PTPN2

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN2 gene.[5][6]

PTPN2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1L8K
Identifiers
Aliases	PTPN2, PTN2, PTPT, TC-PTP, TCELLPTP, TCPTP, protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 2, protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2
External IDs	OMIM: 176887 MGI: 97806 HomoloGene: 7497 GeneCards: PTPN2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 18 (human)[1] Band 18p11.21 Start 12,785,478 bp[1] End 12,929,643 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 18 (mouse)[2] Band 18|18 E1 Start 67,665,511 bp[2] End 67,724,595 bp[2]
Gene ontology Molecular function • GO:0001948 protein binding • protein kinase binding • phosphatase activity • integrin binding • phosphoprotein phosphatase activity • syntaxin binding • non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity • receptor tyrosine kinase binding • hydrolase activity • protein tyrosine phosphatase activity • STAT family protein binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • membrane • cell membrane • endoplasmic reticulum • cell nucleus • endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment • nucleoplasm • cytosol Biological process • negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway • negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein response • dephosphorylation • negative regulation of interleukin-4-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway • negative regulation of interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway • negative regulation of cell proliferation • protein dephosphorylation • negative regulation of interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway • regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway • negative regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity • regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway • insulin receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway • glucose homeostasis • negative regulation of chemotaxis • negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway • negative regulation of macrophage differentiation • negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of positive thymic T cell selection • negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway • T cell differentiation • negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade • erythrocyte differentiation • negative regulation of lipid storage • B cell differentiation • peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation • positive regulation of gluconeogenesis • negative regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway • negative regulation of inflammatory response • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein • cellular response to cytokine stimulus Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5771	19255
Ensembl	ENSG00000175354	ENSMUSG00000024539
UniProt	P17706	Q06180
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001207013 NM_001308287 NM_002828 NM_080422 NM_080423	NM_001127177 NM_008977
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001193942 NP_001295216 NP_002819 NP_536347 NP_536348	NP_001120649 NP_033003
Location (UCSC)	Chr 18: 12.79 – 12.93 Mb	Chr 18: 67.67 – 67.72 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. Members of the PTP family share a highly conserved catalytic motif, which is essential for the catalytic activity. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation.

Epidermal growth factor receptor and the adaptor protein Shc were reported to be substrates of this PTP, which suggested the roles in growth factor mediated cell signaling. Three alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode isoforms differing at their extreme C-termini, have been described.

The different C-termini are thought to determine the substrate specificity, as well as the cellular localization of the isoforms. Two highly related but distinctly processed pseudogenes that localize to distinct chromosomes have been reported.[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000175354 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024539 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Brown-Shimer S, Johnson KA, Lawrence JB, Johnson C, Bruskin A, Green NR, Hill DE (Aug 1990). "Molecular cloning and chromosome mapping of the human gene encoding protein phosphotyrosyl phosphatase 1B". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 87 (13): 5148–52. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.13.5148. PMC 54279. PMID 2164224.
6. "Entrez Gene: PTPN2 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 2".

Further reading

• Mosinger B, Tillmann U, Westphal H, Tremblay ML (1992). "Cloning and characterization of a mouse cDNA encoding a cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine-phosphatase". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (2): 499–503. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.2.499. PMC 48266. PMID 1731319.
• Swarup G, Kamatkar S, Radha V, Rema V (1991). "Molecular cloning and expression of a protein-tyrosine phosphatase showing homology with transcription factors Fos and Jun". FEBS Lett. 280 (1): 65–9. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(91)80205-H. PMID 1849097. S2CID 10568838.
• Cool DE, Tonks NK, Charbonneau H, et al. (1989). "cDNA isolated from a human T-cell library encodes a member of the protein-tyrosine-phosphatase family". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 (14): 5257–61. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.14.5257. PMC 297600. PMID 2546150.
• Lorenzen JA, Dadabay CY, Fischer EH (1995). "COOH-terminal sequence motifs target the T cell protein tyrosine phosphatase to the ER and nucleus". J. Cell Biol. 131 (3): 631–43. doi:10.1083/jcb.131.3.631. PMC 2120615. PMID 7593185.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Johnson CV, Cool DE, Glaccum MB, et al. (1993). "Isolation and mapping of human T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase sequences: localization of genes and pseudogenes discriminated using fluorescence hybridization with genomic versus cDNA probes". Genomics. 16 (3): 619–29. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1239. PMID 8325634.
• Tiganis T, Flint AJ, Adam SA, Tonks NK (1997). "Association of the T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase with nuclear import factor p97". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (34): 21548–57. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.34.21548. PMID 9261175.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Tiganis T, Bennett AM, Ravichandran KS, Tonks NK (1998). "Epidermal growth factor receptor and the adaptor protein p52Shc are specific substrates of T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (3): 1622–34. doi:10.1128/MCB.18.3.1622. PMC 108877. PMID 9488479.
• Tiganis T, Kemp BE, Tonks NK (1999). "The protein-tyrosine phosphatase TCPTP regulates epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent signaling". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (39): 27768–75. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.39.27768. PMID 10488121.
• Aoki N, Matsuda T (2002). "A nuclear protein tyrosine phosphatase TC-PTP is a potential negative regulator of the PRL-mediated signaling pathway: dephosphorylation and deactivation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a and 5b by TC-PTP in nucleus". Mol. Endocrinol. 16 (1): 58–69. doi:10.1210/me.16.1.58. PMID 11773439.
• Iversen LF, Moller KB, Pedersen AK, et al. (2002). "Structure determination of T cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (22): 19982–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200567200. PMID 11907034.
• Simoncic PD, Lee-Loy A, Barber DL, et al. (2002). "The T cell protein tyrosine phosphatase is a negative regulator of janus family kinases 1 and 3". Curr. Biol. 12 (6): 446–53. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00697-8. PMID 11909529. S2CID 16693906.
• ten Hoeve J, de Jesus Ibarra-Sanchez M, Fu Y, et al. (2002). "Identification of a nuclear Stat1 protein tyrosine phosphatase". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (16): 5662–8. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.16.5662-5668.2002. PMC 133976. PMID 12138178.
• Zhu W, Mustelin T, David M (2002). "Arginine methylation of STAT1 regulates its dephosphorylation by T cell protein tyrosine phosphatase". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (39): 35787–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.C200346200. PMID 12171910.
• Yamamoto T, Sekine Y, Kashima K, et al. (2002). "The nuclear isoform of protein-tyrosine phosphatase TC-PTP regulates interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway through STAT3 dephosphorylation". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 297 (4): 811–7. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02291-X. hdl:2115/28124. PMID 12359225.
• Gupta S, Radha V, Sudhakar Ch, Swarup G (2003). "A nuclear protein tyrosine phosphatase activates p53 and induces caspase-1-dependent apoptosis". FEBS Lett. 532 (1–2): 61–6. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03628-1. PMID 12459463. S2CID 33468275.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Galic S, Klingler-Hoffmann M, Fodero-Tavoletti MT, et al. (2003). "Regulation of insulin receptor signaling by the protein tyrosine phosphatase TCPTP". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (6): 2096–108. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.6.2096-2108.2003. PMC 149470. PMID 12612081.