List of political parties in Turkey

Turkey is a presidential democracy with a multi-party system. Major parties are defined as political parties that received more than 10% of the votes in the latest general election and/or represented in parliament. Minor parties are defined as political parties that have fulfilled the requirements of the Supreme Election Committee (Yüksek Seçim Kurulu in Turkish, abbreviated as YSK) and whose names have been listed on ballots.

Major parties


Parties represented in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey
#	Abbr.	Party Name	Leader(s)	Position	Ideology	MPs	Metro.Mun.	Municipalities	National Aff.	European Aff.	International Aff.	Year of foundation	Members
1	AK Parti	Justice and Development Party Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	Right-wing	Social conservatism,[1] Islamism[2]	289 / 600	15 / 30	737 / 1,351	People's Alliance	-	-	2001	11,157,656
2	CHP	Republican People's Party Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi	Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu	Centre-left	Social democracy, Kemalism	135 / 600	11 / 30	262 / 1,351	Nation Alliance	Party of European Socialists	Socialist International, Progressive Alliance	1923, 1992 (re-foundation)	1,250,635
3	HDP	Peoples' Democratic Party Halkların Demokratik Partisi	Sezai Temelli, Pervin Buldan	Left-wing	Democratic socialism, Regionalism	56 / 600	3 / 30	62 / 1,351	-	Party of European Socialists	Progressive Alliance	2012	41,039
4	MHP	Nationalist Movement Party Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi	Devlet Bahçeli	Far-right	Ultranationalism, Pan-Turkism, Social conservatism	48 / 600	1 / 30	234 / 1,351	People's Alliance	-	-	1969	490,131
5	İYİ Parti	İYİ Party İYİ Parti	Meral Akşener	Centre to Centre-right	Turkish nationalism, Kemalism, Social justice	37 / 600	0 / 30	25 / 1,351	Nation Alliance	-	-	2017	330,450
6	DP	Democrat Party Demokrat Parti	Gültekin Uysal	Centre-right	Liberal conservatism	2 / 600	0 / 30	8 / 1,351	-	-	-	2007	432,167
7	TİP	Workers' Party of Turkey Türkiye İşçi Partisi	Erkan Baş	Far-left	Communism, Marxism-Leninism	2 / 600	0 / 30	0 / 1,351	-	-	International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties	2017	1,470
8	BBP	Great Union Party Büyük Birlik Partisi	Mustafa Destici	Far-right	Sunni Islamism, Conservatism	1 / 600	0 / 30	10 / 1,351	People's Alliance	-	-	1993	29,192
9	DBP	Democratic Regions Party Demokratik Bölgeler Partisi	Salihe Aydeniz Keskin Bayındır	Left-wing	Kurdish nationalism	1 / 600	0 / 30	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	2008	7,318
10	DEVA	Democracy and Progress Party Demokrasi ve Atılım Partisi	Ali Babacan	Centre[3] to Center-right[4]	Liberalism, Liberal democracy, Pro-Europeanism	1 / 600	0 / 30	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	2020	15,862
11	SAADET	Felicity Party Saadet Partisi	Temel Karamollaoğlu	Far-right	Sunni Islamism, Conservatism	1 / 600	0 / 30	20 / 1,351	-	-	-	2001	216,841
12	YP	Innovation Party Yenilik Partisi	Öztürk Yılmaz	Centre	Civic nationalism, Kemalism	1 / 600	0 / 30	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	2020	420
Parties below the parliamentary threshold in 2018 General Election
	VP	Patriotic Party Vatan Partisi	Doğu Perinçek	Far-left	Eurasianism, Left-wing nationalism	-	-	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	1992	19,281
	HÜRPAR	Free Cause Party Hür Dava Partisi	Mehmet Yavuz	Far-right	Islamism Pan-Islamism Religious conservatism	-	-	-	-	-	-	2012	8,737
Other parties contested in recent general elections
	HAKPAR	Rights and Freedoms Party Hak ve Özgürlükler Partisi	Abdullatif Epözdemir	Left-wing	Kurdish nationalism	-	-	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	2002	1,301
	HKP	People's Liberation Party Halkın Kurtuluş Partisi	Nurullah Ankut	Far-left	Marxism–Leninism, Kıvılcımlıism	-	-	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	2005	358
	BTP	Independent Turkey Party Bağımsız Türkiye Partisi	Hüseyin Baş	Centre	Economic nationalism, Alevi and Shia rights	-	-	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	2001	6,260
	DSP	Democratic Left Party Demokratik Sol Parti	Önder Aksakal	Centre-left	Democratic socialism, Kemalism	-	-	7 / 1,351	-	-	-	1985	33,068
	LDP	Liberal Democratic Party Liberal Demokrat Parti	Gültekin Tırpancı	Centre	Classical liberalism	-	-	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	1994	5,227
	MİLLET	Nation Party Millet Partisi	Aykut Edibali	Centre-right	Conservatism, Turkish nationalism	-	-	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	1992	4,260
	DYP	True Path Party Doğru Yol Partisi	Çetin Özaçıkgöz	Centre-right	Liberal conservatism	-	-	0 / 1,351	-	-	-	2007	279
Number of MPs: "Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Milletvekilleri Dağılımı". Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (in Turkish). Grand National Assembly of Turkey. Retrieved 2021-02-06., Official member numbers, foundation years and leaders: "Siyasi Parti Genel Bilgileri". Yargıtay Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığı (in Turkish). Court of Cassation. 2021-01-15. Retrieved 2020-11-15., Municipalities: "31 Mart 2019 Mahalli İdareler Seçimleri". T.C. Yüksek Seçim Kurulu (in Turkish). Supreme Electoral Council (Turkey). Retrieved 2020-11-06.

Minor parties

Minor parties did not participate in the 2015 General Election are:

Party Name	Turkish name	Abbr.	Leader(s)	Ideology	Position	Date of foundation
Communist Party of Turkey (current)	Türkiye Komunist Partisi	TKP	Kemal Okuyan	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Far-left	1993
Socialist Liberation Party	Toplumcu Kurtuluş Partisi	1920 TKP		Communism Marxism–Leninism	Left-wing	2012
Left Party	Sol Parti	ÖDP	Alper Taş	Socialism	Left-wing	1994
Labour Party	Emek Partisi	EMEP	Selma Gürkan	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Left-wing	1996
Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party	Devrimci Sosyalist İşçi Partisi	DSİP	Şevket Doğan Tarkan	Trotskyism	Left-wing	1997
Revolutionary Workers' Party	Devrimci İşçi Partisi	DİP	Ömer Sungur Savran	Trotskyism	Left-wing	2007
Socialist Workers' Party of Turkey	Türkiye Sosyalist İşçi Partisi	TSİP	Turgut Koçak	Socialism Marxism–Leninism	Left-wing	1993
Conservative Ascension Party	Muhafazakâr Yükseliş Partisi	MYP		Conservative		2013
Homeland Party	Yurt Partisi	YURT-P		Conservative		2002
Motherland Party	Anavatan Partisi	ANAP	İbrahim Çelebi	Liberal		2011
Great Turan Movement Party	Turan Hareketi Partisi	TURAN		Nationalism, Turanism	Far-right	2014
Ötüken Union Party	Ötüken Birliği Partisi	ÖTÜKEN		Nationalism, Pan-Turkism	Far-right	2017
National Party	Ulusal Parti	ULUSAL	Gökçe Fırat Çulhaoğlu	Nationalism	Far-right	2010
National Struggle Party	Milli Mücadele Partisi	MMP		Nationalism	Far-right	2014
Green Party	Yeşiller Partisi	-	Emine Özkan (female spokesperson) Koray Doğan Urbarlı (male spokesperson)	Green liberal		2020
Green Left Party	Yeşil Sol Parti	-	Eylem Tuncaelli, Naci Sönmez	Green politics	Left-wing	2012
Women's Party	Kadın Partisi	-	Fatma Benal Yazgan	Feminism	Left	2014
Centre Party	Merkez Parti	-			Centre	2014
Young Party	Genç Parti	GP	Hakan Uzan		Centre	2002
Future Party	Gelecek Partisi	-	Ahmet Davutoğlu		Right	2019
New Welfare Party	Yeniden Refah Partisi	-	Fatih Erbakan	Milli Görüş	Far-right [5]	2018

Former

Inactive parties

The following parties are inactive, and they are not listed in the active political parties list by the Supreme Court of Appeal.[6]

Party Name	Turkish name	Abbr.	Ideology	Position
Socialist Alternative	Sosyalist Alternatif	SA	Marxist, Trotskyist, Committee for a Workers International	Left-wing
People's Communist Party of Turkey	Halkın Türkiye Komünist Partisi	HTKP		Left-wing
Socialist Democracy Party	Sosyalist Demokrasi Partisi	SDP		Left-wing
Participatory Democracy Party	Katılımcı Demokrasi Partisi	KADEP	Kurdish nationalism
Democracy Party of Turkey & Kurdistan	Türkiye Kürdistan Demokrasi Partisi	T-KDP	Kurdish nationalism
Alternative and Change Party	Alternatif ve Değişim Partisi	AL PARTİ	Conservative
Nation and Justice Party	Millet ve Adalet Partisi	MİLAD	Conservative
People's Ascent Party	Halkın Yükselişi Partisi	HYP	Liberal
Turkey's Change Movement	Türkiye Değişim Hareketi	TDH	Liberal
Social Reconciliation Reform and Development Party	Toplumsal Uzlaşma Reform ve Kalkınma Partisi	TURK-P	Nationalism
Independent Republic Party	Bağımsız Cumhuriyet Partisi	BCP	Nationalism
Rights and Equality Party	Hak ve Eşitlik Partisi	HEPAR	Nationalism
Electronic Democracy Party	Elektronik Demokrasi Partisi	e-Parti		Centre

Defunct and historical parties

These are some of the parties that were dismantled because of their internal dynamics, mergers, inability to find electoral base or through governmental intervention, for instance following the coups.


Party Name	Position	Notes
Alternative Party Alternatif Parti	AP	Conservative
Anatolia Party (Anadolu Partisi)	Left-wing	dissolved in 2015
Democratic Left People's Party (Demokratik Sol Halk Partisi)	Left-wing	dissolved in 2010
New Turkey Party (2002) (Yeni Türkiye Partisi)	Left-wing	joined CHP in 2004
Social Democracy Party (SODEP) (Sosyal Demokrat Parti)	Left-wing	merged with People's Party to form Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP) in 1985
People's Party (Halkçı Parti)	Left-wing	merged with SODEP to form Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP) in 1985
Social Democratic Populist Party	Left-wing	merged with CHP in 1995
Republican Villagers Nation Party (Cumhuriyetçi Köylü Millet Partisi, CKMP)	Nationalist	merger of two parties, replaced by MHP in 1969
Nationalist Task Party (Milliyetçi Çalışma Partisi, MÇP)	Nationalist	replaced by MHP in 1992
Nationalist Democracy Party (Milliyetçi Demokrasi Partisi, MDP)	Nationalist	dissolved 1986
Greens of Turkey (Yeşiller Partisi)	Green politics	merged with EDP to form Greens and the Left Party of the Future (Yeşiller ve Sol Gelecek Partisi) in 2012.
Equality and Democracy Party (Eşitlik ve Demokrasi Partisi, EDP)	Green politics	merged with the Greens to form Greens and the Left Party of the Future (Yeşiller ve Sol Gelecek Partisi) in 2012.
Justice Party (Adalet Partisi)	Conservative, right-wing	closed on 12 September 1980
Communist Party Komünist Parti	Far-left	Member of United June Movement, Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties and International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties. Founded in 2014, Dissolved in 2017
Democrat Party (Demokrat Parti)	Conservative, right-wing	1946-1961
Nation Party (Millet Partisi)	Conservative, right-wing	1948–1953 and 1962–1977
New Party Yeni Parti	-	Nationalism
Democratic Party (Demokrat Parti)	Conservative, right-wing	1970-1980
Democratic Center Party (Demokratik Merkez Partisi, DMP)	Conservative, right-wing	merged into DYP on September 14, 1991
True Path Party (Doğru Yol Partisi, DYP)	Conservative, right-wing	merged with Motherland Party into Democrat Party (Turkey, 2007) in 2007
New Turkey Party (1961) (Yeni Türkiye Partisi)	Conservative, right-wing	joined to Justice Party in 1973
People's Voice Party (Halkın Sesi Partisi, HAS PARTİ)	Conservative, right-wing	dissolved in 2012
Turkey Party (Türkiye Partisi, TP)	Conservative, right-wing	dissolved in 2012
Liberal Republican Party (Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası)	Liberal	dissolved itself in 1930
Liberty Party (Hürriyet Partisi)	Liberal	joined CHP in 1958
National Salvation Party (Milli Selâmet Partisi)	Sunni Islamist	closed on 12 September 1980
National Development Party	Sunni Islamist

Banned parties

These are some of the parties that were banned through extraordinary courts or the Constitutional Court of Turkey.


Party Name	Position	Notes
Fatherland Party (Vatan Partisi)	Left-wing	banned in 1954
Workers Party of Turkey (Türkiye İşçi Partisi, TİP)	Left-wing	banned in 1971, represented in the national senate in early 1960s. (1961–1987) eventually merged with the Communist Party of Turkey in 1987.
United Communist Party of Turkey (Türkiye Birleşik Komünist Partisi)	Left-wing	banned in 1991; ban found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 1998 (1987–1991)
Labour Party (Turkey) (Emek Partisi)	Left-wing	ban found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2005, and re-established
Progressive Republican Party (Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası, TCF)	Conservative	banned on 3 June 1925 (1924–1925)
National Order Party (Milli Nizam Partisi)	Sunni Islamist	banned on 20 May 1971 (1970–1971)
Welfare Party (Refah Partisi)	Sunni Islamist	banned on 16 January 1998; (1983-1998) ban upheld by European Convention on Human Rights 2003
Virtue Party (Fazilet Partisi)	Sunni Islamist	banned on 22 June 2001; (1998-2001) ECHR case withdrawn by applicant 2005
People's Labor Party (Halkın Emek Partisi)	Kurdish nationalist	banned in July 1993 (1990-1993)
Democracy Party (Demokrasi Partisi, DEP)	Kurdish nationalist	banned on 16 June 1994; found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2002 (1993-1994)
People’s Democracy Party (Halkın Demokrasi Partisi, HADEP)	Kurdish nationalist	banned on 13 March 2003; found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2010 (1994-2003)
Democratic Society Party (Demokratik Toplum Partisi, DTP)	Kurdish nationalist	banned on 11 December 2009; ECHR case ongoing (2005-2009)
Great Turkey Party (Büyük Türkiye Partisi)	Turkish nationalist	banned in 1983

References

Cook, Steven A. (2012). "Recent History: The Rise of the Justice and Development Party". U.S.-Turkey Relations: A New Partnership to: 52.
"The Islamic reconquest of Erdogan".
Party Program of DEVA https://devapartisi.org/temel-metinler/parti-programi. Missing or empty |title= (help)
https://wms.flexious.be/editor/plugins/imagemanager/content/2140/PDF/2020/Turkey_political_parties.pdf
"Erbakan supports the marriage of 15 years old children".
"Faaliyette Olan Siyasi Partiler" (PDF). The Supreme Court of Appeal. Retrieved 4 January 2020.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[Cook-1] Cook, Steven A. (2012). "Recent History: The Rise of the Justice and Development Party". U.S.-Turkey Relations: A New Partnership to: 52.

[2] "The Islamic reconquest of Erdogan".

[3] Party Program of DEVA https://devapartisi.org/temel-metinler/parti-programi. Missing or empty |title= (help)

[4] ttps://wms.flexious.be/editor/plugins/imagemanager/content/2140/PDF/2020/Turkey_political_parties.pdf

[5] "Erbakan supports the marriage of 15 years old children".

[6] "Faaliyette Olan Siyasi Partiler" (PDF). The Supreme Court of Appeal. Retrieved 4 January 2020.

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