1972 United States presidential election in Virginia
The 1972 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 7, 1972. All 50 states and the District of Columbia were part of the 1972 United States presidential election. Virginia voters chose 12 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president of the United States. This was also the first presidential election after the passage of the Twenty-sixth Amendment, which decreased the voting age from 21 to 18.
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County and Independent City Results
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Virginia was won by incumbent United States President Richard Nixon of California with 67.84% of the vote, against South Dakota Senator George McGovern of the Democratic Party. Nixon also won the national election with 60.67% of the vote.
In strict accordance with national trends, McGovern carried just one county or independent city in Virginia – however, that county, Charles City County, saw McGovern receive over 67% of the vote, and was his fourth-strongest county in the country.[1] As of the 2020 presidential election, this constitutes the last occasion the Republican Party has carried Brunswick County, Greensville County, Surry County, Sussex County, and the cities of Charlottesville, Norfolk, Petersburg, Portsmouth and Richmond.[2]
However, Nixon did not win all of the electoral votes in Virginia because one of his electors, Roger MacBride, instead cast his vote for Libertarian candidate John Hospers and his running mate, Tonie Nathan. Although Hospers was not on the ballot in Virginia, MacBride's vote was the first electoral vote ever cast for a female candidate (Nathan); MacBride was subsequently nominated as the Libertarian candidate for President in the next election.
Elections in Virginia |
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Results
1972 United States presidential election in Virginia[3] | |||||
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Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes | |
Republican | Richard Nixon (inc.) | 988,493 | 67.84% | 11 | |
Libertarian | John Hospers | 0 | 0.00% | 1 | |
Democratic | George McGovern | 438,887 | 30.12% | 0 | |
American Independent | John G. Schmitz | 19,721 | 1.35% | 0 | |
Socialist Labor | Louis Fisher | 9,918 | 0.68% | 0 | |
Totals | 1,457,019 | 100.00% | 12 |
Results by county
County or Independent City | Richard Milhous Nixon Republican |
George Stanley McGovern Democratic |
John George Schmitz[4] American Independent |
Louis Fisher[4] Socialist Labor |
Margin | Total votes cast | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
Accomack County | 6,496 | 71.97% | 2,406 | 26.66% | 108 | 1.20% | 16 | 0.18% | 4,090 | 45.31% | 9,026 |
Albemarle County | 8,447 | 65.22% | 4,303 | 33.23% | 139 | 1.07% | 62 | 0.48% | 4,144 | 32.00% | 12,951 |
Alleghany County | 2,584 | 67.47% | 1,069 | 27.91% | 170 | 4.44% | 7 | 0.18% | 1,515 | 39.56% | 3,830 |
Amelia County | 1,606 | 64.99% | 778 | 31.49% | 58 | 2.35% | 29 | 1.17% | 828 | 33.51% | 2,471 |
Amherst County | 4,909 | 73.94% | 1,512 | 22.77% | 148 | 2.23% | 70 | 1.05% | 3,397 | 51.17% | 6,639 |
Appomattox County | 2,788 | 78.20% | 684 | 19.19% | 68 | 1.91% | 25 | 0.70% | 2,104 | 59.02% | 3,565 |
Arlington County | 39,406 | 59.36% | 25,877 | 38.98% | 830 | 1.25% | 270 | 0.41% | 13,529 | 20.38% | 66,383 |
Augusta County | 9,106 | 81.44% | 1,766 | 15.79% | 148 | 1.32% | 161 | 1.44% | 7,340 | 65.65% | 11,181 |
Bath County | 1,127 | 68.89% | 462 | 28.24% | 43 | 2.63% | 4 | 0.24% | 665 | 40.65% | 1,636 |
Bedford County | 5,286 | 73.43% | 1,501 | 20.85% | 358 | 4.97% | 54 | 0.75% | 3,785 | 52.58% | 7,199 |
Bland County | 1,352 | 70.64% | 527 | 27.53% | 31 | 1.62% | 4 | 0.21% | 825 | 43.10% | 1,914 |
Botetourt County | 3,806 | 69.44% | 1,519 | 27.71% | 121 | 2.21% | 35 | 0.64% | 2,287 | 41.73% | 5,481 |
Brunswick County | 3,072 | 58.17% | 2,130 | 40.33% | 63 | 1.19% | 16 | 0.30% | 942 | 17.84% | 5,281 |
Buchanan County | 4,801 | 56.13% | 3,566 | 41.69% | 95 | 1.11% | 92 | 1.08% | 1,235 | 14.44% | 8,554 |
Buckingham County | 2,107 | 62.86% | 1,186 | 35.38% | 44 | 1.31% | 15 | 0.45% | 921 | 27.48% | 3,352 |
Campbell County | 11,676 | 82.48% | 2,055 | 14.52% | 288 | 2.03% | 138 | 0.97% | 9,621 | 67.96% | 14,157 |
Caroline County | 2,086 | 52.80% | 1,814 | 45.91% | 32 | 0.81% | 19 | 0.48% | 272 | 6.88% | 3,951 |
Carroll County | 5,247 | 75.08% | 1,583 | 22.65% | 90 | 1.29% | 69 | 0.99% | 3,664 | 52.43% | 6,989 |
Charles City County | 535 | 30.84% | 1,177 | 67.84% | 14 | 0.81% | 9 | 0.52% | -642 | -37.00% | 1,735 |
Charlotte County | 2,501 | 66.22% | 1,182 | 31.29% | 75 | 1.99% | 19 | 0.50% | 1,319 | 34.92% | 3,777 |
Chesterfield County | 24,934 | 85.24% | 3,823 | 13.07% | 365 | 1.25% | 131 | 0.45% | 21,111 | 72.17% | 29,253 |
Clarke County | 1,816 | 69.13% | 715 | 27.22% | 67 | 2.55% | 29 | 1.10% | 1,101 | 41.91% | 2,627 |
Craig County | 774 | 63.44% | 425 | 34.84% | 19 | 1.56% | 2 | 0.16% | 349 | 28.61% | 1,220 |
Culpeper County | 3,707 | 72.80% | 1,316 | 25.84% | 60 | 1.18% | 9 | 0.18% | 2,391 | 46.96% | 5,092 |
Cumberland County | 1,371 | 57.75% | 969 | 40.82% | 22 | 0.93% | 12 | 0.51% | 402 | 16.93% | 2,374 |
Dickenson County | 3,633 | 56.22% | 2,711 | 41.95% | 62 | 0.96% | 56 | 0.87% | 922 | 14.27% | 6,462 |
Dinwiddie County | 3,314 | 62.47% | 1,901 | 35.83% | 74 | 1.39% | 16 | 0.30% | 1,413 | 26.64% | 5,305 |
Essex County | 1,482 | 62.58% | 808 | 34.12% | 44 | 1.86% | 34 | 1.44% | 674 | 28.46% | 2,368 |
Fairfax County | 112,135 | 66.26% | 54,844 | 32.40% | 1,764 | 1.04% | 503 | 0.30% | 57,291 | 33.85% | 169,246 |
Fauquier County | 4,654 | 67.71% | 2,039 | 29.67% | 80 | 1.16% | 100 | 1.45% | 2,615 | 38.05% | 6,873 |
Floyd County | 2,444 | 76.11% | 708 | 22.05% | 57 | 1.78% | 2 | 0.06% | 1,736 | 54.06% | 3,211 |
Fluvanna County | 1,438 | 67.29% | 637 | 29.81% | 23 | 1.08% | 39 | 1.82% | 801 | 37.48% | 2,137 |
Franklin County | 4,674 | 65.74% | 2,273 | 31.97% | 145 | 2.04% | 18 | 0.25% | 2,401 | 33.77% | 7,110 |
Frederick County | 5,367 | 75.18% | 1,604 | 22.47% | 105 | 1.47% | 63 | 0.88% | 3,763 | 52.71% | 7,139 |
Giles County | 3,671 | 64.34% | 1,869 | 32.75% | 78 | 1.37% | 88 | 1.54% | 1,802 | 31.58% | 5,706 |
Gloucester County | 3,642 | 71.92% | 1,292 | 25.51% | 78 | 1.54% | 52 | 1.03% | 2,350 | 46.41% | 5,064 |
Goochland County | 2,127 | 60.98% | 1,254 | 35.95% | 52 | 1.49% | 55 | 1.58% | 873 | 25.03% | 3,488 |
Grayson County | 3,565 | 67.48% | 1,603 | 30.34% | 67 | 1.27% | 48 | 0.91% | 1,962 | 37.14% | 5,283 |
Greene County | 1,208 | 78.24% | 318 | 20.60% | 15 | 0.97% | 3 | 0.19% | 890 | 57.64% | 1,544 |
Greensville County | 1,608 | 56.05% | 1,197 | 41.72% | 46 | 1.60% | 18 | 0.63% | 411 | 14.33% | 2,869 |
Halifax County | 5,469 | 68.71% | 2,384 | 29.95% | 77 | 0.97% | 29 | 0.36% | 3,085 | 38.76% | 7,959 |
Hanover County | 11,095 | 81.20% | 2,200 | 16.10% | 237 | 1.73% | 131 | 0.96% | 8,895 | 65.10% | 13,663 |
Henrico County | 52,536 | 84.87% | 8,420 | 13.60% | 571 | 0.92% | 377 | 0.61% | 44,116 | 71.27% | 61,904 |
Henry County | 7,556 | 62.84% | 4,042 | 33.62% | 170 | 1.41% | 256 | 2.13% | 3,514 | 29.22% | 12,024 |
Highland County | 774 | 77.63% | 206 | 20.66% | 12 | 1.20% | 5 | 0.50% | 568 | 56.97% | 997 |
Isle of Wight County | 3,555 | 59.27% | 2,305 | 38.43% | 119 | 1.98% | 19 | 0.32% | 1,250 | 20.84% | 5,998 |
James City County | 3,372 | 61.97% | 1,992 | 36.61% | 56 | 1.03% | 21 | 0.39% | 1,380 | 25.36% | 5,441 |
King and Queen County | 1,033 | 58.30% | 708 | 39.95% | 10 | 0.56% | 21 | 1.19% | 325 | 18.34% | 1,772 |
King George County | 1,675 | 70.05% | 658 | 27.52% | 34 | 1.42% | 24 | 1.00% | 1,017 | 42.53% | 2,391 |
King William County | 1,839 | 69.14% | 797 | 29.96% | 18 | 0.68% | 6 | 0.23% | 1,042 | 39.17% | 2,660 |
Lancaster County | 2,683 | 71.64% | 1,009 | 26.94% | 35 | 0.93% | 18 | 0.48% | 1,674 | 44.70% | 3,745 |
Lee County | 4,957 | 62.39% | 2,825 | 35.56% | 68 | 0.86% | 95 | 1.20% | 2,132 | 26.83% | 7,945 |
Loudoun County | 9,417 | 69.46% | 3,941 | 29.07% | 190 | 1.40% | 9 | 0.07% | 5,476 | 40.39% | 13,557 |
Louisa County | 2,545 | 63.55% | 1,338 | 33.41% | 56 | 1.40% | 66 | 1.65% | 1,207 | 30.14% | 4,005 |
Lunenburg County | 2,464 | 69.14% | 1,044 | 29.29% | 45 | 1.26% | 11 | 0.31% | 1,420 | 39.84% | 3,564 |
Madison County | 1,864 | 73.41% | 639 | 25.17% | 24 | 0.95% | 12 | 0.47% | 1,225 | 48.25% | 2,539 |
Mathews County | 2,164 | 72.45% | 730 | 24.44% | 51 | 1.71% | 42 | 1.41% | 1,434 | 48.01% | 2,987 |
Mecklenburg County | 6,381 | 68.55% | 2,804 | 30.12% | 106 | 1.14% | 18 | 0.19% | 3,577 | 38.43% | 9,309 |
Middlesex County | 1,697 | 69.29% | 724 | 29.56% | 24 | 0.98% | 4 | 0.16% | 973 | 39.73% | 2,449 |
Montgomery County | 9,348 | 70.56% | 3,692 | 27.87% | 194 | 1.46% | 14 | 0.11% | 5,656 | 42.69% | 13,248 |
Nelson County | 2,145 | 67.22% | 954 | 29.90% | 82 | 2.57% | 10 | 0.31% | 1,191 | 37.32% | 3,191 |
New Kent County | 1,370 | 67.52% | 633 | 31.20% | 19 | 0.94% | 7 | 0.34% | 737 | 36.32% | 2,029 |
Northampton County | 2,587 | 66.45% | 1,246 | 32.01% | 53 | 1.36% | 7 | 0.18% | 1,341 | 34.45% | 3,893 |
Northumberland County | 2,332 | 71.58% | 884 | 27.13% | 28 | 0.86% | 14 | 0.43% | 1,448 | 44.44% | 3,258 |
Nottoway County | 2,979 | 68.22% | 1,308 | 29.95% | 70 | 1.60% | 10 | 0.23% | 1,671 | 38.26% | 4,367 |
Orange County | 2,758 | 71.28% | 1,032 | 26.67% | 42 | 1.09% | 37 | 0.96% | 1,726 | 44.61% | 3,869 |
Page County | 4,326 | 72.34% | 1,585 | 26.51% | 61 | 1.02% | 8 | 0.13% | 2,741 | 45.84% | 5,980 |
Patrick County | 2,951 | 73.35% | 942 | 23.42% | 100 | 2.49% | 30 | 0.75% | 2,009 | 49.94% | 4,023 |
Pittsylvania County | 12,108 | 72.34% | 4,429 | 26.46% | 174 | 1.04% | 26 | 0.16% | 7,679 | 45.88% | 16,737 |
Powhatan County | 1,751 | 66.43% | 810 | 30.73% | 60 | 2.28% | 15 | 0.57% | 941 | 35.70% | 2,636 |
Prince Edward County | 3,199 | 65.96% | 1,585 | 32.68% | 51 | 1.05% | 15 | 0.31% | 1,614 | 33.28% | 4,850 |
Prince George County | 2,405 | 67.71% | 1,084 | 30.52% | 46 | 1.30% | 17 | 0.48% | 1,321 | 37.19% | 3,552 |
Prince William County | 20,149 | 72.26% | 7,266 | 26.06% | 351 | 1.26% | 118 | 0.42% | 12,883 | 46.20% | 27,884 |
Pulaski County | 6,281 | 72.01% | 2,311 | 26.50% | 114 | 1.31% | 16 | 0.18% | 3,970 | 45.52% | 8,722 |
Rappahannock County | 1,055 | 68.20% | 471 | 30.45% | 16 | 1.03% | 5 | 0.32% | 584 | 37.75% | 1,547 |
Richmond County | 1,565 | 77.55% | 435 | 21.56% | 13 | 0.64% | 5 | 0.25% | 1,130 | 56.00% | 2,018 |
Roanoke County | 19,920 | 77.28% | 5,318 | 20.63% | 474 | 1.84% | 66 | 0.26% | 14,602 | 56.65% | 25,778 |
Rockbridge County | 3,009 | 74.28% | 956 | 23.60% | 62 | 1.53% | 24 | 0.59% | 2,053 | 50.68% | 4,051 |
Rockingham County | 10,025 | 81.67% | 2,026 | 16.51% | 143 | 1.16% | 81 | 0.66% | 7,999 | 65.16% | 12,275 |
Russell County | 5,010 | 58.93% | 3,367 | 39.60% | 71 | 0.84% | 54 | 0.64% | 1,643 | 19.32% | 8,502 |
Scott County | 5,125 | 66.18% | 2,474 | 31.95% | 81 | 1.05% | 64 | 0.83% | 2,651 | 34.23% | 7,744 |
Shenandoah County | 7,128 | 82.46% | 1,422 | 16.45% | 78 | 0.90% | 16 | 0.19% | 5,706 | 66.01% | 8,644 |
Smyth County | 6,409 | 72.27% | 2,280 | 25.71% | 82 | 0.92% | 97 | 1.09% | 4,129 | 46.56% | 8,868 |
Southampton County | 3,225 | 67.09% | 1,498 | 31.16% | 66 | 1.37% | 18 | 0.37% | 1,727 | 35.93% | 4,807 |
Spotsylvania County | 3,577 | 65.73% | 1,775 | 32.62% | 75 | 1.38% | 15 | 0.28% | 1,802 | 33.11% | 5,442 |
Stafford County | 5,222 | 72.39% | 1,901 | 26.35% | 83 | 1.15% | 8 | 0.11% | 3,321 | 46.04% | 7,214 |
Surry County | 1,067 | 50.40% | 988 | 46.67% | 27 | 1.28% | 35 | 1.65% | 79 | 3.73% | 2,117 |
Sussex County | 2,120 | 54.99% | 1,645 | 42.67% | 43 | 1.12% | 47 | 1.22% | 475 | 12.32% | 3,855 |
Tazewell County | 7,233 | 67.81% | 3,181 | 29.82% | 107 | 1.00% | 146 | 1.37% | 4,052 | 37.99% | 10,667 |
Warren County | 3,718 | 69.40% | 1,508 | 28.15% | 63 | 1.18% | 68 | 1.27% | 2,210 | 41.25% | 5,357 |
Washington County | 8,805 | 72.70% | 3,028 | 25.00% | 123 | 1.02% | 155 | 1.28% | 5,777 | 47.70% | 12,111 |
Westmoreland County | 2,331 | 66.00% | 1,113 | 31.51% | 27 | 0.76% | 61 | 1.73% | 1,218 | 34.48% | 3,532 |
Wise County | 6,739 | 59.94% | 4,402 | 39.16% | 79 | 0.70% | 22 | 0.20% | 2,337 | 20.79% | 11,242 |
Wythe County | 4,553 | 73.96% | 1,431 | 23.25% | 70 | 1.14% | 102 | 1.66% | 3,122 | 50.71% | 6,156 |
York County | 7,745 | 74.90% | 2,302 | 22.26% | 211 | 2.04% | 83 | 0.80% | 5,443 | 52.64% | 10,341 |
Alexandria City | 20,235 | 55.95% | 15,409 | 42.60% | 348 | 0.96% | 177 | 0.49% | 4,826 | 13.34% | 36,169 |
Bedford City | 1,407 | 68.20% | 529 | 25.64% | 89 | 4.31% | 38 | 1.84% | 878 | 42.56% | 2,063 |
Bristol City | 2,665 | 68.46% | 1,157 | 29.72% | 54 | 1.39% | 17 | 0.44% | 1,508 | 38.74% | 3,893 |
Buena Vista City | 990 | 70.26% | 373 | 26.47% | 22 | 1.55% | 34 | 2.40% | 617 | 43.79% | 1,409 |
Charlottesville City | 7,935 | 59.42% | 5,240 | 39.24% | 95 | 0.71% | 83 | 0.62% | 2,695 | 20.18% | 13,353 |
Chesapeake City | 17,722 | 67.95% | 7,289 | 27.95% | 649 | 2.49% | 420 | 1.61% | 10,433 | 40.00% | 26,080 |
Clifton Forge City | 1,127 | 63.17% | 575 | 32.23% | 68 | 3.81% | 14 | 0.78% | 552 | 30.94% | 1,784 |
Colonial Heights City | 5,304 | 87.99% | 541 | 8.97% | 87 | 1.44% | 96 | 1.59% | 4,763 | 79.01% | 6,028 |
Covington City | 1,910 | 63.71% | 948 | 31.62% | 113 | 3.77% | 27 | 0.90% | 962 | 32.09% | 2,998 |
Danville City | 12,463 | 73.68% | 4,148 | 24.52% | 134 | 0.79% | 171 | 1.01% | 8,315 | 49.15% | 16,916 |
Emporia City | 1,340 | 68.82% | 565 | 29.02% | 18 | 0.92% | 24 | 1.23% | 775 | 39.80% | 1,947 |
Fairfax City | 5,063 | 67.73% | 2,274 | 30.42% | 118 | 1.58% | 20 | 0.27% | 2,789 | 37.31% | 7,475 |
Falls Church City | 2,967 | 60.02% | 1,895 | 38.34% | 67 | 1.36% | 14 | 0.28% | 1,072 | 21.69% | 4,943 |
Franklin City | 1,416 | 64.98% | 738 | 33.87% | 14 | 0.64% | 11 | 0.50% | 678 | 31.12% | 2,179 |
Fredericksburg City | 3,211 | 64.53% | 1,702 | 34.20% | 34 | 0.68% | 29 | 0.58% | 1,509 | 30.33% | 4,976 |
Galax City | 1,497 | 72.63% | 524 | 25.42% | 28 | 1.36% | 12 | 0.58% | 973 | 47.21% | 2,061 |
Hampton City | 21,897 | 65.49% | 10,648 | 31.85% | 479 | 1.43% | 411 | 1.23% | 11,249 | 33.64% | 33,435 |
Harrisonburg City | 3,626 | 77.26% | 992 | 21.14% | 39 | 0.83% | 36 | 0.77% | 2,634 | 56.13% | 4,693 |
Hopewell City | 5,229 | 75.88% | 1,485 | 21.55% | 106 | 1.54% | 71 | 1.03% | 3,744 | 54.33% | 6,891 |
Lexington City | 1,345 | 64.98% | 695 | 33.57% | 18 | 0.87% | 12 | 0.58% | 650 | 31.40% | 2,070 |
Lynchburg City | 13,259 | 74.11% | 4,208 | 23.52% | 264 | 1.48% | 159 | 0.89% | 9,051 | 50.59% | 17,890 |
Martinsville City | 3,879 | 61.32% | 2,292 | 36.23% | 39 | 0.62% | 116 | 1.83% | 1,587 | 25.09% | 6,326 |
Nansemond City | 5,767 | 57.57% | 3,929 | 39.42% | 186 | 1.87% | 84 | 0.84% | 1,838 | 18.44% | 9,966 |
Newport News City | 27,169 | 67.40% | 12,233 | 30.35% | 639 | 1.59% | 271 | 0.67% | 14,936 | 37.05% | 40,312 |
Norfolk City | 38,385 | 57.97% | 25,737 | 38.87% | 1,198 | 1.81% | 897 | 1.35% | 12,648 | 19.10% | 66,217 |
Norton City | 823 | 62.68% | 463 | 35.26% | 12 | 0.91% | 15 | 1.14% | 360 | 27.42% | 1,313 |
Petersburg City | 6,710 | 55.67% | 5,156 | 42.78% | 131 | 1.09% | 56 | 0.46% | 1,554 | 12.89% | 12,053 |
Portsmouth City | 20,090 | 58.49% | 13,124 | 38.21% | 760 | 2.21% | 376 | 1.09% | 6,966 | 20.28% | 34,350 |
Radford City | 2,577 | 68.68% | 1,121 | 29.88% | 40 | 1.07% | 14 | 0.37% | 1,456 | 38.81% | 3,752 |
Richmond City | 46,244 | 57.59% | 33,055 | 41.16% | 649 | 0.81% | 354 | 0.44% | 13,189 | 16.42% | 80,302 |
Roanoke City | 18,541 | 64.67% | 9,498 | 33.13% | 537 | 1.87% | 95 | 0.33% | 9,043 | 31.54% | 28,671 |
Salem City | 5,649 | 74.79% | 1,744 | 23.09% | 136 | 1.80% | 24 | 0.32% | 3,905 | 51.70% | 7,553 |
South Boston City | 1,865 | 71.59% | 709 | 27.22% | 7 | 0.27% | 24 | 0.92% | 1,156 | 44.38% | 2,605 |
Staunton City | 5,531 | 78.25% | 1,416 | 20.03% | 33 | 0.47% | 88 | 1.25% | 4,115 | 58.22% | 7,068 |
Suffolk City | 2,137 | 69.54% | 898 | 29.22% | 29 | 0.94% | 9 | 0.29% | 1,239 | 40.32% | 3,073 |
Virginia Beach City | 38,074 | 76.56% | 10,373 | 20.86% | 837 | 1.68% | 449 | 0.90% | 27,701 | 55.70% | 49,733 |
Waynesboro City | 4,163 | 77.75% | 1,061 | 19.82% | 72 | 1.34% | 58 | 1.08% | 3,102 | 57.94% | 5,354 |
Williamsburg City | 1,786 | 57.46% | 1,274 | 40.99% | 29 | 0.93% | 19 | 0.61% | 512 | 16.47% | 3,108 |
Winchester City | 4,647 | 75.55% | 1,418 | 23.05% | 55 | 0.89% | 31 | 0.50% | 3,229 | 52.50% | 6,151 |
Totals | 988,493 | 67.84% | 438,887 | 30.12% | 19,721 | 1.35% | 9,918 | 0.68% | 549,606 | 37.72% | 1,457,019 |
References
- David Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas; 1972 Presidential Election Statistics
- Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
- http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1972election.pdf
- Our Campaigns; VA US President 1972