea

Sloanea terniflora – aguatoso, ajuatoso

Arbutus

Arbutus occidentalis – madrono
Arbutus xalapensis[5][8][9] – madroño

Comarostaphylis

Comarostaphylis discolor[9] – madronillo, madrono
Comarostaphylis discolor subsp. manantlanensis – madronillo
Comarostaphylis glaucescens

Gaultheria

Gaultheria hirtiflora

Vaccinium

Vaccinium confertum
Vaccinium stenophyllum[6] – cloud forest, pine-oak forest, pine forest – capulincillo

Acalypha

Acalypha alopecuroides
Acalypha cincta
Acalypha filipes
Acalypha grisea
Acalypha hypogaea
Acalypha langiana
Acalypha microphylla
Acalypha ocymoides
Acalypha ostryifolia
Acalypha salvadorensis
Acalypha schiedeana
Acalypha setosa
Acalypha subviscida
Acalypha triloba
Acalypha umbrosa
Acalypha vagans
Acalypha sp.

Adelia

Adelia barbinervis

Argythamnia

Argythamnia manzanilloana

Astrocasia

Astrocasia tremula

Bernardia

Bernardia gentryana
Bernardia mexicana
Bernardia santanae

Bernardia

Chamaesyce berteroana or Chamaesyce berteriana
Chamaesyce grisea
Chamaesyce hirta
Chamaesyce hirta var. procumbens
Chamaesyce hypericifolia
Chamaesyce hyssopifolia
Chamaesyce indivisa

Chiropetalum

Chiropetalum schiedeanum

Cnidoscolus

Cnidoscolus autlanensis – chiquile
Cnidoscolus spinosus
Cnidoscolus tepiquensis

Croton

Croton billbergianus
Croton ciliato-glandulifera – dominguilla
Croton draco – morado
Croton flavescens
Croton fragilis
Croton fragilis
Croton hirtus
Croton pyramidalis
Croton septemnervius
Croton suberosus
Croton wilburii
Croton ynesiae

Dalechampia

Dalechampia scandens

Dalembertia

Dalembertia populifolia

Euphorbia

Euphorbia ariensis
Euphorbia calyculata
Euphorbia colletioides
Euphorbia cotinifolia
Euphorbia cyathophora
Euphorbia dentata
Euphorbia dioscoreoides
Euphorbia furcillata
Euphorbia graminea
Euphorbia graminea var. novogaliciana
Euphorbia heterophylla
Euphorbia humayensis
Euphorbia jaliscensis
Euphorbia macropus
Euphorbia macvaughii
Euphorbia multiseta
Euphorbia ocymoides
Euphorbia peganoides
Euphorbia pulcherrima
Euphorbia schlechtendalii var. pacifica
Euphorbia sphaerorhiza
Euphorbia strigosa
Euphorbia tanquahuete
Euphorbia xalapensis

Gymnanthes

Gymnanthes actinostemoides

Hura

Hura polyandra[5] – habillo

Jatropha

Jatropha bartlettii
Jatropha cordata
Jatropha mcvaughii
Jatropha platyphylla

Mabea

Mabea occidentalis

Manihot

Manihot aesculifolia
Manihot intermedia
Manihot michaelis
Manihot rhomboidea
Manihot rhomboidea subsp. microcarpa

Margaritaria

Margaritaria nobilis – agrio, varudo, jicama de cerro

Pedilanthus

Pedilanthus calcaratus – candelilla
Pedilanthus diazlunanus – candelilla
Pedilanthus palmeri – candelilla

Phyllanthus

Phyllanthus glaucescens
Phyllanthus gypsicola
Phyllanthus mocinianus
Phyllanthus niruri
Phyllanthus standleyi
Phyllanthus stipulatus
Phyllanthus tequilensis

Ricinus

Ricinus communis – higuerilla

Sapium

Sapium pedicellatum

Sebastiania

Sebastiania corniculata
Sebastiania hintonii

Tragia

Tragia affinis
Tragia pacifica
Tragia volubilis

Sebastiania

Sebastiania hintonii:[6] cloud forest

Quercus

Quercus aristata
Quercus candicans:[5][6][9] cloud forest
Quercus castanea:[5][6][9] pine-oak forest, pine forest
Quercus confertifolia
Quercus crassifolia[5]
Quercus crassipes[5][9]
Quercus deserticola
Quercus elliptica
Quercus excelsa[5]
Quercus gentryi[9]
Quercus glaucescens
Quercus insignis[5]
Quercus laeta
Quercus laurina:[5][6][9] pine-oak forest, pine forest, pine-fir forest – Encino laurelillo, Encino asta
Quercus magnoliifolia:[5][6][8] pine-oak forest, pine forest
Quercus martinezii
Quercus obtusata[5]
Quercus peduncularis[5]
Quercus planipocula[5]
Quercus praineana
Quercus resinosa
Quercus rugosa[5][9] – quiebra hacha
Quercus resinosa[5][8]
Quercus salicifolia:[5][6] cloud forest
Quercus scitophylla[8][9]
Quercus sororia
Quercus splendens
Quercus uxoris[5]
Quercus splendens
Quercus xalapensis[5]
Quercus splendens
Quercus sp. nov 1
Quercus sp. nov 2
Quercus sp. nov 3

Fouquieria

Casearia arguta
Casearia corymbosa
Casearia sylvestris

Hasseltiopsis

Hasseltiopsis dioica

Neopringlea

Neopringlea viscosa

Prockia

Prockia crucis

Xylosma

Xylosma flexuosa
Xylosma velutina

Fouquieria

Fouquieria formosa[5]

Garrya

Garrya laurifolia:[6] cloud forest

Centaurium

Centaurium martinii
Centaurium nudicaule
Centaurium setaceum
Centaurium tenuifolium

Gentiana

Gentiana caliculata
Gentiana spathacea

Halenia

Halenia brevicornis
Halenia crumiana

Erodium

Erodium cicutarium

Geranium

Geranium hernandesii
Geranium lilacinum
Geranium seemannii
Geranium sp.

Achimenes

Achimenes antirrhina
Achimenes flava
Achimenes grandiflora
Achimenes heterophylla
Achimenes longiflora

Drymonia

Drymonia serrulata

Episcia

Episcia punctata

Moussonia

Moussonia elegans

Phinaea

Phinaea multiflora

Calophyllum

Calophyllum brasiliense:[5] tree – arbol Maria

Clusia

Clusia salvini:[5][6] cloud forest

Clusia

Hypericum paucifolium
Hypericum philonotis

Rheedia

Rheedia edulis

Matudaea

Matudaea trinervia:[6] cloud forest – cuencudo, naranjillo

Gyrocarpus

Gyrocarpus jatrophifolius – rabelero, volantines

Hippocratea

Hippocratea celastroides
Hippocratea volubilis – hierba de cancer

Hydrolea

Hydrolea spinosa – borrajillo, espinocilla

Phacelia

Phacelia platycarpa – berro, quelite de borrego

Wigandia

Wigandia urens – mala mujer, quemadora

Calatola

Calatola laevigata – aguacatillo

Juglans

Juglans major:[6] cloud forest – black walnut, nogal, nogal cimmarron

Asterohyptis

Amphipterygium adstringens – ciche de perra, cuachalalate

Asterohyptis

Asterohyptis stellulata

Cunila

Cunila longiflora
Cunila lythrifolia
Cunila pycnantha

Hyptis

Hyptis albida
Hyptis capitata
Hyptis mutabilis
Hyptis oblongifolia
Hyptis pectinata
Hyptis rhytidea
Hyptis suaveolens
Hyptis urticoides

Leonotis

Leonotis nepetifolia – acuate

Lepechinia

Lepechinia caulescens – salvia
Lepechinia nelsonii

Leonotis

Leonotis nepetifolia

Marrubium

Marrubium vulgare – marrubio

Mentha

Mentha sp.

Ocimum

Ocimum micranthum – albacar

Salvia

Salvia albocaerulea
Salvia arthrocoma
Salvia brachyodonta
Salvia breviflora
Salvia bruebenzii (not listed in Tropicos)
Salvia carnea
Salvia cinnabarina
Salvia concolor
Salvia cuevasiana or Scutellaria cuevasiana
Salvia elegans[6] – espinosilla
Salvia firma
Salvia gesneriiflora
Salvia hispanica
Salvia iodantha
Salvia lasiantha
Salvia lasiocephala
Salvia lavanduloides
Salvia leucantha
Salvia longispicata
Salvia longistyla
Salvia manantlanensis
Salvia mcvaughii
Salvia meera
Salvia mexicana
Salvia platyphylla
Salvia polystachya
Salvia purpurea
Salvia ramamoorthyana
Salvia riparia
Salvia rostellata
Salvia santanae
Salvia sapinea
Salvia sessei
Salvia thyrsiflora
Salvia uruapana
Salvia vazquezii
Salvia viscidifolia

Satureja

Satureja jaliscana
Satureja macrostema var. laevigata

Scutellaria

Scutellaria caerulea
Scutellaria purpurascens

Stachys

Stachys agraria
Stachys coccinea
Stachys grahamii
Stachys manantlanensis
Stachys pacifica

Beilschmiedia

Beilschmiedia pendula

Cinnamomum

Cinnamomum pachypodum:[5][6][9] cloud forest – laurel

Licaria

Licaria triandra – ahuacatillo, cicuito, estrella

Litsea

Litsea glaucescens – laurelillo

Nectandra

Nectandra glabrescens – aguacatillo, laurel

Persea

Persea hintonii – laurel
Persea sp.

Acacia

Acacia acatlensis
Acacia angustissima var. angustissima – timbre
Acacia angustissima var. texensis
Acacia cochliacantha – conchilla, espino, huizache
Acacia farnesiana or Vachellia farnesiana:[6][9] secondary vegetation – huisache
Acacia glomerosa
Acacia hindsii – huizcolote
Acacia macilenta – chachacahuite, guaje
Acacia pennatula – tepame
Acacia riparia – tasajillo
Acacia × standleyi
Acacia tequilana

Aeschynomene

Aeschynomene americana var. glandulosa
Aeschynomene amorphoides
Aeschynomene histrix var. histrix
Aeschynomene langlassei
Aeschynomene petraea
Aeschynomene rudis
Aeschynomene villosa var. mexicana
Aeschynomene villosa var. villosa

Albizia

Albizia occidentalis
Albizia tomentosa – nacastillo, parotilla, pelo de angel

Apoplanesia

Apoplanesia paniculata

Astragalus

Astragalus ervoides var. maysillesii
Astragalus guatemalensis var. brevidentatus

Bauhinia

Bauhinia divaricata – flor de reina
Bauhinia pauletia – periquillo
Bauhinia ungulata

Brogniartia

Brogniartia mortonii

Caesalpinia

Caesalpinia cacalaco – cacalote
Caesalpinia mexicana
Caesalpinia pulcherrima – tabachin

Calliandra

Calliandra anomala
Calliandra bijuga
Calliandra caeciliae
Calliandra eriophylla
Calliandra grandiflora
Calliandra hirsuta
Calliandra houstonii – cabellos de angel
Calliandra laevis:[6] gallery forest – guajillo, palo fierro
Calliandra longipedicellata:[6] secondary vegetation

Calopogonium

Calopogonium caeruleum
Calopogonium mucunoides

Canavalia

Canavalia acuminata
Canavalia hirsutissima
Canavalia septentrionalis
Canavalia villosa

Cercidium

Centrosema plumieri
Centrosema pubescens – frijolillo
Centrosema sagittatum
Centrosema virginianum

Cercidium or Parkinsonia

Cercidium praecox or Parkinsonia praecox[5] – palo verde

Chamaecrista

Chamaecrista absus var. meionandra
Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma
Chamaecrista nictitans var. jaliscensis
Chamaecrista nictitans var. pilosa
Chamaecrista punctulata – golondrina cimarrona
Chamaecrista rotundifolia var. rotundifolia
Chamaecrista serpens var. wrightii

Clitoria

Clitoria mexicana
Clitoria polystachya

Cologania

Cologania biloba
Cologania broussonetii
Cologania procumbens

Conzattia

Conzattia multiflora

Coursetia

Coursetia caribaea
Coursetia glandulosa
Coursetia mollis
Coursetia pumila – garbancillo

Crotalaria

Crotalaria acapulcensis
Crotalaria bupleurifolia
Crotalaria cajanifolia
Crotalaria filifolia
Crotalaria incana
Crotalaria longirostrata – bicho, cascabelillo, quelite golpeador
Crotalaria micans
Crotalaria mollicula – capitana
Crotalaria pumila
Crotalaria quercetorum
Crotalaria sagittalis

Dalea

Dalea cliffortiana
Dalea elata
Dalea foliolosa
Dalea leucostachya
Dalea obreniformis
Dalea pulchella
Dalea roseiflora
Dalea sericea
Dalea versicolor

Desmodium

Desmodium affine
Desmodium ambiguum
Desmodium angustifolium
Desmodium aparines
Desmodium barbatum
Desmodium bellum
Desmodium cinereum
Desmodium cordistipulum
Desmodium distortum
Desmodium ghiesbreghtii
Desmodium glabrum
Desmodium guadalajaranum
Desmodium hartwegianum
Desmodium infractum
Desmodium jaliscanum
Desmodium macrostachyum
Desmodium molliculum
Desmodium nicaraguense
Desmodium novogalicianum
Desmodium occidentale
Desmodium orbiculare var. rubricaule
Desmodium plicatum
Desmodium prehensile
Desmodium procumbens
Desmodium procumbens var. transversum
Desmodium pseudoamplifolium
Desmodium sericophyllum
Desmodium skinneri
Desmodium strobilaceum
Desmodium sumichrastii
Desmodium tortuosum
Desmodium urarioides
Desmodium volubile

Diphysa

Diphysa floribunda
Diphysa puberulenta
Diphysa suberosa

Entada

Entada patens
Entada polystachya

Enterolobium

Enterolobium cyclocarpum[5] – parota, huanacaste

Eriosema

Eriosema diffusum
Eriosema longicalyx
Eriosema multiflorum
Eriosema pulchellum

Erythrina

Erythrina breviflora
Erythrina lanata subsp. occidentalis

Eysenhardtia

Eysenhardtia platycarpa
Eysenhardtia polystachya

Galactia

Galactia incana
Galactia sp.

Haematoxylum

Haematoxylum brasiletto – palo brasil

Indigofera

Indigofera densiflora
Indigofera jaliscensis
Indigofera palmeri
Indigofera thibaudiana

Inga

Inga eriocarpa – cuil, guaginiguil, juaniquil peludo
Inga hintonii – jacanicuil cimarron
Inga laurina – cuaniquil, guajillo, jinicuil
Inga vera

Leucaena

Leucaena esculenta – huajillo, guaje
Leucaena macrophylla – guaje

Lonchocarpus

Lonchocarpus hintonii
Lonchocarpus lanceolatus
Lonchocarpus salvadorensis

Lotus

Lotus oroboides
Lotus repens

Lupinus

Lupinus elegans – cantues
Lupinus exaltatus[5] – cantues
Lupinus madrensis – cantues
Lupinus stipulatus

Lysiloma

Lysiloma acapulcense – tepeguaje
Lysiloma microphyllum – tepemezquite consteno
Lysiloma tergeminum – pelo de angel

Lysiloma

Lysiloma acapulcensis[5]
Lysiloma microphyllum[5]

Machaerium

Machaerium kegelii
Machaerium salvadorense – garabatom, guamuchil del diabilillo

Macroptilium

Macroptilium atropurpureum
Macroptilium sp.

Marina

Marina crenulata
Marina diffusa var. diffusa
Marina grammadenia
Marina neglecta var. neglecta – escobilla
Marina nutans
Marina scopa

Mimosa

Mimosa acantholoba
Mimosa affinis
Mimosa albida
Mimosa benthamii
Mimosa galeottii
Mimosa guatemalensis
Mimosa invisa
Mimosa pigra var. berlandieri
Mimosa pudica
Mimosa rosei
Mimosa sp.

Nissolia

Nissolia fruticosa
Nissolia laxior
Nissolia leiogyne
Nissolia microptera

Pachecoa

Pachecoa prismatica

Pachyrhizus

Pachyrhizus erosus var. erosus

Parkinsonia

Parkinsonia aculeata

Phaseolus

Phaseolus coccineus subsp. coccineus
Phaseolus coccineus subsp. formosus
Phaseolus leptostachyus
Phaseolus lunatus var. lunatus
Phaseolus leptostachyus var. silvester
Phaseolus micranthus
Phaseolus pauciflorus
Phaseolus perplexus
Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus sp. 1
Phaseolus sp. 2

Piscidia

Piscidia carthagenensis

Pachecoa

Pachecoa prismatica

Pithecellobium

Pithecellobium acatlense[5] – palo fierro
Pithecellobium dulce – guamuchil
Pithecellobium lanceolatum – guamuchilillo, mochaquelite

Platymiscium

Platymiscium lasiocarpum

Prosopis

Prosopis laevigata[5] – mesquite

Ramirezella

Ramirezella crassa
Ramirezella lozanii – cambara
Ramirezella micrantha
Ramirezella strobilophora

Rhynchosia

Rhynchosia discolor
Rhynchosia edulis
Rhynchosia minima
Rhynchosia precatoria – colorin, ojo de perico
Rhynchosia tarphantha

Schrankia

Schrankia distachya – sierilla

Senna

Senna alata
Senna atomaria – vainilla
Senna centranthera
Senna cobanensis
Senna foetidissima var. grandiflora
Senna fruticosa
Senna hirsuta var. hirta
Senna mexicana
Senna mollissima
Senna multifoliolata var. multifoliolata
Senna obtusifolia
Senna occidentalis – bichi
Senna pallida
Senna pendula var. advena
Senna pilifera var. subglabra
Senna quinquangulata var. quinquangulata
Senna septemtrionalis
Senna talpana
Senna uniflora
Senna villosa

Sphinctospermum

Sphinctospermum constrictum

Stylosanthes

Stylosanthes guianensis

Stylosanthes

Stylosanthes guianensis

Tephrosia

Tephrosia conzattii
Tephrosia langlassei
Tephrosia macrantha
Tephrosia multifolia
Tephrosia nicaraguensis
Tephrosia sinapou
Tephrosia submontana
Tephrosia viridiflora

Teramnus

Teramnus uncinatus

Trifolium

Trifolium amabile – trébol

Vicia

Vicia humilis
Vicia pulchella subsp. mexicana

Vigna

Vigna adenantha
Vigna linearis

Willardia

Willardia schiedeana

Zapoteca

Zapoteca formosa subsp. formosa
Zapoteca formosa subsp. rosei
Zapoteca tetragona

Zornia

Zornia reticulata
Zornia thymifolia

Pinguicula

Pinguicula crenatiloba
Pinguicula oblongiloba
Pinguicula parvifolia

Gronovia

Gronovia scandens – mala mujer, hiedra, ortiga

Klaprothia

Klaprothia fasciculata – mala mujer

Mentzelia

Mentzelia hispida

Spigelia

Spigelia anthelmia

Cladocolea

Cladocolea grahamii
Cladocolea inconspicua
Cladocolea inorna
Cladocolea loniceroides
Cladocolea sp.

Psittacanthus

Psittacanthus calyculatus
Psittacanthus palmeri
Psittacanthus ramiflorus
Psittacanthus schiedeanus

Struthanthus

Struthanthus condensatus
Struthanthus interruptus

Cuphea

Cuphea appendiculata var. appendiculata
Cuphea calaminthifolia
Cuphea ferrisiae
Cuphea hookeriana
Cuphea inflata
Cuphea jorullensis
Cuphea leptopoda
Cuphea llavea – cigarillo, perritos, pulmonaria
Cuphea lobophora
Cuphea lobophora var. lobophora
Cuphea michoacana
Cuphea tolucana
Cuphea utriculosa
Cuphea watsonii

Heimia

Heimia salicifolia

Magnolia

Magnolia iltisiana:[5][6] cloud forest – cacao, laurel, magnolia

Talauma

Talauma sp. – cacao, yolocochitl

Bunchosia

Bunchosia mcvaughii
Bunchosia palmeri
Bunchosia strigosa

Byrsonima

Byrsonima crassifolia[5] – nance, nanche

Echinopterys

Echinopterys eglandulosa – hierba de la cucaracha

Galphimia

Galphimia glauca
Galphimia sp.

Gaudichaudia

Gaudichaudia albida
Gaudichaudia cycloptera
Gaudichaudia cynanchoides
Gaudichaudia mcvaughii
Gaudichaudia subverticillata

Heteropterys

Heteropterys brachiata
Heteropterys laurifolia – bjuco quipalero, palo bejucoso, palo de verdura

Lasiocarpus

Lasiocarpus ferrugineus

Malpighia

Malpighia ovata
Malpighia romeroana var. nayaritensis
Malpighia wilburiorum

Gaudichaudia

Mascagnia dipholiphylla
Mascagnia sinemariensis

Tetrapterys

Tetrapterys mexicana

Abutilon

Abutilon abutiloides – amantillo
Abutilon barrancae
Abutilon ellipticum
Abutilon haenkeanum
Abutilon reventum
Abutilon trisulcatum – algondoncillo, mantilla
Abutilon umbellatum

Allosidastrum

Allosidastrum hilarianum
Allosidastrum pyramidatum

Anoda

Anoda acerifolia
Anoda crenatiflora
Anoda cristata – malva morada, violeta, violetilla
Anoda maculata

Briquetia

Briquetia spicata

Gaya

Gaya minutiflora

Gossypium

Gossypium aridum
Gossypium hirsutum

Heliocarpus

Heliocarpus terebinthaceus[5]

Herissantia

Herissantia crispa

Hibiscus

Hibiscus phoeniceus
Hibiscus uncinellus

Hochreutinera

Hochreutinera amplexifolia

Kearnemalvastrum

Kearnemalvastrum subtriflorum

Kosteletzkya

Kosteletzkya tubiflora

Malachra

Malachra fasciata

Malva

Malva parviflora – malva
Malva sylvestris

Malvastrum

Malvastrum americanum – guinar
Malvastrum coromandelianum

Malvaviscus

Malvaviscus arboreus var. arboreus
Malvaviscus penduliflorus

Neobrittonia

Neobrittonia acerifolia – huevos de coyote

Pavonia

Pavonia oxyphylla var. melanommata
Pavonia pleuranthera

Periptera

Periptera ctenotricha
Periptera macrostelis
Periptera punicea

Phymosia

Phymosia rosea

Robinsonella

Robinsonella speciosa

Sida

Sida abutilifolia
Sida acuta
Sida aggregata
Sida barclayi
Sida ciliaris
Sida collina
Sida glabra
Sida haenkeana
Sida jamaicensis
Sida linifolia
Sida rhombifolia – babosilla, escobita, guinar, huinar
Sida rzedowskii
Sida salviifolia
Sida spinosa
Sida abutilifolia
Sida abutilifolia

Wissadula

Wissadula amplissima

Arthrostemma

Arthrostemma alatum – yerbamora

Clidemia

Clidemia matudae
Clidemia submontana

Conostegia

Conostegia volcanalis:[6] cloud forest – pedorra
Conostegia xalapensis – mora

Heterocentron

Heterocentron mexicanum
Heterocentron subtriplinervium
Heterocentron subtriplinervium sp. nov.

Leandra

Leandra cornoides
Leandra subseriata

Miconia

Miconia albicans – morita, pedorra
Miconia glaberrima
Miconia mcvaughii

Pterolepis

Pterolepis pumila

Tibouchina

Tibouchina scabriuscula
Tibouchina sp. nov.

Cedrela

Cedrela odorata[5] – cedro rojo
Cedrela odorata sp. nov.

Guarea

Guarea glabra[5]

Swietenia

Swietenia humilis[5] – caoba, cobano

Trichilia

Trichilia americana – periquillo
Trichilia havanensis
Trichilia trifoliata

Cebatha

Cebatha diversifolia

Cissampelos

Cissampelos pareira – colorín, ohode perico, orozul

Disciphania

Disciphania mexicana

Siparuna

Siparuna andina – limoncillo, azagar, chumbejo

Monotropa

Monotropa hypopitys – pipa de indio, Indian pipes

Inga

Inga vera subsp. eriocarpa:[6] cloud forest – cuaniquil

Brosimum

Brosimum alicastrum[5] – mojo, capomo, mojote

Chlorophora

Chlorophora tinctora

Dorstenia

Dorstenia drakena – gallito, barbudilla

Ficus

Ficus cookii
Ficus cotinifolia – amate negro, tescalama
Ficus Ficus goldmanii – tescalama, zalate, zalaton
Ficus insipida – higuera, amate, higuera blanca
Ficus insipida var. insipida – camchin, higuera
Ficus isophlebia
Ficus lapathifolia – amate de hoja ancha
Ficus maxima – higueron peluda
Ficus microchlamys – higuera
Ficus obtusifolia – higuerón
Ficus pertusa – amatillo, camichin
Ficus petiolaris[5]
Ficus pringlei
Ficus tuerckheimii
Ficus petiolaris – camichin
Ficus sp. 1
Ficus sp. 2
Ficus sp. 3

Trophis

Trophis noraminervae:[6] gallery forest
Trophis racemosa[5] – ramoncillo

Cecropia

Cecropia obtusifolia – guarumbo, huarumbo, huitapil

Coussapoa

Coussapoa purpusii – tescalamilla

Morella

Morella cerifera – wax myrtle, falso encino

Ardisia

Ardisia compressa – capulin, capulincillo, cordoban
Ardisia mexicana
Ardisia revoluta – arrayán, cordoban, timbuche agrio

Gentlea

Gentlea mcvaughii

Parathesis

Parathesis Ferruginea
Parathesis villosa – mananita, timbuche cimarron

Rapanea

Rapanea juergensenii – naranjillo;
Rapanea myricoides

Synardisia

Synardisia venosa

Calyptranthes

Calyptranthes pallens var. mexicana – murta

Eugenia

Eugenia capuli – capulín de mayo
Eugenia crenularis
Eugenia culminicola
Eugenia petens
Eugenia rekoi

Myrcianthes

Myrcianthes fragrans var. fragrans – lentisco

Psidium

Psidium guajaba – guayaba
Psidium guineense – guayaba cimarrón, guavea del cerro, guayabilla, guaybilla vendera
Psidium sartorianum – arrayán

Boerhavia

Boerhavia coccinea – abrojo rojo

Mirabilis

Mirabilis jalapa – aretito, maravilla
Mirabilis nyctaginea

Pisonia

Pisonia aculeata var. aculeata – coma de uña, garabato, garabato prieto
Pisonia arborescens

Pisoniella

Pisoniella arborescens

Salpianthus

Salpianthus purpurascens

Ouratea

Ouratea mexicana

Ximenia

Ximenia americana – ciruelillo

Forestiera

Forestiera reticulata
Forestiera rhamnifolia

Fraxinus

Fraxinus uhdei:[5][6][9] cloud forest

Osmanthus

Osmanthus americanus

Epilobium

Epilobium bonplandianum

Fuchsia

Fuchsia arborescens:[6] cloud forest
Fuchsia cylindracea
Fuchsia decidua
Fuchsia fulgens – aretillo, chichile
Fuchsia microphylla subsp. microphylla – coralillo, aretillo
Fuchsia obconica
Fuchsia thymifolia subsp. thymifolia

Gaura

Gaura hexandra

Lopezia

Lopezia miniata subsp. miniata
Lopezia racemosa subsp. racemosa – alfilerillo
Lopezia riesenbachia
Lopezia semeiandra

Ludwigia

Ludwigia decurrens
Ludwigia octovalvis – calavera

Oenothera

Oenothera kunthiana
Oenothera pubescens – linda tarde
Oenothera purpusii
Oenothera rosea – hierba del golpe, linda artardecer

Agonandra

Agonandra racemosa

Oxalis

Oxalis alpina
Oxalis corniculata
Oxalis galeottii
Oxalis hernandesii
Oxalis jacquiniana – cañitas
Oxalis macrocarpa

Argemone

Argemone ochroleuca – cardo santo, aceitilla, arnica blanca del campo, chicalote

Bocconia

Bocconia arborea – arbol de Juda, llora sangre
Bocconia frutescens – barbasco

Passiflora

Passiflora biflora
Passiflora exsudans
Passiflora filipes
Passiflora foetida – maracuyá silvestre
Passiflora holosericea
Passiflora jorullensis
Passiflora pavonis
Passiflora podadenia
Passiflora porphyretica var. angustifolia
Passiflora suberosa
Passiflora sp. nov. 1
Passiflora sp. nov. 2
Passiflora sp.

Martynia

Martynia annua – gatitos, toritos

Proboscidea

Proboscidea fragrans – hierba del toro

Ledenbergia

Ledenbergia macrantha

Ledenbergia

Trichostigma octandrum – bejuco negro

Peperomia

Peperomia angularis
Peperomia asarifolia
Peperomia campylotropa
Peperomia angularis – pimienta de tierra
Peperomia cyclophylla
Peperomia galioides
Peperomia glabella
Peperomia hispidula
Peperomia hoffmannii
Peperomia macrostachya
Peperomia martiana
Peperomia mexicana
Peperomia molithrix
Peperomia olivacea
Peperomia peltata
Peperomia quadrifolia
Peperomia schizandra
Peperomia tetraphylla
Peperomia sp. 1
Peperomia sp. 2
Peperomia sp. 3
Peperomia sp. 4
Peperomia sp. 5
Peperomia sp. 6

Piper

Piper abalienatum
Piper amalago – cordoncillo hoja
Piper brevipedicellatum – hierba del arlomo, hoja santa
Piper jaliscanum
Piper michelianum – hierba de arlomo
Piper novogalicianum
Piper pseudolindenii
Piper pseudofuligineum
Piper rosei – hierba del arlomo, hoja santa
Piper sanctum – acoyo, sacamantilla
Piper stipulaceum
Piper tuberculatum
Piper umbellatum – acuya, hoja santa, sacamantilla
Piper villiramulum – belencillo, cigarillo, cordoncillo
Piper sp.

Plantago

Plantago hirtella – lanten

Plumbago

Plumbago scandens – flor de pegajoso, hierba del cancer, pegajoso

Podostemon

Podostemon ceratophyllum

Parathesis

Parathesis villosa:[6] cloud forest

Rhamnus

Rhamnus hintonii:[6] cloud forest

Alchemilla

Alchemilla aphanoides[9]

Crataegus

Crataegus mexicana or Crataegus pubescens[9] – Mexican hawthorn, tejocote, manzanita, tejocotera

Photinia

Photinia parviflora:[6] gallery forest

Prunus

Prunus cortapico:[6] cloud forest, pine-oak forest
Prunus serotina[5] – black cherry

Rubus

Rubus adenotrichos:[6] secondary vegetation

Balmea

Balmea stormiae:[6] gallery forest

Chiococca

Chiococca pachyphylla:[6] gallery forest

Rondeletia

Rondeletia manantlanensis:[6] cloud forest

Meliosma

Meliosma dentata:[6] cloud forest

Populus

Populus guzmanantlensis[11]

Salix

Salix bonplandiana[5]
Salix microphylla:[6] gallery forest
Salix paradoxa[5]

Xylosma

Xylosma flexuosa:[6][9] cloud forest

Arceuthobium

Arceuthobium globosum: vine

Phoradendron

Phoradendron amplifolium: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron brachystachyum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron carneum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron commutatum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron falcatum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron longifolium: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron olivae: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron quadrangulare: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron olivae: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron reichenbachianum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron robinsonii: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron scaberrimum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron tetrapterum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron velutinum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron vernicosum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe

Acer

Acer saccharum subsp. skutchii:[12] tree – sugar maple, algodoncillo – disjunct relict of a much more northern species

Solanum

Solanum aligerum[6]

Styrax

Styrax argenteus:[5][6] cloud forest
Styrax ramirezii[9]

Symplocos

Symplocos citraea[5][9]

Cleyera

Cleyera integrifolia:[6] cloud forest, gallery forest

Symplococarpon

Symplococarpon purpussi:[5][6] cloud forest

Ternstroemia

Ternstroemia lineata[5][9] – chico curioso

Tilia

Tilia mexicana or Tilia americana var. mexicana:[5][6] cloud forest – sirimo

Triumfetta

Triumfetta barbosa:[6] cloud forest

Aphanante

Aphanante monoica[5]

Cecropia

Cecropia obtusifolia[5]

Citharexylum

Citharexylum mocinoi:[6] cloud forest

Lippia

Lippia umbellata:[6][9] cloud forest

Verbena

Verbena carolina[6]

Hybanthus

Hybanthus attenuatus: herb
Hybanthus elatus: herb
Hybanthus mexicanus: herb

Viola

Viola grahamii: herb
Viola oxyodontis: herb

Ampelocissus

Ampelocissus acapulcensis: vine

Ampelopsis

Ampelopsis mexicana: vine

Cissus

Cissus cucurbitina: vine
Cissus rhombifolia: vine – bejuco de agua, parilla, uva
Cissus verticillata: vine – parilla

Parthenocissus

Parthenocissus quinquefolia: vine – Virginia creeper

Vitis

Vitis tiliifolia: vine – uva

Guaiacum

Guaiacum coulteri:[5] tree – lignum vitae, palo fierro

Kallstroemia

Kallstroemia maxima: shrub
Kallstroemia rosei: shrub

Tribulus

Tribulus cistoides: shrub

Notes

http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/latin-america-and-the-caribbean/mexico/sierra-de-manantian/
Vazquez, J. A., et al. (1995). Flora de Manantlán, BRIT Press.
http://unibio.unam.mx/
http://www.tropicos.org/
Jardel Peláez, Enrique J., Gerardo Vélica Zúñiga, Oscar E. Balcázar Medina, Ramón Cuevas Guzmán, Eduardo Santana Castellón, Luis Manuel Martínez Rivera (2013). "Determinación De La Subzonificacion De La Reserva De La Biosfera Sierra De Manantlan". Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales-IMECBIO, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, En colaboración con Dirección de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Autlán, Jalisco. February 2013
Figueroa-Rangel, B. L., et al. (2008). "4200 Years of Pine‐dominated Upland Forest Dynamics in West‐central Mexico: Human or Natural Legacy." Ecology 89(7): 1893-1907
Balcazar Medina, Oscar Enrique, 2011. "Patrones geoecologicos de indendios forestales en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlan". Tesis Universidad de Guadalajara
Cassell, B. A. (2012). Fire History of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve in Western México, University of Washington.
Olvera-Vargas, M., et al. (2010). "Is there environmental differentiation in the Quercus-dominated forests of west-central Mexico?" Plant Ecology 211(2): 321-335.
Cerano-Paredes, J, J. Villanueva-Díaz, R. Cervantes-Martínez, P. Fulé, L. Yocom, G. Esquivel-Arriaga, E. Jardel-Peláez 2015. Historia de incendios en un bosque de pino de la sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco, México. BOSQUE 36(1): 41-52, 2015 DOI: 10.4067/S0717-92002015000100005
Vazquez, Antonio and Ramon Cuevas (1989). "Una Nueva Especie Tropical De Populus (Sallcaceae) De La Sierra De Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico". Acta Botánica Mexicana 8:39-45
Vargas-Rodriguez, Y. L. and W. J. Platt (2012). "Remnant sugar maple (Acer saccharum subsp. skutchii) populations at their range edge: Characteristics, environmental constraints and conservation implications in tropical America." Biological Conservation 150(1): 111-120.

References

Balcazar Medina, Oscar Enrique, 2011. "Patrones geoecologicos de indendios forestales en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlan". Tesis Universidad de Guadalajara
Cassell, B. A. (2012). "Fire History of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve in Western México", University of Washington.
Cerano-Paredes, J, J. Villanueva-Díaz, R. Cervantes-Martínez, P. Fulé, L. Yocom, G. Esquivel-Arriaga, E. Jardel-Peláez 2015. "Historia de incendios en un bosque de pino de la sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco, México". Bosque 36(1): 41-52, 2015 doi:10.4067/S0717-92002015000100005
Figueroa-Rangel, B. L., et al. (2008). "4200 Years of Pine‐dominated Upland Forest Dynamics in West‐central Mexico: Human or Natural Legacy". Ecology 89(7): 1893-1907
Jardel Peláez, Enrique J., Gerardo Vélica Zúñiga, Oscar E. Balcázar Medina, Ramón Cuevas Guzmán, Eduardo Santana Castellón, Luis Manuel Martínez Rivera (2013). "Determinación De La Subzonificacion De La Reserva De La Biosfera Sierra De Manantlan". Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales-IMECBIO, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, En colaboración con Dirección de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Autlán, Jalisco. February 2013
Olvera-Vargas, M., et al. (2010). "Is there environmental differentiation in the Quercus-dominated forests of west-central Mexico?" Plant Ecology 211(2): 321-335.
Vargas-Rodriguez, Y. L. and W. J. Platt (2012). "Remnant sugar maple (Acer saccharum subsp. skutchii) populations at their range edge: Characteristics, environmental constraints and conservation implications in tropical America". Biological Conservation 150(1): 111-120.
Vazquez, Antonio and Ramon Cuevas (1989). "Una Nueva Especie Tropical De Populus (Sallcaceae) De La Sierra De Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico". Acta Botánica Mexicana 8:39-45
Vazquez, J. A., R. Cuevas, T. S. Cochrane, H. H. Iltis, F. J. Santana, and L. Guzman (1995). Flora de Manantlán, BRIT Press.

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[1] ttp://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/latin-america-and-the-caribbean/mexico/sierra-de-manantian/

[Vazquez1995-2] Vazquez, J. A., et al. (1995). Flora de Manantlán, BRIT Press.

[unam-3] ttp://unibio.unam.mx/

[tropicos-4] ttp://www.tropicos.org/

[Jardel2013-5] Jardel Peláez, Enrique J., Gerardo Vélica Zúñiga, Oscar E. Balcázar Medina, Ramón Cuevas Guzmán, Eduardo Santana Castellón, Luis Manuel Martínez Rivera (2013). "Determinación De La Subzonificacion De La Reserva De La Biosfera Sierra De Manantlan". Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales-IMECBIO, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, En colaboración con Dirección de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Autlán, Jalisco. February 2013

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[Cassell2012-8] Cassell, B. A. (2012). Fire History of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve in Western México, University of Washington.

[Olvera2010-9] Olvera-Vargas, M., et al. (2010). "Is there environmental differentiation in the Quercus-dominated forests of west-central Mexico?" Plant Ecology 211(2): 321-335.

[Cerano2015-10] Cerano-Paredes, J, J. Villanueva-Díaz, R. Cervantes-Martínez, P. Fulé, L. Yocom, G. Esquivel-Arriaga, E. Jardel-Peláez 2015. Historia de incendios en un bosque de pino de la sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco, México. BOSQUE 36(1): 41-52, 2015 DOI: 10.4067/S0717-92002015000100005

[Vazquez1989-11] Vazquez, Antonio and Ramon Cuevas (1989). "Una Nueva Especie Tropical De Populus (Sallcaceae) De La Sierra De Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico". Acta Botánica Mexicana 8:39-45

[Vargas2012-12] Vargas-Rodriguez, Y. L. and W. J. Platt (2012). "Remnant sugar maple (Acer saccharum subsp. skutchii) populations at their range edge: Characteristics, environmental constraints and conservation implications in tropical America." Biological Conservation 150(1): 111-120.