Banksia brunnea

Banksia brunnea is a species of low, bushy shrub that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has dark green pinnatisect leaves, heads of up to seventy pink and brownish flowers and glabrous follicles in the fruiting head.

Banksia brunnea
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Banksia
Subgenus: Banksia subg. Banksia
Series: Banksia ser. Dryandra
Species:
B. brunnea
Binomial name
Banksia brunnea
Synonyms[1]

Description

Banksia brunnea is a bushy, much-branched shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.7 m (2 ft 4 in) but does not form a lignotuber. Its leaves are dark green, 150–350 mm (5.9–13.8 in) long, 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in) wide on a petiole 15–30 mm (0.59–1.18 in) long and pinnatisect with between forty and seventy-five lobes on each side with V-shaped spaces between the lobes. The flowers are arranged in heads of between fifty-five and seventy flowers, each flower with a pink perianth 28–39 mm (1.1–1.5 in) long and a deep red pistil 41–54 mm (1.6–2.1 in) long. Flowering occurs in August and the fruit is a mostly glabrous, egg-shaped follicle 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in) long.[2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

This banksia was first formally described in 1845 by Carl Meissner who gave it the name Dryandra brownii and published the description in Lehmann's Plantae Preissianae.[4][5] In 2007 Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele transferred all the dryandras to the genus Banksia but as there was already a plant named Banksia brownii, Mast and Thiele chose the specific epithet "brunnea".[6] The specific epithet is from a Latin word meaning "brown".[7][8]

Distribution and habitat

Banksia brunnea grows in kwongan between Albany, the Stirling Range and the Fitzgerald River National Park.[2][3]

Conservation status

This species is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[2]

Ecology

An assessment of the potential impact of climate change on this species found that its range is likely to contract by between 30% and 80% by 2080, depending on the severity of the change.[9]

References
  1. "Banksia brunnea". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  2. "Banksia brunnea". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  3. George, Alex S. (1999). Flora of Australia (PDF). 17B. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. p. 357. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  4. "Dryandra brownii". APNI. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  5. Meissner, Carl; Lehmann, Johann G.C. (ed.) (1845). Plantae Preissianae. Hamburg: Sumptibus Meissneri. p. 595. Retrieved 9 April 2020.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  6. "Banksia brunnea". APNI. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  7. Mast, Austin R.; Thiele, Kevin (2007). "The transfer of Dryandra R.Br. to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (1): 63–71. doi:10.1071/SB06016.
  8. Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 151. ISBN 9780958034180.
  9. Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.; Gove, Aaron D.; Sanders, Nathan J.; Dunn, Robert R. (2008). "Climate change, plant migration, and range collapse in a global biodiversity hotspot: the Banksia (Proteaceae) of Western Australia". Global Change Biology. 14 (6): 1–16. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01559.x.
  • Cavanagh, Tony; Pieroni, Margaret (2006). The Dryandras. Melbourne: Australian Plants Society (SGAP Victoria); Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. ISBN 1-876473-54-1.
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