Sabine County, Texas

Sabine County is a county located on the central eastern border of the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 10,834.[1] Its county seat is Hemphill.[2] The county was organized on December 14, 1837, and named for the Sabine River, which forms its eastern border.

"Sabine County" redirects here. For the administrative area in Louisiana, see Sabine Parish, Louisiana.
Sabine County
U.S. county
The Sabine County Courthouse
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 31°20′N 93°51′W
Country United States
State Texas
Founded1837
Named forSabine River
SeatHemphill
Largest cityMilam
Area
 • Total577 sq mi (1,490 km2)
 • Land491 sq mi (1,270 km2)
 • Water85 sq mi (220 km2)  15%%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total10,834
 • Density22/sq mi (8/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district1st
Websitewww.co.sabine.tx.us

Sabine County is represented in the Texas House of Representatives by Republican Chris Paddie, a radio broadcaster and former mayor of Marshall in Harrison County.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 577 square miles (1,490 km2), of which 491 square miles (1,270 km2) is land and 85 square miles (220 km2) (15%) is water.[3]

Major highways

National Protected Areas

Adjacent counties and parish

History

Like other eastern Texas counties, Sabine was originally developed as cotton plantations, which depended on the labor of numerous enslaved African Americans. After the Civil War and emancipation, many freedmen remained in the rural area, working as tenant farmers and sharecroppers. There was considerable violence by whites against blacks during and after Reconstruction. After 1877 and through the early 20th century, Sabine County had 10 lynchings of blacks by whites in acts of racial terrorism. This was the fourth-highest total in the state, where lynchings took place in nearly all counties through this period.[4]

From 1930 to 1970, the population declined as many African Americans left this rural county and other parts of the South in the Great Migration to escape Jim Crow oppression and seek better jobs, especially in Northern industrial cities and on the West Coast, where the defense industry built up beginning during World War II.

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18502,498—
18602,75010.1%
18703,25618.4%
18804,16127.8%
18904,96919.4%
19006,39428.7%
19108,58234.2%
192012,29943.3%
193011,998−2.4%
194010,896−9.2%
19508,568−21.4%
19607,302−14.8%
19707,187−1.6%
19808,70221.1%
19909,58610.2%
200010,4699.2%
201010,8343.5%
2019 (est.)10,542[5]−2.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1850–2010[7] 2010–2014[1]

As of the census[8] of 2000, there were 10,469 people, 4,485 households, and 3,157 families residing in the county. The population density was 21 people per square mile (8/km2). There were 7,659 housing units at an average density of 16 per square mile (6/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 87.85% White, 9.92% Black or African American, 0.41% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.82% from other races, and 0.88% from two or more races. 1.81% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 4,485 households, out of which 23.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.90% were married couples living together, 8.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.60% were non-families. 27.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.78.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 21.10% under the age of 18, 5.60% from 18 to 24, 21.10% from 25 to 44, 27.20% from 45 to 64, and 24.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females there were 93.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.70 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $27,198, and the median income for a family was $32,554. Males had a median income of $28,695 versus $21,141 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,821. About 11.80% of families and 15.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.90% of those under age 18 and 12.70% of those age 65 or over.

Education

The following school districts serve Sabine County:

Communities

Cities

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Historical communities
  • Bayou
  • East Mayfield
  • Fairdale
  • Gravehill
  • Pendleton
  • Plainview
  • Sabinetown
  • Tebo
  • Time
  • Vesta

Politics

Sabine County has become a solidly Republican county since the beginning of the 21st century but previously leaned Democratic, voting for Bill Clinton in both 1992 and 1996 and also against Texas native George H. W. Bush in 1988.

Presidential elections results
Presidential elections results[10]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 87.1% 4,784 12.2% 669 0.7% 38
2016 86.0% 3,998 13.2% 614 0.8% 39
2012 81.4% 3,727 17.6% 807 1.0% 44
2008 76.9% 3,749 22.1% 1,077 1.0% 48
2004 67.6% 3,138 31.8% 1,476 0.5% 25
2000 60.2% 2,764 38.2% 1,753 1.6% 74
1996 42.3% 1,660 48.7% 1,913 9.0% 352
1992 31.9% 1,490 48.9% 2,288 19.2% 900
1988 48.3% 1,925 51.5% 2,053 0.2% 9
1984 51.2% 2,045 48.6% 1,940 0.2% 8
1980 40.8% 1,387 58.4% 1,983 0.8% 28
1976 27.4% 904 72.5% 2,391 0.0% 1
1972 58.6% 1,333 41.2% 936 0.2% 4
1968 18.4% 455 43.7% 1,078 37.9% 935
1964 19.2% 428 80.8% 1,801 0.0% 1
1960 33.6% 619 65.6% 1,208 0.9% 16
1956 46.7% 801 53.2% 913 0.1% 1
1952 31.7% 729 68.3% 1,573
1948 7.3% 104 75.3% 1,078 17.5% 250
1944 14.0% 203 80.7% 1,169 5.3% 77
1940 8.8% 157 91.1% 1,626 0.1% 2
1936 8.1% 108 91.7% 1,216 0.2% 2
1932 3.1% 57 96.8% 1,789 0.2% 3
1928 34.2% 419 65.8% 807
1924 5.0% 61 94.4% 1,150 0.6% 7
1920 6.2% 61 64.7% 637 29.1% 287
1916 2.9% 22 89.7% 681 7.4% 56
1912 3.7% 19 82.9% 425 13.5% 69

See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 24, 2013.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved May 10, 2015.
  4. Lynching in America, Third Edition: Supplement by County, pp. 9-10, Equal Justice Initiative, Mobile, AL, 2017
  5. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  6. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 10, 2015.
  7. "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Retrieved May 10, 2015.
  8. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
  9. http://www.pendletonharbor.net
  10. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-07-30.

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