Alos-Sibas-Abense

Alos-Sibas-Abense (Basque: Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.

Alos-Sibas-Abense

Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine
Commune
The church of Alos
Coat of arms
Location of Alos-Sibas-Abense
Alos-Sibas-Abense
Alos-Sibas-Abense
Coordinates: 43°07′12″N 0°52′29″W
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementOloron-Sainte-Marie
CantonMontagne Basque
IntercommunalityCA Pays Basque
Government
 • Mayor (2014-2020) Jean-Pierre Iriart
Area
1
5.78 km2 (2.23 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
319
 • Density55/km2 (140/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64017 /64470
Elevation204–414 m (669–1,358 ft)
(avg. 221 m or 725 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

It is located in the former province of Soule.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aloztar-Ziboztar-Oniztar[2]

Geography

Alos-Sibas-Abense is located some 90 km south-east of Bayonne and 80m km west of Lourdes. The D918 road runs down the eastern border of the commune, but does not enter. Access to the commune is on road D247 from Alcay-Alcabehety-Sunharette in the southwest which runs through the heart of the commune to the village. It then continues to the southeast linking with the D918 at Tardets-Sorholus. Most of the commune is farmland with some forest and it has a network of country roads covering most of the commune.[3]

Hydrography

Located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, the Saison river passes along and forms the eastern border of the commune parallel with the D918 road. The Aphoura stream (18 km), which is fed by the Ardounc, the Batasse (10.1 km), the Laritolle, the Jaga, and the Uthurrotche erreka, flows near the village and to the Saisson.

Places and hamlets
  • Abense
  • Althondo
  • Ansola
  • Barnech
  • Basterrèche
  • Basterreix
  • Belle-Sise
  • Canderats
  • Choy-Cantaguia
  • Curutchet
  • Domec[4]
  • Eskiéta
  • Etchandy
  • Eyhéra
  • Hastoy
  • Mendiondoa
  • Mendisquer[4]
  • Ohix
  • La Papeterie
  • Péko Urupéa
  • Quihillaborda
  • La Salle[4]
  • Samalgagna
  • Sibas
  • Uhalte-Borde

[5]

Toponymy

The commune name in Basque is Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine.[6]

The Basque form of Sibas can be Ziboz(e) or Ziborotz(e).[7]

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan[7] suggested that Abense came from a Roman phonetic change to the Basque Oniz > onise > oénse > auénse > abense. The base of the name is the oronym ona, also present in Bayonne and Oneix. The modern Basque form (Onizegañia,[7] Onizegañe[7] or Omiz(e)[7]) are equivalent to "Upper" (gain(e)a > gañia).

Brigitte Jobbé-Duval[6] suggests that Oniz is the name of a noble Basque family.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

NameSpellingDateSourcePageOriginDescription
AlosAlos1327Orpustan
190
Village
Alos1338Orpustan
190
Alos1375Raymond
5
Luntz
Alos in terra de Soule1405Raymond
5
Gascon roles
Alos in terra de Sole1405Orpustan
190
Alos1690Orpustan
190
Alos1750Cassini
SibasSivas1178Raymond
161
DuchesneVillage
Sivas1327Orpustan
191
Sent-Martin de Silvez1520Raymond
161
Soule
Sibas1690Orpustan
191
Sivas1690Orpustan
191
Sibas1750Cassini
AbenseEvense1337Orpustan
189
Village
Abense prope Tardetz1385Raymond
2
Duchesne
Avense pres tardets1520Orpustan
189
prop Tardetz Avense1690Orpustan
189
Abense de Haut1750Cassini
Abense de Haut1793EHESS
Abeuze1801EHESSBulletin des lois
Abense-de-Haut1863Raymond
1
DomecDomec1385Raymond
55
DuchesneFief, depended on the Viscounts of Soule and its title counted as one of the ten potestats of Soule
MendisquerMenrisqueta1385Raymond
111
DuchesneFief, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule
La SalleLa Sale de Sibas1455Raymond
153
DuchesneFief, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule

Sources:

Origins:

  • Luntz:[8]
  • Soule: Customs of Soule[9]
  • Duchesne: Duchesne collection volume CXIV[10]
  • Town Hall at Alos
  • Old Hilarri at Alos
  • The Church of Sibas
  • Old Hilarri at Sibas
  • Trinity Bell Tower at the Church of Abense
  • Hilarri at Abense

History

Sibas merged with Alos on 23 October 1843 to form Alos-Sibas. On 16 April 1859, following the annexation of part of the territory of Abense-de-Haut, the commune took the name of Alos-Sibas-Abense.

On the same day the commune of Abense-de-Haut disappeared, its territory being divided between Alos-Sibas and Tardets.

Heraldry
Arms of Alos-Sibas-Abense
 The motto of the commune is "atzotik biharrera (from yesterday to tomorrow)

Blazon:
Or, a bridge of three arches argent masoned in sable over a party per fess barry wavy of 4 azure and argent and surmounted by a comma sun gules of eight arms all over a terrace in base of 3 pales; the first Or with a tower in sable turreted windows and door open; the second gules a plume argent in an inkpot sable; the third azure 3 commas argent inverted in chief.

Administration

Lists of Successive Mayors of Alos-Sibas-Abense[11]

Until 1843
Alos
FromToNamePartyPosition
17961798Alexis Carriquert
17981799Pierre Queheille
17991824Jean Bastereche
18241836Jean d'Arthex
18361845Arnaud Sallabert
Sibas
FromToNamePartyPosition
17951798Jean Carrique
17981808Philippe Etchart
18081813Jean Harritchague
18131825Jean Carrique
18251832Jean-Pierre d'Arthez-Lassalle
18321845Dominique Erbin called Etchecopar
Abense-de-Haut
FromToNamePartyPosition
17931795André Etchart
17951806Jean Althabegoity called Oliberou
18061810Arnaud Irigonegaray
18101816Jean-Baptiste Detchandy
18161824Casimir Etchebarne
18241848Jean-Baptiste Detchandy

Until 1859
Alos-Sibas
FromToNamePartyPosition
18451847Arnaud Sallabert
18471859Jules Basterreche
Abense-de-Haut
FromToNamePartyPosition
18481848André Etchart
18481852Jean Etchecopar dit Etchahoun
18521859Laurent Maytie

After 1859
Alos-Sibas-Abense
FromToNamePartyPosition
18591871Jules Basterreche
18711875Arnaud André d'Arthez Lassale
18751881Jules Basterreche
18811888Pierre Arainty
18881896Pierre Arrospidegaray
18961900Jean-Pierre Mendicouague
19001904Arnaud Ibar
19041912Arnaud Cocosteguy
19121916Bernard Larragneguy
19161918Bernard Mondot
19181919Bernard Larragneguy
19191929Jean Iriart
19291939Pierre Marmissole
19391940Joseph Etchart
19401951Pierre Marmissole
19511953Bernard Aguer
19531971Général Pierre Montjean
19711983Pierre Luchillo
19832001Pierre-Clémént Iratçabal
20012008Anne-Marie Etcheberry
20082014Jean-Pierre Iriart

Intercommunality

The town is part of six intercommunal structures:[12]

  • the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque
  • the union to support Basque culture
  • SIVOM of the canton of Tardets
  • the municipal association for the gaves of Oloron and Mauleon
  • SIVU for Tourism in Haute-Soule and Barétous
  • the AEP Union for Soule country

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 319 inhabitants. The population data given in the table and graph below for 1836 and earlier refer to the former commune of Alos, and for 1841-1851 to the former commune of Alos-Sibas.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 188—    
1800 212+1.73%
1806 218+0.47%
1821 213−0.15%
1831 223+0.46%
1836 223+0.00%
1841 360+10.05%
1846 354−0.34%
1851 316−2.25%
1856 646+15.37%
1861 565−2.64%
1866 505−2.22%
1872 527+0.71%
1876 523−0.19%
1881 538+0.57%
1886 530−0.30%
1891 536+0.23%
1896 511−0.95%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 484−1.08%
1906 463−0.88%
1911 453−0.44%
1921 437−0.36%
1926 421−0.74%
1931 415−0.29%
1936 414−0.05%
1946 401−0.32%
1954 352−1.62%
1962 368+0.56%
1968 343−1.17%
1975 361+0.73%
1982 316−1.88%
1990 309−0.28%
1999 319+0.35%
2007 269−2.11%
2012 303+2.41%
2017 319+1.03%
Source: EHESS[13] and INSEE[14]

Economy

Economic activity is mainly focused on agriculture (livestock and pasture). The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
  • Etchandia House, formerly owned by the Etchandy family.
  • La Salle d'Abense

Religious heritage

The Church of Abense contains a Processional Cross (15th century) which is registered as an historical object.[15]

Environmental heritage

The common practices Controlled burns[16] for prevention of forest fires.

Facilities

The town has an early childhood hub (Child care centre and a creche) and an Ikastola.

See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Inhabitants of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  3. Google Maps
  4. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  5. Géoportail, IGN (in French)
  6. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of Placenames - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French)
  7. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 189-191, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French)
  8. Contracts retained by Luntz, Notary of Béarn, in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  9. Customs of Soule in 1520, printed at Pau in 1760
  10. Duchesne Collection, volumes 99 to 114, containing the papers of Oihenart, former Imperial Librarian - Bibliothèque nationale de France
  11. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  12. Intercommunality of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Cellule informatique préfecture 64, consulted on 9 November 2011
  13. Données Cassini, EHESS
  14. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  15. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000028 Processional Cross (in French)
  16. Alos-Sibas-Abense Archived 2008-10-13 at the Wayback Machine
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