Visa requirements for Slovak citizens

Visa requirements for Slovak citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Slovakia. As of 7 April 2020, Slovak citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 181 countries and territories, ranking the Slovak passport 11th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Polish and Lithuanian passports) according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

A Slovak passport

A Slovak identity card is valid for travel to most European countries.

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Slovak citizens

  Slovakia

  Freedom of movement

  Visa not required / ESTA / eTA / eVisitor

  Visa on arrival

  eVisa

  Visa available both on arrival or online

  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

Country	Visa requirement	Allowed stay	Notes (excluding departure fees)
Afghanistan	Visa required[2]
Albania	Visa not required[3]	90 days	ID card valid
Algeria	Visa required[4]
Andorra	Visa not required[5]		ID card valid
Angola	eVisa[6][7]	30 days	Visitors who have been granted an online pre-visa or have requested such pre-visa from the consulates of Angola abroad, are then issued with a visa on arrival at the country's border check points. For a maximum total stay of 90 days within a one year period.[8] Besides having printed confirmation that a visa will be issued upon arrival, passengers must: have a return/onward ticket, and have a hotel reservation confirmation.[9]
Antigua and Barbuda	Visa not required[10]	3 months
Argentina	Visa not required[11]	90 days
Armenia	Visa not required[12]	180 days
Australia	eVisitor[13]	90 days	90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted
Austria	Visa not required[14]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Azerbaijan	eVisa[15]	30 days[16]
Bahamas	Visa not required[17]	3 months
Bahrain	eVisa / Visa on arrival[18]	14 days	Visa is also obtainable online.[19]
Bangladesh	Visa on arrival[20]	30 days
Barbados	Visa not required[21]	3 months
Belarus	Visa not required[22]	30 days	Must arrive and depart via Minsk International Airport.
Belgium	Visa not required[23]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Belize	Visa not required[24]	1 month
Benin	eVisa / Visa on arrival[25][26]	30 days / 8 days	Must have an international vaccination certificate.
Bhutan	Visa required[27]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Bolivia	Visa not required[28]	90 days
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Visa not required[29]	90 days	90 days within any 6-month period ID card valid
Botswana	Visa not required[30]	90 days
Brazil	Visa not required[31]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Brunei	Visa not required[32]	90 days
Bulgaria	Visa not required[33]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Burkina Faso	Visa on arrival[34]	1 month
Burundi	Visa required[35]
Cambodia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[36]	30 days	Visa form pre-fill is also obtainable online at a higher price, but you still need to apply for visa on arrival at the airport.[37]
Cameroon	Visa required[38]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Canada	Visa not required[39]	6 months	eTA required if arriving by air.[40][41]
Cape Verde	Visa not required[42]	30 days	Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[43]
Central African Republic	Visa required[44]
Chad	Visa required[45]
Chile	Visa not required[46]	90 days
China	Visa required[47]		24-hour visit without a visa when in transit through China (unless arriving in Fuzhou Changle International Airport, Huangshan Tunxi International Airport, Mudanjiang Hailang Airport, Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport and Yanji Chaoyangchuan Airport). 72-hour visit without a visa when in transit through Changsha, Guilin and Harbin. 144-hours visit without a visa when in transit through Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Dalian, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Jieyang, Kunming, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qinhuangdao, Qingdao, Shanghai, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Shijiazhuang, Tianjin, Wuhan, Xiamen and Xi'an.[48] Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan do count as third countries under the 24, 72 and 144-hours visa-free transit (TWOV) policies.
Colombia	Visa not required[49]	180 days	90 days - extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period
Comoros	Visa on arrival[50]	2 weeks
Republic of the Congo	Visa required[51]
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Visa required[52]
Costa Rica	Visa not required[53]	90 days
Côte d'Ivoire	eVisa[54]	3 months	eVisa holders must arrive via Port Bouet Airport.
Croatia	Visa not required[55]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Cuba	Tourist Card required[56]
Cyprus	Visa not required[57]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Czech Republic	Visa not required[58]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Denmark	Visa not required[59]	Freedom of movement (DK) ID card valid
Djibouti	eVisa[60]	31 days
Dominica	Visa not required[61]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Dominican Republic	Visa not required[62]
Ecuador	Visa not required[63]	90 days
Egypt	eVisa / Visa on arrival[64][65]	30 days	Visa required, except for a max. stay of 15 days for holders of normal passports, traveling as tourists and arriving at Sharm El Sheik (SSH), Saint Catherine (SKV) or Taba (TCP) airports and remaining in the Sinai resorts.
El Salvador	Visa not required[66]	3 months
Equatorial Guinea	Visa required[67]
Eritrea	Visa required[68]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Estonia	Visa not required[69]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Eswatini	Visa not required[70]	30 days
Ethiopia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[71]	up to 90 days	Visa on arrival is obtainable only at Addis Ababa Bole International Airport.[72] eVisa holders must arrive via Addis Ababa Bole International Airport. eVisas are available for 30 or 90 days.[73]
Fiji	Visa not required[74]	4 months
Finland	Visa not required[75]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
France	Visa not required[76]	Freedom of movement (in Regions of France) ID card valid
Gabon	eVisa / Visa on arrival[77]	90 days	Electronic visa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport.[78]
Gambia	Visa required[79][80]
Georgia	Visa not required[81]	1 year	ID card valid
Germany	Visa not required[82]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Ghana	Visa required[83]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Greece	Visa not required[84]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Grenada	Visa not required[85]	3 months
Guatemala	Visa not required[86]	90 days
Guinea	eVisa[87]	90 days
Guinea-Bissau	eVisa / Visa on arrival[88]	90 days
Guyana	Visa required[89]
Haiti	Visa not required[90]	90 days
Honduras	Visa not required[91]	3 months
Hungary	Visa not required[92]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Iceland	Visa not required[93]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
India	e-Visa[94]	60 days
Indonesia	Visa not required[95]	30 days	Not available at all entry points.
Iran	Visa on arrival[96]	30 days[97]
Iraq	Visa required[98]
Ireland	Visa not required[99]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Israel	Visa not required[100]	3 months
Italy	Visa not required[101]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Jamaica	Visa not required[102]	30 days
Japan	Visa not required[103]	90 days
Jordan	Visa on arrival[104]	30 days	40 JOD payable upon arrival by cash/credit card[104]
Kazakhstan	Visa not required[105]	30 days
Kenya	eVisa / Visa on arrival[106]	3 months
Kiribati	Visa not required[107]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
North Korea	Visa required[108]
South Korea	Visa not required[109]	90 days
Kuwait	eVisa / Visa on arrival[110]	3 months
Kyrgyzstan	Visa not required[111]	60 days
Laos	eVisa / Visa on arrival[112][113]	30 days	Visa on arrival is available at international airports Luangphabang, Pakse, Savannakhet and Vientiane, and at 4 land borders Friendship Bridge,[Note 1] and at 13 border crossings[Note 2] as well as Tanalaeng train station in Vientiane, which connects to the train station in Nongkai, Thailand.[114] Visa on arrival facility will be gradually phased out at various border crossings starting January 2020.[115] eVisa may be used to enter Laos through the following entry points — Wattay International Airport and the First Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge Entry points Lalai, Lantui, Meuang mom, Pakxan, and Phoudou are open only to visa holders. Visa on arrival is extendable up to 60 days.
Latvia	Visa not required[116]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Lebanon	Visa on arrival[117]	1 month	Extendable for 2 additional months Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
Lesotho	eVisa[118][119]
Liberia	Visa required[120]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Libya	Visa required[121]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Liechtenstein	Visa not required[122]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Lithuania	Visa not required[123]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Luxembourg	Visa not required[124]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Madagascar	eVisa / Visa on arrival[125]	90 days
Malawi	eVisa / Visa on arrival[126][127]	90 days
Malaysia	Visa not required[128]	3 months
Maldives	Free visa on arrival[129]	30 days
Mali	Visa required[130]
Malta	Visa not required[131]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Marshall Islands	Visa not required[132]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Mauritania	Visa on arrival[133]		Available at Nouakchott–Oumtounsy International Airport.
Mauritius	Visa not required[134]	90 days
Mexico	Visa not required[135]	180 days
Micronesia	Visa not required[136]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Moldova	Visa not required[137]	90 days	90 days within any 180 days period ID card valid
Monaco	Visa not required[138]		ID card valid Monaco does not have a visa policy of its own and the Schengen Visa policy applies, also border controls only take place when arriving by sea or air (helicopter) from a non-Schengen country
Mongolia	Visa on arrival[139]	30 days	Visa may be obtained on arrival only at Ulaanbaatar Airport. The consular department of the Ministry Of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia advises for visa to be applied for prior to arrival.
Montenegro	Visa not required[140]	90 days	ID card valid for 30 days
Morocco	Visa not required[141]	90 days
Mozambique	Visa on arrival[142]	30 days
Myanmar	eVisa[143]	28 days	eVisa holders must arrive via Yangon, Nay Pyi Taw or Mandalay airports or via land border crossings with Thailand — Tachileik, Myawaddy and Kawthaung or India — Rih Khaw Dar and Tamu. eVisa available for both tourism (allowed stay is 28 days) or business (allowed stay is 70 days) purposes.
Namibia	Visa on arrival[144]	3 months	Available at Hosea Kutako International Airport.
Nauru	Visa required[145]
Nepal	Visa on arrival[146]	90 days
Netherlands	Visa not required[147]	Freedom of movement (European Netherlands) ID card valid
New Zealand	Electronic Travel Authority[148]	3 months	International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[149] Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[150] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[149]
Nicaragua	Visa not required[151]	90 days	All visitors are required to obtain a Tourist Card on arrival.
Niger	Visa required[152]
Nigeria	Visa required[153]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
North Macedonia	Visa not required[154]	90 days	ID card valid
Norway	Visa not required[155]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Oman	eVisa[156]	30 days
Pakistan	Online Visa[157]
Palau	Visa not required[158]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Panama	Visa not required[159]	180 days
Papua New Guinea	eVisa / Free visa on arrival[160]	60 days
Paraguay	Visa not required[161]	90 days
Peru	Visa not required[162]	90 days	90 days within any 6-month period[163]
Philippines	Visa not required[164]	30 days
Poland	Visa not required[165]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Portugal	Visa not required[166]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Qatar	Visa not required[167]	90 days
Romania	Visa not required[168]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Russia	eVisa[169]	16 days	e-Visa holders must arrive and departure via 29 checkpoints[170]
Rwanda	eVisa / Visa on arrival[171]	30 days
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Visa not required[172]	3 months
Saint Lucia	Visa not required[173]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Visa not required[174]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Samoa	Visa not required[175]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
San Marino	Visa not required[176]		ID card valid
São Tomé and Príncipe	Visa not required[177]	15 days
Saudi Arabia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[178][179]	90 days
Senegal	Visa not required[180]	90 days
Serbia	Visa not required[181]	90 days	90 days within any 6-month period ID card valid
Seychelles	Visa not required[182]	3 months
Sierra Leone	Visa on arrival[183]
Singapore	Visa not required[184]	90 days
Slovenia	Visa not required[185]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Solomon Islands	Visa not required[186]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Somalia	Visa on arrival[187]		Available at Berbera, Borama, Burao, Erigavo and Hargeisa airports. 30 days, available at Bosaso Airport, Galcaio Airport and Mogadishu Airport.
South Africa	Visa required[188]
South Sudan	Electronic Visa[189]		Obtainable online[190] Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel[191]
Spain	Visa not required[192]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Sri Lanka	eVisa / Visa on arrival[193]	30 days
Sudan	Visa required[194]
Suriname	E-tourist card[195]	90 days	Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[196]
Sweden	Visa not required[197]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Switzerland	Visa not required[198]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Syria	Visa required[199]
Tajikistan	Visa on arrival[200]	45 days	At Dushanbe International Airport. Visa also available online. E-visa holders can enter through all border points.[201]
Tanzania	eVisa / Visa on arrival[202][203]	3 months
Thailand	Visa not required[204]	30 days	Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.
Timor-Leste	Visa not required[205]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Togo	Visa on arrival[206]	7 days
Tonga	Visa not required[207]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Trinidad and Tobago	Visa not required[208]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Tunisia	Visa not required[209]	3 months
Turkey	Visa not required[210]	3 months
Turkmenistan	Visa required[211]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Tuvalu	Visa not required[212]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Uganda	eVisa / Visa on arrival[213]		May apply online.[214]
Ukraine	Visa not required[215]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
United Arab Emirates	Visa not required[216]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period[217][218]
United Kingdom	Visa not required[219]	6 months	ID card valid until 1 October 2021.[220]
United States	Visa Waiver Program[221][222]	90 days	On arrival from overseas; ESTA (valid for 2 years when issued) required if arriving by air or cruise ship.[223]
Uruguay	Visa not required[224]	90 days
Uzbekistan	Visa not required[225]	30 days
Vanuatu	Visa not required[226]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Vatican City	Visa not required[227]		ID card valid
Venezuela	Visa not required[228]	90 days
Vietnam	eVisa[229]	30 days[230]
Yemen	Visa required[231]
Zambia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[232]	90 days	Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe	eVisa / Visa on arrival[233]	3 months	Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.

Territories and disputed areas

Visa requirements for Slovak citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Europe

•  Abkhazia — Visa required.[234]
•  Artsakh — Visa required (issued for single entry for 21 days/1/2/3 months or multiple entry visa for 1/2/3 months).[235][236]
  Travellers with Artsakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Artsakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[237]
• Mount Athos — Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[238][239]
• Brest and Grodno — Visa not required for 10 days.[240]
• Crimea — Visa issued by Russia is required.[241]
•  Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus — Visa free access for 3 months. ID card valid.[242]
• UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus — Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.[243]
•  Faroe Islands — Visa not required.[244]
•  Gibraltar — Visa not required.[245]
•  Guernsey – Visa not required.[246]
•  Alderney – Visa not required.[247]
•  Sark – Visa not required.[248]
•  Isle of Man — Visa not required.[249][250]
• Jan Mayen — permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[251] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[252]
•  Jersey – Visa not required.[253]
•  Kosovo — visa free for 90 days. ID card valid.[254][255]
• Closed cities and regions in Russia — special authorization required.[256]
•  South Ossetia — Visa free. Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[257][258]
•  Transnistria — Visa free. Registration required after 24h.[259][260]

Africa

•  Eritrea (outside Asmara) — visa covers Asmara only; to travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[261]
•  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Western Sahara controlled territory) — Visa not required up to 3 months.[262]
•  Somaliland — Visa issued on arrival (30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival).[263][264]
•  Sudan — All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
• Darfur — Separate travel permit is required.[265]

Asia

•  Hong Kong — Visa not required for 90 days.[266]
•  India — Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[267][268][269][270][271][272]
•  Iraqi Kurdistan — Visa on arrival for 15 days is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.[273]
•  Kazakhstan — Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[274]
• Kish Island — Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[275]
•  Macao — Visa not required for 90 days.[276]
• Sabah and Sarawak — These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[277]
• Maldives — With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[278]
•  Palestine — Visa not required. Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[279][280]
•  Taiwan — Visa not required for 90 days.[281]
• Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province — OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[282][283][284]
•  Turkmenistan — A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[285]
• Tibet Autonomous Region — Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[286][287][288]
• Korean Demilitarized Zone — restricted zone.
• UNDOF Zone and Ghajar — restricted zones.
• Phú Quốc — can visit without a visa for up to 30 days.[289]
•  Yemen — Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[290]

Caribbean and North Atlantic

•  Anguilla — Visa not required for 3 months.[291][292]
•  Aruba — Visa not required for 30 days.[293]
• Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba — Visa not required for 3 months.[294]
•  Bermuda — Visa not required for 21 days (extendable).[295][296]
•  British Virgin Islands — Visa not required for 1 month (extendable).[297][298]
•  Cayman Islands — Visa not required for 6 months.[299][300]
•  Colombia — Visitors arriving at San Andrés and Leticia must buy tourist cards on arrival.[301]
•  Curacao — Visa not required for 3 months.[302]
•  Montserrat — Visa not required for 6 months.[303]
•  Greenland — Visa not required.[244]
• Margarita Island — All visitors are fingerprinted.[304]
•  Puerto Rico — Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.[305]
•  Saint Pierre and Miquelon — Visa not required.[306]
•  Sint Maarten — Visa not required for 3 months.[307]
•  Turks and Caicos Islands — Visa not required for 90 days.[308][309]
•  U.S. Virgin Islands — Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.[310]

Oceania

•  American Samoa — Electronic authorization for 30 days.[311]
• Ashmore and Cartier Islands — special authorisation required.[312]
• Clipperton Island — special permit required.[313]
•  Cook Islands — Visa free access for 31 days.[314]
• Lau Province — Special permission required.[315]
•  French Polynesia — Visa not required.[316]
•  Guam — Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.[317]
•  New Caledonia — Visa not required for 3 months.[318]
•  Niue — Visa on arrival valid for 30 days is issued free of charge.[319]
•  Northern Mariana Islands — Visa not required.[320]
•  Pitcairn Islands — 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[321][322][323][324]
•  Tokelau — Entry permit required.[325]
• United States Minor Outlying Islands — special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[326][327][328][329][330][331][332]
•  Wallis and Futuna — Visa not required.[333]

South Atlantic and Antarctica

•  Falkland Islands — Visitor Permit valid for 4 weeks is issued on arrival.[334][335]
•  Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
  •  Ascension Island — eVisa for 3 months within any year period.[336][337]
  •  Saint Helena — Entry Permit (£25) for 183 days is issued on arrival.[338]
  •  Tristan da Cunha — Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[339]
•  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands — Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[340][341][342]
• Antarctica and adjacent islands — special permits required for  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[343][344][345][346][347][348][349][350][351][352][353]
•  Arab League — Certain countries will deny access to holders of Israeli visas or passport stamps of Israel because of the Arab League boycott of Israel.

Non-ordinary passports

Holders of various categories of official Slovak passports have additional visa-free access to the following countries - Algeria (diplomatic or service passports), Azerbaijan (diplomatic or service passports), Belarus (diplomatic or service passports), China (diplomatic, service or special passports), Egypt (diplomatic, official, service or special passports), Indonesia (diplomatic or service passports), Kazakhstan (diplomatic or service passports), Mongolia (diplomatic or official passports), Russia (diplomatic and service passports), Uzbekistan (diplomatic or service passports) and Vietnam (diplomatic passports). Holders of diplomatic or service passports of any country have visa-free access to Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Mali and Zimbabwe.

Non-visa restrictions

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[354] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being available.

Vaccination

An International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis is required to prove that someone has been vaccinated against yellow fever

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[355]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently.[356]

Passport validity length

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[357] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[358] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[359]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, Honduras, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova, and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland and the United Kingdom also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[360] and South Africa.

Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay. Some countries have bilateral agreements with other countries to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[361][362] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[363]

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[364] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning their entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[365]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[366] Lebanon,[367] Libya,[368] Sudan,[369] Syria,[370] and Yemen[371] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

The Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage claims that having an Israeli stamp does not disqualify someone from visiting Saudi Arabia.[372]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Armenian ethnicity

Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

Due to a state of war existing between Armenia and Azerbaijan, the government of Azerbaijan not only bars entry of Armenian citizens, but also all citizens and nationals of any other country who are of Armenian descent, into the Republic of Azerbaijan.[373][374]

Azerbaijan also strictly bans any visit by foreign citizens to the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[375] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia, without the prior consent of the government of Azerbaijan. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[376] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[377] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Upon request, the authorities of the largely unrecognised Republic of Artsakh may attach their visa and/or stamps to a separate piece of paper in order to avoid detection of travel to their territory.

Biometrics

A fingerprint scanner at Dulles International Airport collects biometric data on visitors, which can be used for confirming identities.

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to quickly change planes rather than go landside.[378]

Fingerprinting countries include Afghanistan,[379][380] Argentina,[381] Brunei, Cambodia,[382] China,[383] Ethiopia,[384] Ghana, Guinea,[385] India, Japan,[386][387] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[388] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[389] Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[390] Singapore, South Korea,[391] Taiwan, Thailand,[392] Uganda[393] and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its legislature),[394] [395] [396] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[397]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[398] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[399][400] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[401] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[402][403]

Right to consular protection in non-EU countries

Countries with Slovak diplomatic missions

When in a non-EU country where there is no Slovak embassy, Slovak citizens as EU citizens have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other EU country present in that country.

See also List of diplomatic missions of Slovakia.

See also

• Visa requirements for European Union citizens
• Slovak passport

References and Notes

References

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156. Sultanate of Oman - Royal Oman Police - eVisa
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166. Third countries whose citizens are required to have a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
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176. Border formalities, San Marino Tourism Board.
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Notes

1. • Vientiane
   • Savannakhet
   • Khammuan
   • Bokeo
2. • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
   • Samliemkham - (Thailand and Myanmar)
   • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
   • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
   • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
   • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
   • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
   • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
   • Boten - Bo han (China)
   • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
   • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
   • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
   • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)