PTPRG

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase gamma is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRG gene.[5][6]

PTPRG
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2H4V, 2HY3, 2NLK, 2PBN, 3JXH, 3QCB, 3QCC, 3QCD, 3QCE, 3QCF, 3QCG, 3QCH, 3QCI, 3QCJ, 3QCK, 3QCL, 3QCM, 3QCN
Identifiers
Aliases	PTPRG, HPTPG, PTPG, R-PTP-GAMMA, RPTPG, protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type G, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type G
External IDs	OMIM: 176886 MGI: 97814 HomoloGene: 2129 GeneCards: PTPRG
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 3 (human)[1] Band 3p14.2 Start 61,561,569 bp[1] End 62,297,609 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse)[2] Band 14 A1|14 6.33 cM Start 11,553,532 bp[2] End 12,242,041 bp[2]
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein tyrosine phosphatase activity • phosphatase activity • transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • phosphoprotein phosphatase activity • hydrolase activity • identical protein binding Cellular component • integral component of membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • extracellular exosome • membrane • extracellular Biological process • regulation of homophilic cell adhesion • protein dephosphorylation • negative regulation of epithelial cell migration • transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway • dephosphorylation • brain development • negative regulation of neuron projection development • peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5793	19270
Ensembl	ENSG00000144724	ENSMUSG00000021745
UniProt	P23470	Q05909
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002841 NM_001375471	NM_008981 NM_001347593
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002832 NP_001362400	NP_001334522 NP_033007
Location (UCSC)	Chr 3: 61.56 – 62.3 Mb	Chr 14: 11.55 – 12.24 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation.

This PTP possesses an extracellular region, a single transmembrane region, and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. The extracellular region of this PTP contains a carbonic anhydrase-like (CAH) domain, which is also found in the extracellular region of PTPRBETA/ZETA. This gene is located in a chromosomal region that is frequently deleted in renal cell carcinoma and lung carcinoma, thus is thought to be a candidate tumor suppressor gene.[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000144724 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021745 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. LaForgia S, Morse B, Levy J, Barnea G, Cannizzaro LA, Li F, Nowell PC, Boghosian-Sell L, Glick J, Weston A, et al. (Jul 1991). "Receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase gamma is a candidate tumor suppressor gene at human chromosome region 3p21". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 88 (11): 5036–40. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.11.5036. PMC 51802. PMID 1711217.
6. "Entrez Gene: PTPRG protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, G".

Further reading

• Kaplan R, Morse B, Huebner K, et al. (1990). "Cloning of three human tyrosine phosphatases reveals a multigene family of receptor-linked protein-tyrosine-phosphatases expressed in brain". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (18): 7000–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.18.7000. PMC 54670. PMID 2169617.
• Krueger NX, Streuli M, Saito H (1990). "Structural diversity and evolution of human receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatases". EMBO J. 9 (10): 3241–52. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07523.x. PMC 552056. PMID 2170109.
• Latif F, Tory K, Modi W, et al. (1993). "A MspI polymorphism and linkage mapping of the human protein-tyrosine phosphatase G (PTPRG) gene". Hum. Mol. Genet. 2 (1): 91. doi:10.1093/hmg/2.1.91. PMID 7683956.
• Barnea G, Silvennoinen O, Shaanan B, et al. (1993). "Identification of a carbonic anhydrase-like domain in the extracellular region of RPTP gamma defines a new subfamily of receptor tyrosine phosphatases". Mol. Cell. Biol. 13 (3): 1497–506. doi:10.1128/mcb.13.3.1497. PMC 359461. PMID 8382771.
• Kastury K, Ohta M, Lasota J, et al. (1997). "Structure of the human receptor tyrosine phosphatase gamma gene (PTPRG) and relation to the familial RCC t(3;8) chromosome translocation". Genomics. 32 (2): 225–35. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0109. PMID 8833149.
• van Niekerk CC, Poels LG (1999). "Reduced expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma in lung and ovarian tumors". Cancer Lett. 137 (1): 61–73. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(98)00344-9. PMID 10376795.
• Kawachi H, Tamura H, Watakabe I, et al. (1999). "Protein tyrosine phosphatase zeta/RPTPbeta interacts with PSD-95/SAP90 family". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 72 (1): 47–54. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(99)00204-1. PMID 10521598.
• Liu S, Kulp SK, Sugimoto Y, et al. (2002). "Involvement of breast epithelial-stromal interactions in the regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase-gamma (PTPgamma) mRNA expression by estrogenically active agents". Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 71 (1): 21–35. doi:10.1023/A:1013343718942. PMID 11859871. S2CID 6175175.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Liu S, Sugimoto Y, Kulp SK, et al. (2003). "Estrogenic down-regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (PTP gamma) in human breast is associated with estrogen receptor alpha". Anticancer Res. 22 (6C): 3917–23. PMID 12553013.
• Liu S, Sugimoto Y, Sorio C, et al. (2004). "Function analysis of estrogenically regulated protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (PTPgamma) in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7". Oncogene. 23 (6): 1256–62. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207235. PMID 14676845.
• van Doorn R, Zoutman WH, Dijkman R, et al. (2005). "Epigenetic profiling of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: promoter hypermethylation of multiple tumor suppressor genes including BCL7a, PTPRG, and p73". J. Clin. Oncol. 23 (17): 3886–96. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.11.353. PMID 15897551.
• Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, et al. (2006). "Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry". J. Proteome Res. 4 (6): 2070–80. doi:10.1021/pr0502065. PMC 1850943. PMID 16335952.