List of countries by GDP (PPP)
This article includes a list of countries by their forecasted estimated gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity, abbreviated GDP (PPP).[2] Countries are sorted by GDP (PPP) forecast estimates from financial and statistical institutions that calculate using market or government official exchange rates. The data given on this page are based on the international dollar, a standardized unit used by economists. Certain regions that are not widely considered countries such as the European Union and Hong Kong also show up in the list if they are distinct jurisdiction areas or economic entities.
 |
| Largest economies by PPP GDP in 2020 according to International Monetary Fund estimates[1] |
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Countries by GDP (PPP) in 2020.[n 1]
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> $20 trillion
> $10 trillion
> $5 trillion
> $2 trillion |
> $1 trillion
> $500 billion
> $250 billion
> $100 billion |
> $50 billion
> $25 billion
> $5 billion
$5 billion or less |
GDP comparisons using PPP are arguably more useful than those using nominal GDP when assessing a nation's domestic market because PPP takes into account the relative cost of local goods, services and inflation rates of the country, rather than using international market exchange rates, which may distort the real differences in per capita income.[3] It is however limited when measuring financial flows between countries and when comparing the quality of same goods among countries.[4] PPP is often used to gauge global poverty thresholds and is used by the United Nations in constructing the human development index.[3] These surveys such as the International Comparison Program include both tradable and non-tradable goods in an attempt to estimate a representative basket of all goods.[3]
The first table includes estimates for the year 2020 made for each economy of the 194 countries and areas (including Hong Kong and Taiwan) covered by the International Monetary Fund (IMF)'s International Financial Statistics (IFS) database. The data is in millions of international dollars and was calculated and published by the IMF in April 2020. The second table includes data, mostly for the year 2018, for 180 of the 193 current United Nations member states as well as Hong Kong and Macau (the two Chinese Special Administrative Regions). Data are in millions of international dollars; they were compiled by the World Bank. The third table is a tabulation of the CIA World Factbook GDP (PPP) data update of 2017. The data for GDP at purchasing power parity has also been rebased using the new International Comparison Program price surveys and extrapolated to 2007. Non-sovereign entities (the world, continents, and some dependent territories) and states with limited recognition (such as Kosovo, Palestine and Taiwan) are included in the list in cases in which they appear in the sources. These economies are not ranked in the charts here, but are listed in sequence by GDP for comparison. In addition, non-sovereign entities are marked in italics.
The European Union – and its European Single Market, which seeks to guarantee the free movement of goods, capital, services, and labour (the "four freedoms") within its 28 to 27 member states, also involved in international trade negotiations – might also appear in some lists.
Lists
| List by the IMF (2020 estimates)[5] | List by the World Bank (2019)[6] | List by the CIA (1993–2017)[7] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also
- List of countries by distribution of wealth
- List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
- List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita
- List of countries by Human Development Index
- List of countries by income equality
- List of countries by past and projected GDP (nominal)
- List of countries by past and projected GDP (PPP)
- List of countries by real GDP growth rate
- List of IMF ranked countries by GDP, IMF ranked GDP (nominal), GDP (nominal) per capita, GDP (PPP), GDP (PPP) per capita, Population, and PPP
- Lists of countries by GDP
- National wealth
Notes
- Based on IMF data. If no data is available for a country from the IMF, then data from the CIA World Factbook is used.
- The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU is included as a separate entity in The World Factbook of CIA because it has many attributes of independent nations, being much more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur.[9]
- The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional intergovernmental organization comprising ten countries in Southeast Asia, which promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration among its members and other countries in Asia.
- ^2 IMF estimate.
- ^3 Data excludes French Polynesia.
- ^a China's PPP is based on prices for 11 administrative regions, extrapolated to the full country, and an urban/rural breakdown. China's entry does not include the two special administrative regions, namely Hong Kong and Macau. These are listed separately.
References
- "Report for Selected Country Groups and Subjects (PPP valuation of country GDP)". IMF. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
- "What is GDP and why is it so important?". Investopedia. IAC/InterActiveCorp. 26 February 2009. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- "Part 4. Applications and Limitations of ICP Data" (PDF). Retrieved 20 May 2014.
- PPP Versus the Market: Which Weight Matters?, imf.org, March 2007, Volume 44, Number 1
- "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
- "World Bank, International Comparison Program database: GDP, PPP (current international $)" (PDF). Retrieved 3 July 2020.
- Field listing - GDP (PPP exchange rate), CIA World Factbook
- "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
- CIA (2014). "The World Factbook". Retrieved 15 March 2015.
Although the EU is not a federation in the strict sense, it is far more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur, and it has certain attributes associated with independent nations: its own flag, currency (for some members), and law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with external partners. Thus, inclusion of basic intelligence on the EU has been deemed appropriate as a new, separate entity in The World Factbook.
- "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
- "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
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