1998 in paleontology

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1998.

List of years in paleontology (table)
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In science 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
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Arthropods

Insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Acanthostichus hispaniolicus[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	A Dorylinae ant	Acanthostichus hispaniolicus
Carabus neli[3]	Sp nov.	valid	Deuve	Turolian	Montagne d'Andance	France	A ground beetle	Carabus neli
Cylindromyrmex antillanus[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	A Dorylinae ant	Cylindromyrmex antillanus
Ledouxnebria[3]	Gen et sp nov.	valid	Deuve	Turolian	Montagne d'Andance	France	A ground beetle	Ledouxnebria brisaci

Molluscs

Bivalves

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Pojetaia sarhroensis[5]	sp nov	Valid	Geyer & Streng	Early Cambrian	Anti-Atlas mountains	Morocco	Early Cambrian Fordillidae bivalve

Amphibians

newly named anurans

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Rhadinosteus[6]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Henrici	Kimmeridgian	Morrison Formation	USA	A possible Rhinophrynidae frog

Archosauromorpha

Dinosaurs

• A paper in the journal Nature is published by Karen Chin and others announcing the earlier discovery of a "king-sized coprolite" attributed to Tyrannosaurus rex.
• Lourinhasaurus gastroliths documented.[7]
• Cedarosaurus gastroliths documented.[8]
• Caudipteryx gastroliths documented.[9]
• Volunteers from the Denver Museum of Natural History discovered Tony's Bone Bed in the Cedar Mountain Formation's Poison Strip Member.[10]

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[11]

Name	Status	Authors		Location	Notes	Images
Altirhinus[12]	Valid taxon	David Norman		Mongolia		Caudipteryx Cristatusaurus Gargoyleosaurus Gastonia Lourinhanosaurus Megaraptor Rahonavis Scipionyx Shuvuuia Suchomimus Tianzhenosaurus Variraptor Zuniceratops
''Augustia''	Preoccupied	Bonaparte Zariquiey
Camposaurus[13]	Valid taxon	Hunt, Lucas, Heckert,	Sullivan, and Lockley
Caseosaurus[13]	Valid taxon	Hunt, Lucas, Heckert,	Sullivan, and Lockley	USA ( New Mexico and  Texas)
Caudipteryx[14]	Valid taxon	Ji Q., Phillip Currie,	Mark Norell and Ji S.	China
Cristatusaurus[15]	Valid taxon	Philippe Taquet	Dale A. Russell
Eobrontosaurus[16]	Valid taxon. Now Synonym of Brontosaurus	Robert Bakker
Eolambia[17]	Valid taxon	James Kirkland		USA ( Utah)
Gargoyleosaurus[18]	Valid taxon	Kenneth Carpenter Miles	Cloward	USA ( Wyoming)
Gastonia[19]	Valid taxon	James Kirkland		USA ( Utah)
Gongxianosaurus[20]	Valid taxon	He, Wang C., Liu S., Zhou F.,	Liu T., Cai and Dai	China
Histriasaurus[21]	Valid taxon	Dalla Vecchia		Croatia
Lourinhanosaurus[22]	Valid taxon	Mateus		Portugal
Lourinhasaurus[23]	Valid taxon	Dantas, Sanz, Da Silva,	Ortega, Dos Santos and Cachao	Portugal
Megaraptor[24]	Valid taxon	Novas		Argentina
Nedcolbertia[25]	Valid taxon	James Kirkland, Britt, Whittle,	S. K. Madsen and Burge	USA ( Utah)
Notohypsilophodon[26]	Valid taxon	Martínez		Argentina
Ozraptor[27]	Valid taxon	J. A. Long and	Ralph Molnar	Australia
Protohadros[28]	Valid taxon	Head		USA ( Texas)
''Rahona''[29]	Preoccupied	Forster Sampson	Luis M. Chiappe and Krause
Rahonavis[30]	Valid taxon	Forster, Sampson,	Luis M. Chiappe and Krause	Madagascar
Scipionyx[31]	Valid taxon	Dal Sasso and	Signore	Italy
Shanxia[32]	Valid taxon	Barrett, You,	Upchurch and Burton	China
Shuvuuia[33]	Valid taxon	Luis M. Chiappe, Mark Norell and	Clark	Mongolia
Sonorasaurus[34]	Valid taxon	Ratkevich, Sidor, Varricchio,	G. P. Wilson and Jeffrey A. Wilson.	USA ( Arizona)
Suchomimus	Valid taxon	An African spinosaurs	Sereno et al. 1998	Niger
Tianzhenosaurus[35]	Valid taxon	Pang and	Cheng Z.	China
Variraptor[36]	Valid taxon	Le Loeuff and	Buffetaut	France
Zuniceratops[37]	Valid taxon	Wolfe and	James Kirkland	USA ( New Mexico)

Newly named birds

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Abavornis bonapartei [38]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Andrei V. Panteleyev	Late Cretaceous	Coniacian, Bissekty Formation	Uzbekistan	An Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus.
Actitis balcanica [39]	Sp. nov.	Valid ?	Zlatozar N. Boev	Late Pliocene	MN 17	Bulgaria	A Scolopacidae?, the holotypical tarsometatarsus looks more like a Charadriidae.
Aizenogyps toomeyae [40]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Steven D. Emslie	Late Pliocene	Late Blancan	USA:  Florida	A Cathartidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
Anhinga beckeri [40]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Steven D. Emslie	Early Pliocene	Late-Early Irvingtonian	USA:  Florida	An Anhingidae.
Basityto rummeli [41]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Jiří Mlíkovský	Early Miocene	MN 2-3	Germany:  Bavaria	A Gruidae, transferred to the genus Balearica by Mourer-Chauviré in 2001,[42] this is the type species of the new genus.
Buteo sanya [43]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Hou Lianhai	Late Pleistocene	Cave Deposits	China	An Accipitridae.
Buteo spassovi [44]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Zlatozar N. Boev	Late Miocene	MN 11-12	Bulgaria	An Accipitridae.
Catenoleimus anachoretus [38]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Andrei V. Panteleyev	Late Cretaceous	Coniacian	Uzbekistan	An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Euenantiornithes Incertae Sedis, this is the type species of the new genus.
Chloephaga robusta [45]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Claudia P. Tambussi	Middle-Late Pliocene	Irene Formation	Argentina	An Anatidae.
Coccothraustes balcanicus [46]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Zlatozar N. Boev	Late Pliocene	MN 18	Bulgaria	A Fringillidae.
Coccothraustes simeonovi [46]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Zlatozar N. Boev	Late Pliocene	MN 17	Bulgaria	A Fringillidae.
Diamantornis spaggiarii [47]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Brigitte Senut Yannicke Dauphin Martin Pickford	Early Middle Miocene	Karingarab	Namibia	A Struthionidae, eggshells.
Explorornis nessovi [38]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Andrei V. Panteleyev	Late Cretaceous	Coniacian, Bissekty Formation	Uzbekistan	An Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus.
Gargantuavis philoinos [48]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Eric Buffetaut Jean Le Loeuff	Late Cretaceous	Late Campanian-Early Maastrichtian, Marnes de la Maurine Formation	France	An Ornithothoraces, this is the type species of the new genus.
Gavia schultzi [49]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Jiří Mlíkovský	Middle Miocene	MN 7	Austria:  Burgenland	A Gaviidae.
Geronticus balcanicus [50]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Zlatozar N. Boev	Late Pliocene, MN 18	Slivnica	Bulgaria	A Threskiornithidae.
Glaucidium explorator [40]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Steven D. Emslie	Late Pliocene	Florida	USA:  Florida	A Strigidae.
Gracilitarsus mirabilis [51]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	A Piciformes, Gracilitarsidae G. Mayr, 2001, this is the type species of the new genus.
Hassiavis laticauda [52]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	An Apodiformes, ?Archaeotrogonidae Mourer-Chauviré, 1980, this is the type species of the new genus.
Incolornis silvae [38]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Andrei V. Panteleyev	Late Cretaceous	Coniacian, Bissekty Formation	Uzbekistan	An Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus.
Intulula tinnipara [53]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Jirí Mlíkovský	Early Miocene	MN 2a	Czech Republic;  Germany:  Bavaria	A Strigidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
Masillacolius brevidactylus [54]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr Dieter S. Peters	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	A Coliidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
Messelirrisor halcyrostris [51]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	An Upupiformes, Laurillardiidae Harrison, 1979.
Messelirrisor parvus [51]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	An Upupiformes, Laurillardiidae Harrison, 1979, this is the type species of the new genus.
Mioglaux debellatrix [53]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Jirí Mlíkovský	Early Miocene	MN 3	Czech Republic	A Strigidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
Miopico benimellalensis [51]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Miocene	Beni Mellal	Morocco	A Miopiconidae G. Mayr, 1998, this is the type species of the new genus.
Palaelodus pledgei [55]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Robert F. Baird Patricia Vickers Rich	Late Oligocene - Middle Miocene	Etadunna Formation	Australia:  South Australia	A Phoenicopteriformes, Palaelodidae Stejneger, 1885.
Palaelodus wilsoni [55]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Robert F. Baird Patricia Vickers Rich	Late Oligocene - Middle Miocene	Etadunna Formation	Australia:  South Australia	A Phoenicopteriformes, Palaelodidae Stejneger, 1885.
?Primozygodactylus ballmanni [51]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971, not surely a Primozygodactylus.
Primozygodactylus danielsi [51]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971, this is the type species of the new genus.
Primozygodactylus major [51]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971.
Pseudastur macrocephalus [56]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	A Halcyornithidae Harrison et Walker, 1972. The genus Pseudastur is preoccupied and replaced by Pseudasturides Mayr, 2004, this is the type species of both genera.[57]
Psittacopes lepidus [58]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr ppMichael Daniels	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	A stem Psittaciformes, this is the type species of the new genus.
Quasisyndactylus longibrachis [59]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany:  Hessen	An Alcediniformes Incertae Sedis, this is the type species of the new genus.
Rostratula pulia [60]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Jíří Mlíkovský	Early Miocene	MN 4b	Czech Republic	A Rostratulidae.
Scolopax hutchensi [40]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Steven D. Emslie	Late Pliocene	Florida	USA:  Florida	A Scolopacidae.
Struthio karingarabensis [47]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Brigitte Senut Yannicke Dauphin Martin Pickford	Early Miocene	Karingarab	Namibia	A Struthionidae, eggshells.
Tetrao rhodopensis [61]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Zlatozar N. Boev	Early Pliocene	MN 14	Bulgaria	A Phasianidae.
Xenopsitta fejfari [62]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Jiří Mlíkovský	Early Miocene	MN 3	Czech Republic	A Psittacidae, this is the type species of the new genus.

Pterosaurs

New taxa

Name Status Authors Notes "Dendrorhynchus" Valid Ji S.-A. Ji Q. Normannognathus Valid Buffetaut Lepage, J.-J. Lepage, G.

References

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