South African Class 36-200

The South African Railways Class 36-200 of 1980 is a diesel-electric locomotive.

South African Class 36-200
No. 36-201 at Ladysmith, 5 August 2007
Type and origin
Power typeDiesel-electric
DesignerGeneral Motors Electro-Motive Division
BuilderGeneral Motors South Africa
GM-Astarsa, Argentina
Serial number115-1 to 115-50, 118-1 to 118-51, 120-1, 122-1 & 122-2, 123-1 & 123-2, 91F1AA001
ModelGM-EMD SW1002
Build date1980-1991
Total produced107
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • AARB-B
 • UICBo'Bo'
 • CommonwealthBo-Bo
Gauge3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Wheel diameter1,016 mm (40.0 in)
Wheelbase9,905 mm (32 ft 6.0 in)
 • Bogie2,438 mm (8 ft 0 in)
Pivot centres7,467 mm (24 ft 6.0 in)
Length:
​
 • Over couplers14,120 mm (46 ft 3.9 in)
Width2,724 mm (8 ft 11.2 in)
Height3,928 mm (12 ft 10.6 in)
Axle load18,250 kg (40,230 lb)
Adhesive weight73,000 kg (161,000 lb)
Loco weight73,000 kg (161,000 lb) max
Fuel typeDiesel
Fuel capacity2,250 litres (490 imp gal)
Prime moverGM-EMD 8-645E
RPM range250-900
 • RPM low idle250
 • RPM idle315
 • Maximum RPM900
Engine type2-stroke diesel
AspirationGM-EMD ROOTS 3 lobe blower
Displacement10.57 litres (645.0 cu in)
Generator8 pole GM-EMD D25
Traction motorsFour EMD D29 DC 4 pole
 • Rating 1 hour485A
 • Continuous450A @ 15 km/h (9.3 mph)
CylindersV8
Gear ratio63:14
MU working4 maximum
Loco brake28-LAV-1 with vigilance control
Train brakesGardner-Denver ADJV compressor/exhauster
Air tank cap.850 litres (190 imp gal)
Compressor0.021 m3/s (0.74 cu ft/s)
Exhauster0.096 m3/s (3.4 cu ft/s)
CouplersAAR knuckle type E
Performance figures
Maximum speed90 km/h (56 mph)
Power output:
​
 • Starting850 kW (1,140 hp)
 • Continuous755 kW (1,012 hp)
Tractive effort:
​
 • Starting176 kN (40,000 lbf) @ 25% adh.
 • Continuous141 kN (32,000 lbf) @ 13.92 km/h (8.65 mph)
Factor of adh.:
​
 • Starting25%
 • Continuous20%
Brakeforce65% ratio @ 340 kPa (49 psi)
Career
OperatorsSouth African Railways
Columbus Stainless
Iscor
Ithala Development Finance Corp.
Spoornet
Transnet Freight Rail
African Rail & Traction Services
ClassClass 36-200
Number in class107
NumbersSAR 36-201 to 36-301
Columbus 1
Iscor 661-45 to 661-47
ARTS 21-23
Ithala 1 & 2
Delivered1980-1984 (SAR)
1984 (Columbus)
1986-1991 (Iscor)
1987 (Ithala)
First run1980

Beginning in August 1980, the South African Railways placed 101 Class 36-200 General Motors Electro-Motive Division type SW1002 diesel-electric locomotives in service. In 1984, one Class 36-200 locomotive was also built for the Bophuthatswana National Development Corporation for use at the Ga-Rankuwa Industrial Estate. Three more were placed in service by Iscor in Pretoria between 1986 and 1991, and another two by the Ithala Development Finance Corporation in KwaZulu-Natal in 1987.[1][2]

Manufacturers

The Class 36-200 type SW1002 diesel-electric locomotive was designed for the South African Railways (SAR) by General Motors Electro-Motive Division (GM-EMD) and all but one were built by General Motors South Africa (GMSA) in Port Elizabeth. The exception was the third type SW1002 locomotive to be built for Iscor in Pretoria which was delivered from GM-Astarsa in Argentina.[1][2][3]

Builder’s plate on no. 36-301

The 101 locomotives for the SAR were built in two batches on two orders. The first 50 were built between 1980 and 1982 and numbered in the range from 36-201 to 36-250. Another 51 were built between 1982 and 1984 and numbered in the range from 36-251 to 36-301. It is unclear why such an odd number of locomotives were ordered.[1][2]

Apart from the SAR locomotives, several were also built for industry.[1]

  • A single locomotive was built for the Bophuthatswana National Development Corporation (BNDC) in Ga-Rankuwa and delivered in 1984.
  • Two locomotives, which had been ordered by Iscor in Pretoria, were delivered in 1986, numbered 661-45 and 661-46.
  • Two locomotives, which had been ordered by the Ithala Development Finance Corporation (IDFC) in KwaZulu-Natal, were delivered in 1987 and numbered 1 and 2.
  • The Argentinian-built locomotive was delivered to Iscor by GM-Astarsa in 1991 and numbered 661-47.

Class 36 series

The Class 36 locomotive group consists of two series, the General Electric (GE) Class 36-000 and the GM-EMD Class 36-200. Both manufacturers also produced locomotives for the South African Classes 33, 34 and 35.[2]

Service

South African Railways

Class 36-200 locomotives are general purpose locomotives, equipped with two-station controls for bi-directional operation, which are used mainly for yard shunting and pickup work to service industrial customers. When placed in service, the SAR locomotives were initially distributed for service between the Western and Eastern Cape and the Eastern Transvaal Lowveld, but the Cape locomotives were later relocated to Natal, Gauteng, the North West Province and Limpopo.[1][3]

On the Natal South Coast they were at one time employed in road work between Durban and Port Shepstone, working in pairs or in trios.

Industry

The three Iscor locomotives were later hired out to African Rail & Traction Services (ARTS), based in a workshop at the Iscor Pretoria works, and renumbered in the range from 21 to 23. ARTS has a fleet of about twenty locomotives which are used on hire contracts. By early 2002, ARTS locomotives were employed at the Rustenburg Platinum Mine in the North West Province, at Iscor in Pretoria where it took over the entire railway operation, and at the Richards Bay Coal Terminal in KwaZulu-Natal.[1]

The BNDC locomotive did not remain in service in Bophuthatwana very long before it went to Columbus Stainless in Middelburg, Transvaal.[1]

The IDFC locomotives were later sold to Sheltam, where they were numbered 24 and 25 and later renumbered to 1003 and 1004.[1]

Works numbers

Apart from on their works plates, the builder’s works number was also stamped on their frames, but instead of the builder’s serial they used the last three digits of the unit’s number. No. 36-209 was therefore stamped 115-209 instead of 115-9. Some of these numbers were reverse stamped, for example as 234-115. Units so noted were numbers 234, 235, 240, 241 and 245-115 and numbers 251, 257 and 270-118.

The Class 36-200 builder’s works numbers, dates or years built and the distribution of the non-SAR industrial locomotives are listed in the table. The dates, as shown, were recorded off the respective locomotive works plates.[1][4]

Liveries

All the Class 36-200 locomotives were delivered in the SAR Gulf Red livery with signal red buffer beams, yellow side stripes on the long hood sides and a yellow V on each end. In the 1990s many of them began to be repainted in the Spoornet orange livery with a yellow and blue chevron pattern on the buffer beams. Several later received the Spoornet maroon livery. In the 2000s at least one was repainted in the Spoornet blue livery with outline numbers on the sides. After 2008 in the Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) era, some began to appear in the TFR red, green and yellow livery.[5]

Illustration
  • No. 36-217 in Spoornet orange livery at Capital Park, Pretoria, 29 September 2006
  • No. 36-297 in Spoornet maroon livery at Beaufort West, 27 March 2013
  • No. 36-251 in Spoornet blue and outline numbers at Wentworth, 26 May 2010
  • No. 36-256 in Transnet Freight Rail livery at Bloemfontein Depot, 29 April 2013

References
  1. Middleton, John N. (2002). Railways of Southern Africa Locomotive Guide - 2002 (as amended by Combined Amendment List 4, January 2009) (2nd, Dec 2002 ed.). Herts, England: Beyer-Garratt Publications. pp. 38, 44, 46.
  2. South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended
  3. Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 142–143. ISBN 0869772112.
  4. Actual dates recorded off locomotive works plates by Peter Bagshawe
  5. Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 9. South-Eastwards as far as Volksrust (2nd part) by Les Pivnic. Caption 4. (Accessed on 11 April 2017)
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