List of earthquakes in 1946
This is a list of earthquakes in 1946. Only magnitude 6.0 or greater earthquakes appear on the list. Lower magnitude events are included if they have caused death, injury or damage. Events which occurred in remote areas will be excluded from the list as they wouldn't have generated significant media interest. All dates are listed according to UTC time. Several great shocks affected the planet in 1946. The largest was one of the most significant in human terms. The quake itself was a magnitude 8.6 striking on April 1 in Alaska resulting in a tsunami mainly affecting Hawaii. The consequence of this apart from many deaths was the foundation of the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center. This organisation has helped to substantially reduce the death toll of tsunamis in the Pacific, although there have been a few exceptions, including the 2011 Japan event. Japan itself was heavily affected in 1946 by a large quake hitting in December, causing 1,362 deaths. The Dominican Republic was another nation that suffered great destruction in August. Turkey, Peru, and Turkmenistan all saw earthquakes causing many deaths. In general, 1946 was a busy year, with 21 events measuring above 7.0 and three exceeding a magnitude of 8.0.
Strongest magnitude | United States, south of Unimak Island, Alaska (Magnitude 8.6) April 1 |
---|---|
Deadliest | Dominican Republic, Samaná Bay (Magnitude 7.5) August 4 1,790 deaths |
Total fatalities | 6,373 |
Number by magnitude | |
9.0+ | 0 |
8.0−8.9 | 3 |
7.0−7.9 | 18 |
6.0−6.9 | 47 |
5.0−5.9 | 1 |
Overall
By death toll
Rank | Death toll | Magnitude | Location | MMI | Depth (km) | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1,790 | 7.5 | Dominican Republic, Samaná Bay | VII (Very strong) | 15.0 | August 4 |
2 | 1,400 | 6.8 | Peru, Ancash Region | XI (Extreme) | 15.0 | November 10 |
3 | 1,362 | 8.3 | Japan, off the south coast of Honshu | VII (Very strong) | 15.0 | December 20 |
4 | 840 | 6.0 | Turkey, Erzurum Province | VIII (Severe) | 35.0 | May 31 |
5 | 400 | 6.9 | Soviet Union, Balkan Region, Turkmenistan | VII (Very strong) | 37.9 | November 4 |
6 | 264 | 6.0 | France, Bordj Bou Arréridj Province, Algeria | IX (Violent) | 35.0 | February 12 |
7 | 167 | 8.6 | United States, south of Unimak Island, Alaska | VII (Very strong) | 15.0 | April 1 |
8 | 75 | 7.0 | Dominican Republic, off the northern coast | VII (Very strong) | 15.0 | August 8 |
9 | 58 | 6.6 | Taiwan, north of Taiwan | IX (Violent) | 25.0 | December 4 |
10 | 12 | 5.6 | Turkey, Konya Province | VIII (Severe) | 60.0 | February 21 |
- Note: At least 10 casualties
By magnitude
Rank | Magnitude | Death toll | Location | MMI | Depth (km) | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 8.6 | 167 | United States, south of Unimak Island, Alaska | VII (Very strong) | 15.0 | April 1 |
2 | 8.3 | 1,362 | Japan, off the south coast of Honshu | VII (Very strong) | 15.0 | December 20 |
3 | 8.0 | 0 | Burma, Sagaing Region | VII (Very strong) | 15.0 | September 12 |
= 4 | 7.8 | 0 | Burma, Sagaing Region | ( ) | 15.0 | September 12 |
= 4 | 7.8 | 0 | Australia, southeast of New Ireland (island), Papua New Guinea | VI (Strong) | 50.0 | September 29 |
= 5 | 7.5 | 1,790 | Dominican Republic, Samaná Bay | VII (Very strong) | 15.0 | August 4 |
= 5 | 7.5 | 0 | Soviet Union, Jalal-Abad Region, Kyrgyzstan | X (Extreme) | 25.0 | November 2 |
= 6 | 7.3 | 0 | Indonesia, Mentawai Islands | VII (Very strong) | 35.0 | May 8 |
= 6 | 7.3 | 0 | Canada, Vancouver Island | VII (Very strong) | 30.0 | June 23 |
= 7 | 7.2 | 0 | Australia, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea | ( ) | 95.0 | January 17 |
= 7 | 7.2 | 0 | Argentina, Santiago del Estero Province | ( ) | 573.6 | August 28 |
= 7 | 7.2 | 0 | Australia, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea | ( ) | 110.0 | September 23 |
= 8 | 7.1 | 0 | Mexico, Oaxaca | ( ) | 109.9 | June 7 |
= 8 | 7.1 | 0 | Mexico, Veracruz | ( ) | 117.8 | July 11 |
= 9 | 7.0 | 0 | New Hebrides, Vanuatu | ( ) | 35.0 | January 20 |
= 9 | 7.0 | 0 | New Hebrides, Vanuatu | ( ) | 175.4 | July 9 |
= 9 | 7.0 | 75 | Dominican Republic, off the northern coast | VII (Very strong) | 15.0 | August 8 |
= 9 | 7.0 | 0 | Fiji, south of | ( ) | 84.1 | August 21 |
= 9 | 7.0 | 0 | Fiji, south of | ( ) | 588.4 | September 26 |
= 9 | 7.0 | 0 | Dominican Republic, La Altagracia Province | ( ) | 50.0 | October 4 |
= 9 | 7.0 | 0 | United States, Andreanof Islands, Alaska | VI (Strong) | 25.0 | November 1 |
- Note: At least 7.0 magnitude
Notable events
January
Strongest magnitude | 7.2 Mw Australia |
---|---|
Total fatalities | 0 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 0 |
7.0−7.9 | 2 |
6.0−6.9 | 5 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
5[1] | Guatemala, Quiche Department | 6.0 | 210.0 | ||||
5[2][3] | New Hebrides, Vanuatu | 6.9 | 35.0 | VI | |||
11[4][5] | Republic of China (1912-1949), Heilongjiang Province | 6.8 | 581.2 | II | |||
12[6][7] | United States, Gulf of Alaska | 6.6 | 20.0 | IV | |||
17[8] | Australia, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea | 7.2 | 95.0 | ||||
20[9] | New Hebrides, Vanuatu | 7.0 | 35.0 | ||||
25[10] | Switzerland, Canton of Bern | 6.0 | 35.0 | This was a rare large event for the area. |
February
Strongest magnitude | 6.8 Mw United States |
---|---|
Deadliest | 6.0 Mw France 264 deaths |
Total fatalities | 279 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 0 |
7.0−7.9 | 0 |
6.0−6.9 | 4 |
5.0−5.9 | 1 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
4[11] | United States, Andreanof Islands, Alaska | 6.8 | 160.0 | ||||
10[12][13] | Iran, South Khorasan Province | 0.0 | 0.0 | VIII | 3 people were killed and some damage was caused. Magnitude and depth unknown. | 3 | |
12[14][15] | France, Bordj Bou Arreridj Province, Algeria | 6.0 | 35.0 | IX | 264 deaths were reported as well as major damage. | 264 | |
21[16][17] | Turkey, Konya Province | 5.6 | 60.0 | VIII | 12 people were killed. | 12 | |
22[18] | Mexico, Chiapas | 6.0 | 170.0 | ||||
27[19] | Argentina, Jujuy Province | 6.0 | 270.0 |
March
Strongest magnitude | 6.8 Mw Indonesia |
---|---|
Total fatalities | 0 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 0 |
7.0−7.9 | 0 |
6.0−6.9 | 3 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
15[20][21] | United States, central California | 6.3 | 6.0 | VIII | |||
25[22] | Cuba, southeast of | 6.0 | 35.0 | ||||
26[23][24] | Indonesia, off the west coast of southern Sumatra | 6.8 | 45.0 | VI |
April
Strongest magnitude | 8.6 Mw United States |
---|---|
Deadliest | 8.6 Mw United States 167 deaths |
Total fatalities | 167 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 1 |
7.0−7.9 | 0 |
6.0−6.9 | 1 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
1[25][26][27][28] | United States, south of Unimak Island, Alaska | 8.6 | 15.0 | VII | This was one of the largest events of all time. The 1946 Aleutian Islands earthquake caused a large tsunami that resulted in major destruction on Hawaii. 167 people were killed and property damage was $26 million (1946 rate). The disaster prompted the formation of the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center. | 167 | |
5[29] | Greece, southwest of Crete | 6.0 | 100.0 |
May
Strongest magnitude | 7.3 Mw Indonesia |
---|---|
Deadliest | 6.0 Mw Turkey 840 deaths |
Total fatalities | 840 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 0 |
7.0−7.9 | 1 |
6.0−6.9 | 3 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
3[30][31] | Australia, New Ireland (island), Papua New Guinea | 6.9 | 35.0 | VII | |||
8[32][33] | Indonesia, Mentawai Islands | 7.3 | 35.0 | VII | |||
21[34][35] | France, east of Martinique | 6.3 | 30.0 | V | |||
31[36][37] | Turkey, Erzurum Province | 6.0 | 35.0 | VIII | 840 people were killed. | 840 |
June
Strongest magnitude | 7.3 Mw Canada |
---|---|
Total fatalities | 0 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 0 |
7.0−7.9 | 2 |
6.0−6.9 | 7 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
2[38][39] | Taiwan, east of | 6.3 | 15.0 | V | |||
7[40] | Mexico, Oaxaca | 7.1 | 109.9 | ||||
15[41][42] | Indonesia, Ceram Sea | 6.4 | 15.0 | V | |||
23[43][44][45] | Canada, Vancouver Island | 7.3 | 30.0 | VII | 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake. Some property damage was caused. | ||
24[46] | Honduras, Copan Department | 6.0 | 260.0 | ||||
24[47] | Indonesia, Banda Sea | 6.5 | 160.0 | ||||
26[48] | Guatemala, Sacatepequez Department | 6.5 | 90.0 | ||||
26[49][50] | New Zealand, Canterbury, New Zealand | 6.5 | 15.0 | VII | |||
28[51] | New Zealand, Canterbury, New Zealand | 6.0 | 35.0 | Aftershock. |
July
Strongest magnitude | 7.1 Mw Mexico |
---|---|
Total fatalities | 0 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 0 |
7.0−7.9 | 2 |
6.0−6.9 | 2 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
9[52] | New Hebrides, Vanuatu | 7.0 | 175.4 | ||||
11[53] | Mexico, Veracruz | 7.1 | 117.8 | ||||
12[54] | United States, Fox Islands (Alaska) | 6.8 | 100.0 | ||||
26[55][56] | Chile, off coast of Tarapaca Region | 6.3 | 63.5 | VI |
August
Strongest magnitude | 7.5 Mw Dominican Republic |
---|---|
Deadliest | 7.5 Mw Dominican Republic 1,790 deaths |
Total fatalities | 1,867 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 0 |
7.0−7.9 | 4 |
6.0−6.9 | 2 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
2[57][58][59] | Chile, Atacama Region | 6.9 | 39.2 | VII | 2 people were killed and major damage was caused. | 2 | |
4[60][61][62][63] | Dominican Republic, Samana Bay | 7.5 | 15.0 | VII | The 1946 Dominican Republic earthquake was one of the worst disasters to hit the country. The earthquake caused few deaths however a major tsunami left 1,790 people dead. Many homes were destroyed. | 1,790 | |
8[64][65][66] | Dominican Republic, north coast | 7.0 | 15.0 | VII | This was a large aftershock of the previous event. 75 further deaths were caused by a tsunami. | 75 | |
11[67] | United Kingdom, Solomon Islands | 6.5 | 20.0 | ||||
21[68] | Fiji, south of | 7.0 | 84.1 | ||||
28[69] | Argentina, Santiago del Estero Province | 7.2 | 573.6 |
September
Strongest magnitude | 8.0 Mw Burma |
---|---|
Total fatalities | 0 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 1 |
7.0−7.9 | 4 |
6.0−6.9 | 1 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
12[70][71] | Burma, Sagaing Region | 8.0 | 15.0 | VII | 1946 Sagaing Earthquake | ||
12[72] | Burma, Sagaing Region | 7.8 | 15.0 | Aftershock. | |||
23[73] | Australia, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea | 7.2 | 110.0 | ||||
26[74] | Fiji, south of | 7.0 | 588.4 | ||||
29[75][76] | Australia, southeast of New Ireland (island), Papua New Guinea | 7.8 | 50.0 | VI | |||
30[77][78][79] | Peru, Ica Region | 6.1 | 53.0 | VII | Many homes were damaged. |
October
Strongest magnitude | 7.0 Mw Dominican Republic |
---|---|
Total fatalities | 0 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 0 |
7.0−7.9 | 1 |
6.0−6.9 | 7 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
2[80][81] | Soviet Union, southern Kamchatka Krai, Russia | 6.5 | 38.2 | VI | |||
2[82] | Soviet Union, southern Kamchatka Krai, Russia | 6.3 | 34.3 | Aftershock. | |||
4[83] | Dominican Republic, La Altagracia Province | 7.0 | 50.0 | ||||
8[84] | Fiji, south of | 6.8 | 620.0 | ||||
13[85] | Bolivia, Potosi Department | 6.0 | 200.0 | ||||
22[86] | New Hebrides, Vanuatu | 6.8 | 200.7 | ||||
25[87] | Soviet Union, eastern Kamchatka Krai, Russia | 6.5 | 140.0 | ||||
30[88] | United States, south of Unimak Island, Alaska | 6.5 | 30.0 |
November
Strongest magnitude | 7.5 Mw Soviet Union |
---|---|
Deadliest | 6.8 Mw Peru 1,400 deaths |
Total fatalities | 1,800 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 0 |
7.0−7.9 | 2 |
6.0−6.9 | 7 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
1[89][90] | United States, Andreanof Islands, Alaska | 7.0 | 25.0 | VI | |||
2[91][92][93] | Soviet Union, Jalal-Abad Region, Kyrgyzstan | 7.5 | 25.0 | X | The 1946 Chatkal earthquake caused some damages to Central Asia. | ||
4[94][95][96] | Soviet Union, Balkan Region, Turkmenistan | 6.9 | 37.9 | VII | 400 people were killed and major damage was caused. | 400 | |
6[97][98] | Republic of China (1912-1949), western Xizang | 6.4 | 25.0 | VII | |||
10[99] | Argentina, San Juan Province, Argentina | 6.2 | 120.0 | ||||
10[100][101][102] | Peru, Ancash Region | 6.8 | 15.0 | XI | 1,400 people were killed and major damage was caused by the 1946 Ancash earthquake. | 1,400 | |
12[103] | Tonga | 6.9 | 15.0 | ||||
17[104] | Indonesia, Banda Sea | 6.5 | 100.0 | ||||
28[105] | Tonga | 6.9 | 265.0 |
December
Strongest magnitude | 8.3 Mw Japan |
---|---|
Deadliest | 8.3 Mw Japan 1,362 deaths |
Total fatalities | 1,420 |
Number by magnitude | |
8.0−8.9 | 1 |
7.0−7.9 | 0 |
6.0−6.9 | 5 |
Date | Country and location | Mw | Depth (km) | MMI | Notes | Casualties | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead | Injured | ||||||
4[106][107][108] | Taiwan, north of | 6.6 | 25.0 | IX | The 1946 Hsinhua earthquake left 58 people dead and 384 injured. 700 homes were destroyed. | 58 | 384 |
17[109] | Fiji | 6.5 | 580.0 | ||||
19[110] | Taiwan, east of | 6.8 | 98.0 | ||||
20[111][112][113][114] | Japan, off the south coast of Honshu | 8.3 | 15.0 | VII | The 1946 Nankai earthquake was one of the largest quakes to hit Japan. The south coast is vulnerable to Nankai megathrust earthquakes. 1,362 people were killed and 2,600 were injured. 36,000 homes were destroyed. A tsunami washed the shoreline contributing to the devastation with wave heights around 20 feet. | 1,362 | 2,600 |
21[115] | Soviet Union, east of Kuril Islands, Russia | 6.9 | 20.0 | ||||
25[116] | United States, Rat Islands, Alaska | 6.5 | 90.0 |
References
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- "On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre. October 22, 1946. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
- "On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre. October 25, 1946. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
- "M 6.5 - Unimak Island region, Alaska". United States Geological Survey. October 30, 1946. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
- "M 7.0 - Andreanof Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska". United States Geological Survey. November 1, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 7.0 - Andreanof Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska". United States Geological Survey. November 1, 1946. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
- "M 7.5 - Kyrgyzstan". United States Geological Survey. November 2, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 7.5 - Kyrgyzstan". United States Geological Survey. November 2, 1946. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
- "Significant Earthquake: KYRGYZSTAN". National Geophysical Data Center. November 2, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 6.9 - Turkmenistan". United States Geological Survey. November 4, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 6.9 - Turkmenistan". United States Geological Survey. November 4, 1946. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
- "Significant Earthquake: TURKMENISTAN". National Geophysical Data Center. November 4, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 6.4 - western Xizang". United States Geological Survey. November 6, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 6.4 - western Xizang". United States Geological Survey. November 6, 1946. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
- "On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre. November 10, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 6.8 - central Peru". United States Geological Survey. November 10, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 6.8 - central Peru". United States Geological Survey. November 10, 1946. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
- "Significant Earthquake: PERU: JOCAIBAMBA,CERRO ANGASCHAJ,CERRO SILLAPATA". National Geophysical Data Center. November 10, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 6.9 - Tonga". United States Geological Survey. November 12, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre. November 17, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre. November 28, 1946. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
- "M 6.6 - Taiwan region". United States Geological Survey. December 4, 1946. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
- "M 6.6 - Taiwan region". United States Geological Survey. December 4, 1946. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
- "Significant Earthquake: TAIWAN". National Geophysical Data Center. December 4, 1946. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
- "On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre. December 17, 1946. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
- "On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre. December 19, 1946. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
- "M 8.3 - 1946 Nankai Earthquake, Japan". United States Geological Survey. December 20, 1946. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
- "M 8.3 - 1946 Nankai Earthquake, Japan". United States Geological Survey. December 20, 1946. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
- "Significant Earthquake: JAPAN: HONSHU: S COAST". National Geophysical Data Center. December 20, 1946. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
- "Tsunami Event: HONSHU: S COAST". National Geophysical Data Center. December 20, 1946. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
- "M 6.9 - east of the Kuril Islands". United States Geological Survey. December 21, 1946. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
- "M 6.5 -". United States Geological Survey. December 25, 1946. Retrieved September 2, 2016.