Hakea cygna

Hakea cygna, commonly known as the swan hakea,[2] is usually a dense shrub endemic to Western Australia with creamy-white upright flowers appearing from July to August.

Hakea cygna
Hakea cygna subsp. cygna near Tathra National Park
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Hakea
Species:
H. cygna
Binomial name
Hakea cygna
Occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium

Description

Hakea cygna is an upright non-lignotuberous shrub growing to 0.4–2 m (1–7 ft) high. The smaller branches are densely covered in flattened silky hairs at flowering time. The leaves are variable, they may be flat and thick, narrowly egg-shaped widest in the middle, more or less needle-shaped or triangular in cross-section. Leaves are smooth 2–7.5 cm (0.79–3.0 in) long and 1.2–9 mm (0.047–0.35 in) wide with prominent veins on the leaf margin. The upper side of the leaves has 1-3 obscure longitudinal veins, the underside veins barely visible. The inflorescence consists of 6-14 creamy-white flowers in racemes, appearing upright and singly in leaf axils. The cream-white pedicels are smooth, rarely with soft short flattened hairs. The perianth a cream-white and the style is 5.5–7 mm (0.22–0.28 in) long. The oval to egg-shaped fruit are 2.1–3.7 cm (0.83–1.5 in) long and 1.2–2 cm (0.47–0.79 in) wide growing at an angle on a short thick stalk. The fruit is barely beaked but has a short prominent point. The seed are pale brown with darker streaks are broadly egg-shaped to almost triangular or circular and 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in) long. Flowers appear either from May to June or August to September.[2][3][4][5][6]

Taxonomy and naming

Hakea cygna was first formally described by Byron Barnard Lamont in 1987 and published in the Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.[1] The specific epithet (cygna) is derived from the Latin word cygnus meaning "swan",[2][7] referring to the shape of the fruit believed to resemble that of a swan. Two subspecies of Hakea cygna have been recognised.

  • Hakea cygna subsp. cygna has flat, thick, linear to narrowly egg-shaped leaves 2.5–9 mm (0.098–0.35 in) wide. Restricted to an area south of Lake King.
  • Hakea cygna subsp. needlei has variable leaves either narrowly linear, needle-shaped or triangular in cross-section and 1.2–2 mm (0.047–0.079 in) wide.

Distribution and habitat

Hakea cygna is widely distributed from Geraldton to Ravensthorpe in the south-east and east to Cape Arid. Grows in heath or mallee-heath on gravelly loams, sandy loams, white yellow or grey sand, often over laterite.[3]

Conservation status

Hakea cygna subsp. needlei is classified as "Priority Two" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife[5] meaning that it is poorly known and from only one or a few locations.[8]

References
  1. "Hakea cygna". APNI. Australian National Herbarium. Retrieved 26 February 2019.
  2. Young, Jennifer (2006). "Hakeas of Western Australia:A Field and Identification Guide". J A Young. ISBN 0-9585778-2-X.
  3. Wilson (ed), Annette; Barker, Robyn M.; Haegi, Laurence A.; Barker, William R. (1999). "Flora of Australia" Volume 17B Proteaceae 3 Hakeas to Dryandra (PDF). Canberra/Melbourne: ABRS-Department of Environment & Heritage. ISBN 0-643-06454-0.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  4. Holliday, Ivan (2005). "Hakeas a Field and Garden Guide". Reed New Holland. ISBN 1-877069-14-0.
  5. "Hakea cygna". FloraBase. Western Australian Government. Retrieved 26 February 2019.
  6. Archer, William. "Hakea cygna". Esperance Wildflowers. Retrieved 26 February 2019.
  7. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 248.
  8. "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 26 February 2019.
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