Arbus, Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Arbus (Arbús in Occitan) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern France.

Arbus
Commune
Arbus Village
Location of Arbus
Arbus
Arbus
Coordinates: 43°20′03″N 0°30′17″W
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementPau
CantonLescar, Gave et Terres du Pont-Long
IntercommunalityCA Pau Béarn Pyrénées
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Didier Larrieu
Area
1
13.89 km2 (5.36 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
1,205
 • Density87/km2 (220/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64037 /64230
Elevation125–284 m (410–932 ft)
(avg. 144 m or 472 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arbusiens or Arbusiennes[2]

Geography
Entry to Arbus.
Centre of the village and the Town Hall
Church of Saint-Mamer
The town

Arbus is located in the urban area of Pau 15 km to the north-west of the city and some 35 km south-east of Orthez mostly on the south bank of the Gave de Pau. Access to the commune is on the D2 road from Laroin in the south-east passing through the north of the commune to Abos in the north-west. Access to the village is by the D804 running off the D2 in the commune and continuing to Artiguelouve in the south-east and also by the D229 from the village to Parbayse in the south-west. The commune is mixed forest and farmland with large forests in the west, south, and south-east.[3]

Located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, the Gave de Pau flows through the northern part of the commune with some of its tributaries flowing through the rest of the commune: the Juscle and Baise Lasseube, as well as their tributaries, the Sibé stream, and the old Canal du Moulin which is itself joined in the commune by the Arrious stream.

Historical places and hamlets
  • Alicq[4]
  • Barraqué
  • Barrère
  • Bédat
  • Bellocq
  • Berduc
  • Bert
  • Biscar
  • Bordes
  • Candau
  • Cap d'Arrandes
  • Castaing
  • Castéra
  • Catroui
  • Chigé
  • Croutzé
  • Fages
  • Ferrou
  • Gaurrat
  • Laborde
  • Labourdette
  • Lacroix
  • Lagré
  • Lahitte
  • Lalanne
  • Laplace
  • Larribot
  • Larrieste
  • Laugary
  • Manciet
  • Monget
  • Mounes
  • Parisot
  • Pé de Lahore
  • Peyrounet
  • Pommé
  • Priou
  • Ramonteu
  • Rauly
  • Saint-Sorque
  • Sarthou
  • Serviau
  • Sibé[4]
  • Sibers
  • Tourangé
  • Les Tourne-Brides
  • Tuheil
  • Vigneau

[5]

Neighbouring communes and villages

[3]

Toponymy

The commune name in béarnais is Arbús (according to the classical norm of Occitan). According to Michel Grosclaude,[6] there is an aquitane root *arb-, meaning "grass" (close to alpe), and a collective suffix -untz giving a meaning of "a place where there is grass".

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

NameSpellingDateSourcePageOriginDescription
ArbusArbus1170Raymond
9
BarcelonaVillage
Arbuus1307Raymond
9
Orthez
Arbus1385GrosclaudeCensus
Arbus1750Cassini
AlicqAlicq1863Raymond
5
Farm
LoubagnonLooubagnon1775Raymond
104
TerrierPlace
Saint-MametSaint-Mamet1863Raymond
150
Place
SibéLe Ruisseau de Sibe1863Raymond
161
Stream, tributary of the Baïse de Lasseube

Sources:

Origins:

History

Paul Raymond on page 5 of his 1863 dictionary noted that in 1385 Arbus had 40 fires and depended on the bailiwick of Pau. The town was a dependency of the Marquisate of Gassion.[4]

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[12]

FromToNamePartyPosition
19952026Didier Larrieu

(Not all data is known)

Inter-communality

The commune of Arbus is part of eight inter-communal structures:

  • the Communauté d'agglomération Pau Béarn Pyrénées;
  • the SIVU for the management and development of the watercourses in the Baïses basin;
  • the SIVU for aged and infirm services for the Canton of Lescar;
  • the AEP association for Gave and Baïse;
  • the association for the management of the banks of the Juscle and its tributaries;
  • the association for sanitation of the communes in the valleys of the Juscle and the Baïse;
  • the Energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques ;
  • the inter-communal syndicate for defence against floods of the Gave de Pau.

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 1,205 inhabitants.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 775—    
1800 673−2.00%
1806 663−0.25%
1821 751+0.83%
1831 869+1.47%
1836 847−0.51%
1841 837−0.24%
1846 900+1.46%
1851 841−1.35%
1856 823−0.43%
1861 776−1.17%
1866 765−0.29%
1872 730−0.78%
1876 758+0.95%
1881 712−1.24%
1886 700−0.34%
1891 636−1.90%
1896 637+0.03%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 637+0.00%
1906 614−0.73%
1911 582−1.06%
1921 568−0.24%
1926 499−2.56%
1931 494−0.20%
1936 507+0.52%
1946 445−1.30%
1954 415−0.87%
1962 469+1.54%
1968 470+0.04%
1975 537+1.92%
1982 663+3.06%
1990 965+4.80%
1999 1,031+0.74%
2007 1,082+0.61%
2012 1,106+0.44%
2017 1,205+1.73%
Source: EHESS[13] and INSEE[14]

Economy

The commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Winemakers of Jurançon and of Béarn and partially in the AOC zone for Ossau-iraty.

Culture and Heritage

Religious Heritage

The Parish Church of Saint-Mamer (1868) is registered as an historical monument.[15]

Amenities

Education

The town has a primary school.[16]

Notable people linked to the commune
  • Arnaud II of Arbus[17] (or Arnaldus of Arbouze[18]) from 1303[19] to 1320[20] was Bishop of Lescar.
  • Pommiès André, born in 1904 at Bordeaux and died in 1972 at Arbus was a French military Hero of the Resistance.
  • Georges Lapassade, born in 1924 at Arbus and died in 2008 at Stains, was a philosopher and French sociologist.

See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Inhabitants of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  3. Google Maps
  4. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  5. Géoportail, IGN (in French)
  6. Michel Grosclaude, Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn, Edicions reclams & Édition Cairn - 2006, 416 pages, ISBN 2-35068-005-3 (in French)
  7. Cassini Map 1750 – Arbus
  8. Titles published in the proofs of the History of Béarn by Pierre de Marca (in French)
  9. Cartulary of Orthez called Martinet, manuscript from the 14th to the 17th centuries in the Archives of the Orthez town hall (in French)
  10. Manuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  11. Manuscript from the 18th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  12. List of Mayors of France
  13. Données Cassini, EHESS
  14. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  15. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000554 Parish Church of Saint-Mamer (in French)
  16. The Arbus School on the commune website (in French)
  17. Nominal spelling given by La Grande Encyclopédie
  18. Nominal spelling given by the Trésor de Chronologie(in French)
  19. Date given by La Grande Encyclopédie and the Trésor de Chronologie
  20. Date given by La Grande Encyclopédie
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