19th Street Oakland station

19th Street Oakland station is an underground Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) station located under Broadway between 17th Street and 20th Street in the Uptown District of Oakland, California. It is a timed transfer point between northbound trains to Richmond and to Antioch. It is the busiest BART station in both Oakland and the East Bay, and the 5th busiest BART station overall, with a daily ridership of approximately 14,300 in February 2020.[1]

19th Street Oakland
Two northbound trains at the upper level platform in 2018
Location1900 Broadway, Oakland, California
Coordinates37.807869°N 122.26898°W / 37.807869; -122.26898
Line(s)BART K-Line
Platforms1 side platform, 1 island platform
Tracks3
Connections AC Transit: Broadway Shuttle, NL, Tempo, 6, 12, 18, 33, 51A, 72, 72M, 72R, 611, 705, 800, 802, 805, 851
Construction
Bicycle facilitiesRacks, bike station, lockers
Disabled accessYes
History
OpenedSeptember 11, 1972
Passengers
202014,267 (weekday average)[1]
Services
Preceding station Bay Area Rapid Transit Following station
12th Street Oakland City Center
toward Millbrae
 Richmond–​Millbrae MacArthur
toward Richmond
12th Street Oakland City Center
toward Berryessa/​North San José
 Berryessa/​North San José–​Richmond
12th Street Oakland City Center
toward San Francisco International Airport
 Antioch–​SFO/​Millbrae MacArthur
toward Antioch via Pittsburg/​Bay Point
Preceding station AC Transit Following station
14th Street
towards San Leandro BART
 Tempo (1T) Terminus
Location

The station has three underground levels, with tracks on the second and third levels. It is served by the Richmond–Millbrae line, Berryessa/North San José–Richmond line, and Antioch–SFO/Millbrae line, as well as by AC Transit buses on the surface at the Uptown Transit Center.

The station opened in 1972 as part of the first section of BART. In 1980–1986, the KE Track project added the third track to the station. Changes during the 2010s included public art at one entrance, a new canopy at another entrance, and opening of a bike station. A modernization project, which began in 2019, includes new elevators and reopened public restrooms. Tempo bus rapid transit service began in 2020.

Station layout
The mezzanine-level entrance to 1970 Broadway

The station has three underground levels. The first level is a concourse with ticket machines and faregates. An island platform and two main tracks (C1 and CX) for northbound trains (bound for Richmond and Antioch) are on the second level. A side platform with one track (C2) for southbound trains (bound for Berryessa/​North San José or San Francisco) is on the third level.[2][3] The station has blue brickwork, contrasting with the red of nearby 12th Street Oakland City Center station.[4]

The station has six public entrances: two at 20th Street, two at 19th Street, and two at 17th Street (one in an alley connecting to Telegraph Avenue).[2] A surface elevator is located near 17th Street on the east side of Broadway; the platform elevator is at the south end of the station.[2][5]:13 There is a direct entrance from the mezzanine level to the 1970 Broadway building, as well as a disused entrance to 1955 Broadway.[5]:15 A 130-space valet parking bike station is located in a storefront at 19th Street, across Broadway from a station entrance.[6]

Street level Entrances/exits
Mezzanine Faregates, ticket machines, Oakland City Center entrance/exit
Northbound (CX) →      Antioch–​SFO/​Millbrae toward Antioch (MacArthur) →
Island platform
Northbound (C1) →      Richmond–​Millbrae toward Richmond (MacArthur) →
→      Berryessa/​North San José–​Richmond toward Richmond (MacArthur) →
Side platform
Southbound (C2) ←      Antioch–​SFO/​Millbrae toward SFO (12th Street Oakland City Center)
←      Richmond–​Millbrae toward Millbrae weekdays, Daly City Saturdays (12th Street Oakland City Center)
←      Berryessa/​North San José–​Richmond toward Berryessa/​North San José (12th Street Oakland City Center)

History
A 1960s model of the station
The 2015-built canopy at the 20th Street entrance

19th Street Oakland station, along with Oakland City Center/12th Street and Daly City stations, was designed by Gerard McCue and Associates.[7] The station opened on September 11, 1972, as part of the first section of BART to open; service was extended to Richmond the next year. Service to Concord was added on May 21, 1973, and extended to San Francisco through the Transbay Tube on September 16, 1974. Richmond–San Francisco service was added on April 19, 1976.[8]

The station initially had one side platform on each level, with one track on the east side of each platform. The KE Track project, begun in 1980 and completed on March 17, 1986, converted the upper platform to an island platform with a new west track (Track CX).[9][3] The new track was originally used for peak hour service (southbound towards San Francisco in the morning, and northbound in the evening).[10]

Schedule changes on June 22, 1992, introduced timed transfers between Richmond–Fremont line and Concord–Daly City line trains; Oakland City Center/12th Street was the transfer point between northbound (Richmond-bound and Concord-bound) trains, while MacArthur station was the transfer point between southbound trains.[11][8]:35 On September 13, 2010, the northbound transfer location was changed to 19th Street Oakland station.[12]

The Telegraph Avenue entrance was closed from October 14, 2013 to September 30, 2014 for renovations by the City of Oakland.[13] The work included the installation of a kinechromatic sculpture, Shifting Topographies, by Dan Corson. The artwork consists of topographic countour layers of high-density foam coated with a color-shifting paint, which changes hue based on the sun angle and viewing angle.[14][15] The entrance was closed again from February 3 to March 6, 2015, for the installation of colored glass panels covering vent shafts adjacent to the entrance.[16][15] Shifting Topographies was damaged by fire on March 8, 2020.[17]

In 2013, BART began design of a prototype glass canopy for the station entrance on the northeast corner of 20th Street and Broadway. The canopy would protect the escalator from weather damage, improve lighting, and allow the escalator to be fully closed off when the station is not open.[18] The BART board voted to construct the canopy in January 2014; it was completed in March 2015 and includes real-time train arrival information screens at street level.[19][20] The canopy reduced escalator downtime by one-third, prompting the installation of similar canopies at downtown San Francisco stations beginning in 2017.[21]

Construction of the Oakland–San Leandro East Bay Bus Rapid Transit line (later branded Tempo) began in August 2016.[22] Original plans had called for the line to use surface stops on 20th Street at the Uptown Transit Center.[23] However, with the Berkeley leg on Telegraph Avenue cancelled, the stops were instead built on Broadway. Tempo route 1T service began on August 9, 2020.[24]

A bike station in a storefront at 19th Street opened in February 2015.[25] By 2017, the station filled on most weekday mornings; construction of a larger station on BART-owned land at 21st Street was recommended.[6] By August 2020, BART had obtained $1.17 million of the estimated $8–9 million cost of the 400-space bike station.[26]

A 2014 study produced a conceptual design for modernization of the station.[27] A $32.7 million contract for a renovation project was awarded in July 2019. The three separate paid areas will be consolidated, new surface and platform elevators added to the north end of the station, and the 2001-closed public restrooms rebuilt and reopened.[28][29] Construction began on January 25, 2020.[30]

Uptown Transit Center
AC Transit bus at Uptown Transit Center

The surface streets around 19th Street Oakland station are a major transfer point for AC Transit buses. The Uptown Transit Center, located on 20th Street west of Broadway, consists of six large shelters built in September 2006 to improve the ease of transfers.[31][32] A number of routes stop on 20th Street shelters and/or on Broadway at the station:[33]

Tempo route 1T service uses dedicated platforms on Broadway. The southbound platform is just south of 20th Street; the northbound (terminating) platform is between 17th Street and 19th Street.[33]

References
  1. "Monthly Ridership Reports". San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. February 2020.
  2. "Station Map: 19th Street Oakland Station" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Commission. March 8, 2019.
  3. Mahon, Vincent P. "Track Rehabilitation and New Construction in An Operating Environment at BART" (PDF). Transportation Research Record. 1006: 45–54.
  4. Burks, John (September 12, 1972). "1st Day Smash Hit With Happy BART Riders". San Francisco Examiner. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. Burton, Bill; Park, Ryan; Mangonon, Anthony (August 26, 2013). "19th Street Oakland Station – Data Collection and Assessment Memorandum (Revised)" (PDF). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District.
  6. "BART Bicycle Program Capital Plan" (PDF). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. June 2017. pp. 16, 17.
  7. Cerny, Susan (2007). An Architectural Guidebook to San Francisco and the Bay Area. Gibbs Smith. pp. 501–502. ISBN 9781586854324.
  8. "BART Chronology January 1947 – March 2009" (PDF). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. March 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 13, 2013.
  9. Annual Report 1985–86. San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District – via Internet Archive.
  10. Marino, Frank (July 1986). "BART". Pacific RailNews. p. 40.
  11. Chin, Steven A. (June 12, 1992). "More, faster service slated by BART". San Francisco Examiner – via Newspapers.com.
  12. "Minor BART schedule changes on Monday, September 13" (Press release). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. August 25, 2010.
  13. "CITY OF OAKLAND TO IMPROVE 17TH STREET GATEWAY ENTRANCE AT 19TH STREET STATION" (PDF) (Press release). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. July 1, 2014.
  14. "Current Public Art Projects". City of Oakland.
  15. Corson, Dan. "Shifting Topographies".
  16. "17th St. entrance to 19th Street Station closed until March 6, 2015" (Press release). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. January 28, 2015.
  17. "Public Art in Oakland". City of Oakland. Archived from the original on September 19, 2020.
  18. "BART designing prototype escalator canopy to protect customers, employees and machinery" (Press release). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. June 27, 2013.
  19. "BART to Build New Station Entrance Canopy at 19th Street Station" (Press release). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. January 9, 2014.
  20. "BART unveils new glass canopy entrance" (Press release). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. March 6, 2015.
  21. "SF BART and Muni Escalator/Entrance Project". San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. 2017.
  22. "AC TRANSIT ANNOUNCES THE GROUNDBREAKING CEREMONY FOR THE EAST BAY BUS RAPID TRANSIT" (Press release). Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District. August 26, 2016.
  23. Federal Transit Administration; Alameda Contra Costa Transit District (January 2012). "Volume IIa, Part 3 – Plan Sheets, Downtown Oakland, Oakland Eastlake" (PDF). AC Transit East Bay BRT Project: Final Environmental Impact Statement/ Environmental Impact Report. p. OAK-12.
  24. "AC TRANSIT TEMPO OPENS TO RIDERS SUNDAY, AUGUST 9" (Press release). Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District. August 7, 2020.
  25. "New Uptown Oakland Bike Station now open" (Press release). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. February 25, 2015.
  26. "19th St Oakland Bike Station". San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  27. AECOM (October 31, 2014). "Final Report: 19th Street Oakland Station Modernization Program Conceptual Design Plan" (PDF). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District.
  28. "BART Board Moves Forward with Quality of Life Initiatives and Station Modernization" (Press release). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. July 25, 2019.
  29. "GO Uptown Gateway to Oakland Uptown: 2016 TIGER Grant Project Summary" (PDF). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. 2016.
  30. "Construction for 19th Street Oakland Station modernization set to begin" (Press release). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. January 31, 2020.
  31. "Approved Projects: Uptown Transit Center". Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District.
  32. "Uptown Transit Center Project" (PDF). NTK Construction.
  33. "Transit Stops" (PDF). Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District. August 18, 2020.
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