Destrin

Destrin or DSTN (also known as actin depolymerizing factor or ADF) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the DSTN gene.[2][3][4] Destrin is a component protein in microfilaments.

Destrin (actin binding protein)
Nuclear magnetic resonance determined configuration of the tertiary structure of Destrin.[1]
Identifiers
SymbolDSTN
Alt. symbolsADF
NCBI gene11034
HGNC15750
OMIM609114
RefSeqNM_006870
UniProtP60981
Other data
LocusChr. 20 p12.1

The product of this gene belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF (Actin-Depolymerizing Factor)/cofilin family. This family of proteins is responsible for enhancing the turnover rate of actin in vivo. This gene encodes the actin depolymerizing protein that severs actin filaments (F-actin) and binds to actin monomers (G-actin). Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.[2]

Structure

The tertiary structure of destrin was determined by the use of triple-resonance multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR.[1] The secondary and tertiary structures of destrin are similar to the gelsolin family which is another actin-regulating protein family.

There are three ordered layers to destrin which is a globular protein. There is a central β sheet that is composed of one parallel strand and three antiparallel strands. This β sheet is between a long α helix along with a shorter one and two shorter helices on the opposite side. The four helices are parallel to the β strands.[1]

Function

In a variety of eukaryotes, destrin regulates actin in the cytoskeleton. Destrin binds actin and is thought to connect it as gelsolin segment-1 does. Furthermore, the binding of actin by destrin and cofilin is regulated negatively by phosphorylation. Destrin can also sever actin filaments.[1]

References
  1. PDB: 1AK6​; Hatanaka H, Ogura K, Moriyama K, Ichikawa S, Yahara I, Inagaki F (June 1996). "Tertiary structure of destrin and structural similarity between two actin-regulating protein families". Cell. 85 (7): 1047–55. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81305-7. PMID 8674111. S2CID 11470231.
  2. "Entrez Gene: Destrin".
  3. Hawkins M, Pope B, Maciver SK, Weeds AG (September 1993). "Human actin depolymerizing factor mediates a pH-sensitive destruction of actin filaments". Biochemistry. 32 (38): 9985–93. doi:10.1021/bi00089a014. PMID 8399167.
  4. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, et al. (2001). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20". Nature. 414 (6866): 865–71. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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