2005 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2005.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2005 in paleontology. |
Plants
Newly named plants
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
dubious |
Li |
Early Cretaceous |
Jianshangou Formation |
The type species is Archaeamphora longicervia |
| ||
sp nov |
Valid |
Radtke, Pigg, & Wehr |
Klondike Mountain Formation, Washington |
Oldest confirmed member of the genus Fothergilla |
| |||
sp nov |
Valid |
Radtke, Pigg, & Wehr |
Klondike Mountain Formation, Washington |
One of the oldest occurrences of Corylopsis |
||||
Gen et Sp nov |
Valid |
Pigg & DeVore |
Middle Miocene |
"Yakima Canyon Flora" |
A crape myrtle relative, type species S. grahamae |
|||
sp nov |
valid |
Denk & Dillhoff |
Ypresian |
An elm, also found in other British Columbian sites and Washington State |
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Protozoa
New taxa
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
Poinar |
Oldest record of the vector association |
| ||||
Arthropoda
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Lapolla |
Dominican amber, Hispaniola |
Oldest record of trophophoresy in ants |
| |||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Menon, Martins-Neto, Martill |
A nymphid lacewing |
|||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Engel & Grimaldi |
Canadian amber |
A possible Aneuretinae ant. Type sp. C. occidentalis |
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Culex malariager |
Sp nov |
valid |
Poinar |
A mosquito, a vector of Plasmodium dominicana |
| |||
Ge et sp nov |
Valid |
Archibald |
"Tranquille Shale", British Columbia |
Six species named D. andersoni, D. dowsonae, |
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Eorhachiberotha[11] |
Gen et sp nov |
homonym |
Nel Et al. |
Oise amber |
A rhachiberothide lacewing, |
| ||
Halitherses[13] |
Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Giribet & Dunlop |
An ortholasmatine nemastomatid harvestman. Type species is H. grimaldii |
||||
Jeanlegrandia[14] |
Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Nel, Petrulevicius, & Jarzembowski |
A Libellulid dragonfly, |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Engel & Grimaldi |
A unplaced crown group ant. Type sp. M. gracilis |
| ||||
Gen et comb nov |
valid |
Nel Et al. |
Oise amber |
A rhachiberothide lacewing, |
| |||
Gen et sp nov |
jr synonym |
Engel & Grimaldi |
Cenomanian |
Burmese amber |
A stem group ant, |
| ||
Sp nov |
Valid |
Poinar |
Dominican amber, Hispaniola |
Oldest record of the vector |
| |||
Xiphosurans
- Fossils of Lunataspis, the earliest known xiphosuran, are discovered in Canada. It was not given a formal description until 2008, however.
Plesiosaurs
New taxa
|
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Archosauromorphs
Newly named Non-Avian dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[15]
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Appalachiosaurus[16] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | USA | A Tyrannosaurid from Appalachia | |
Archaeodontosaurus | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic | Madagascar | An early Sauropod | |
Auroraceratops | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China | ||
"Bakesaurus" | Nomen nudum |
|
||||
Baurutitan | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Brazil | ||
Brachytrachelopan[17] | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic | Argentina | A short necked Sauropod | |
Buitreraptor[18] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina | A small fish eating raptor | |
Cathartesaura | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina | ||
Changchunsaurus[19] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China | a primitive Ornithopod | |
Chebsaurus[20] | Valid taxon |
|
from Middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic | Algeria | ||
Condorraptor[21] | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic | Argentina | ||
Daanosaurus[22] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Jurassic | China | ||
Dashanpusaurus | Valid taxon |
|
from middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic | China | ||
Dubreuillosaurus | Valid taxon |
|
France | |||
Falcarius[23] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | USA | An early Therizinosaur | |
Ferganocephale[24] | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic | Kyrgyzstan | An early Pachycephalosaur | |
"Galveosaurus"[25] | Junior synonym |
|
Junior synonym of Galvesaurus. | |||
Galvesaurus |
Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | Spain | ||
Hagryphus | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Canada | ||
Hexinlusaurus | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic | China | ||
Hungarosaurus[26] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Hungary | ||
Jinfengopteryx[27] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China | ||
Karongasaurus[28] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | Malawi | ||
Lanzhousaurus | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China | ||
Nemegtomaia | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Mongolia | ||
Neuquenraptor[29] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina |
May be a subjective junior synonym of Unenlagia. | |
Pedopenna[30] | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic | China | ||
Penelopognathus | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China | ||
Puertasaurus | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina | ||
Shixinggia[31] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | China | ||
Stormbergia | Valid taxon |
|
Early Jurassic | Lesotho | A primitive Ornithischian | |
Tanycolagreus[32] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Jurassic | USA | A primitive Tyrannosaur | |
Trigonosaurus | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Brazil | ||
Tyrannotitan[33] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina | ||
Xinjiangovenator[34] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China | ||
Newly named birds
Name | Status | Novelty | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afrocygnus chauvireae [35] |
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Antoine Louchart Patrick Vignaud Andossa Likius Hassane Taisso Mackaye |
Late Miocene |
Anthracotheriid Unit |
An Anatidae, the oldest from Africa. |
||
Aquila nipaloides [36] |
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Antoine Louchart Claudia Bedetti Marco Pavia |
An Island Accipitridae. |
||||
Chascacocolius cacicirostris [37] |
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early Middle Eocene |
A Coliiformes, Chascacocoliidae Zelenkov et Dyke, 2008. |
||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Walter E. Boles |
A Ciconiidae. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Claudia P. Tambussi Marcelo A. Reguero Sergio A. Marenssi Sergio N. Santillana |
Late Paleocene |
Cross Valley Formation |
A Spheniscidae. |
|||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Gao Chunling Liu Jinyuan |
Early Cretaceous, Early Albian |
An Ornithurae Haeckel, 1866. This is the type species of the genus. |
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Eurofluvioviridavis robustipes [41] |
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Eocene |
MP 8; |
UK: |
A Podargiformes, Fluvioviridavidae Mayr, 2005. |
||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Walter E. Boles |
A Rallidae, in 2011 this species becomes the type species of the new genus Australlus Worthy et Boles, 2011. |
|||||
Gallirallus vekamatolu [43] |
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Jeremy J. Kirchman |
‘Eua |
A Rallidae. |
|||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Zhang Fucheng |
An Ornithuromorphae Chiappe, Ji, Ji et Norell, 1999, Hongshanornithidae O’Connor, Gao et Chiappe, 2010. This is the type species of the genus. | |||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Hiroshige Matsuoka |
Late Early Eocene |
A Fregatidae, Limnofregatinae Olson, 1977. |
||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Estelle Bourdon Baâdi Bouya Mohamed Iarochène |
A Prophaethontidae Harrison et Walker, 1976. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
An Anatidae, extinct since the 16th century. |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Oligocene |
A Parvigruidae Mayr, 2005. |
|||||
Perugyps diazi [49] |
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Marcelo Stucchi Steven D. Emslie |
A Cathartidae. |
||||
Protocypselomorphus manfredkelleri [50] |
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Middle Eocene |
A Cypselomorphae (Sensu Mayr, 2002). |
||||
?Primotrogon pumilio [51] |
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early Middle Eocene |
A Trogonidae, In 2009 Mayr creates the new genus Masillatrogon for this species and makes ?Primotrogon pumilio its type species. |
||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Santiago Claramunt Andrès Rinderknecht |
Late Pleistocene |
Coastal cliffs near Rio de la Plata estuary |
A Furnariidae. |
|||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Miquel McMinn M. Palmer Josep A. Alcover |
A Rallidae. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
USA: |
||||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
USA: |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Oligocene |
A Pici (sensu Simpson and Cracraft, 1981), family incertae sedis (confer Ramphastidae Vigors, 1825) |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Terry Harrison Charles P. Msuya |
Lower Laetoli Beds |
Known from eggshells |
||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Hou Lianhai Zhang Fu-Cheng |
Late Miocene |
Liushu Formation |
Transferred to, and made the type species of a new genus Orientornis Wang, 2008.[58] |
|||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Claudia P. Tambussi Jorge L. Noriega Richard A. Ketcham |
Middle to Late Maastrichtian |
An ?Anseriformes. This is the type species of the genus. |
Newly named pterosaurs
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
|
Upper Cretaceous |
The type species is Bakonydraco galaczi. |
||||
Valid |
|
Lower Cretaceous |
The type species is Boreopterus cuiae. | ||||
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Caulkicephalus trimicrodon. | ||||
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Eoazhdarcho liaoxiensis. | ||||
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Eopteranodon lii. | ||||
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Feilongus youngi. | ||||
Synonym |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Huaxiapterus jii. Huaxiapterus is a junior synonym of Sinopterus[67] | ||||
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Liaoxipterus brachyognathus. | ||||
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Nurhachius ignaciobritoi. | ||||
Synonym |
|
The type species is Paranurognathus tischlingeri. Paranurognathus is a junior synonym of Anurognathus. |
Synapsids
Non-mammalian
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
|
Upper Triassic |
The type species is Irajatherium hernadezi. |
||||
Valid |
|
Triassic |
Magygen Formation |
The type species is Madysaurus sharovi. | |||
Valid |
|
Lower Triassic |
The type species is Putillosaurus sennikovi. |
Footnotes
Complete author list
As science becomes more collaborative, papers with large numbers of authors are becoming more common. To prevent the deformation of the tables, these footnotes list the contributors to papers that erect new genera and have many authors.
References
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- Makovicky P.J.; Apesteguia S.; Agnolin F.L. (2005). "The earliest dromaeosaurid theropod from South America". Nature. 437 (7061): 1007–1011. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1007M. doi:10.1038/nature03996. PMID 16222297.
- Zan S.-Q.; Chen J.; Jin L.-Y.; Li T. (2005). "A primitive ornithopod from the Early Cretaceous Quantou Formation of central Jilin, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 43: 182–193. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2005.03.003.
- Mahammed, F., E. Läng, L. Mami, L. Mekahl, M. Benhamou, B. Bouterfa, A. Kacemi, S.-A. Chérief, H. Chaouati, and P. Taquet. 2005. The ‘Giant of sour’, a Middle Jurassic sauropod dinosaur from Algeria. Systematic Palaeontology (Vertebrate Palaeontology) Paleovol/Elsevier.
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- Gerald Mayr (2005). "A New Eocene Chascacocolius-like Mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with a Remarkable Gaping Adaptation" (PDF). Organisms, Diversity & Evolution. 5 (3): 167–171. doi:10.1016/j.ode.2004.10.013.
- Walter E. Boles (2005). "A Review of the Australian Fossil Storks of the Genus Ciconia (Aves: Ciconiidae), with the Description of a New Species" (PDF). Records of the Australian Museum. 57 (2): 165–178. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.57.2005.1440.
- Claudia P. Tambussi; Marcelo A. Reguero; Sergio A. Marenssi; Sergio N. Santillana (2005). "Crossvallia unienwillia, a New Sphenicidae (Sphenisciformes, Aves) from the Late Paleocene of Antarctica". Geobios. 38 (5): 667–675. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2004.02.003.
- Gao Chunling; Liu Jinyuan (2005). "A new avian taxon from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of western Liaoning". Global Geology. 24 (4): 313–316.
- Gerald Mayr (2005). "A Fluvioviridavis-like Bird from the Middle Eocene of Messel, Germany". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 42 (11): 2021–2037. Bibcode:2005CaJES..42.2021M. doi:10.1139/e05-060.
- Walter E. Boles (2005). "A New Flightless Gallinule (Aves: Rallidae: Gallinula) from the Oligo-Miocene of Riversleigh, Northwestern Queensland, Australia" (PDF). Records of the Australian Museum. 57 (2): 179–190. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.57.2005.1441.
- Jeremy J. Kirchman; David W. Steadman (2005). "Rails (Aves: Rallidae: Gallirallus) from Prehistoric Sites in the Kingdom of Tonga, Including a Description of a New Species". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 118 (2): 465–477. doi:10.2988/0006-324x(2005)118[465:rargfp]2.0.co;2.
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